A5058012561- School Choice and Performance
- Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Global Health Care Issues
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Higher Education Research Studies
- Retirement, Disability, and Employment
- Race, History, and American Society
- Parental Involvement in Education
- Education Systems and Policy
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Educational Assessment and Improvement
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Youth Education and Societal Dynamics
Emory University
2013-2024
National Bureau of Economic Research
2013-2024
University of Rochester
2023-2024
University of Southern Denmark
2019-2024
Kennesaw State University
2024
The University of Melbourne
2024
Davidson College
2024
Brigham Young University
2024
National Taiwan University
2024
Monash University
2024
We make use of a new data resource--merged birth and school records for all children born in Florida from 1992 to 2002--to study the relationship between weight cognitive development. Using singletons as well twin sibling fixed effects models, we find that early health on development are essentially constant through career; these similar across wide range family backgrounds; they invariant measures quality. conclude adult outcomes therefore set very early.
Boys born to disadvantaged families have higher rates of disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high school completions than girls from comparable backgrounds. Using birth certificates matched schooling records for Florida children 1992–2002, we find that family disadvantage disproportionately impedes the pre-market development boys. The differential effect on boys is robust specifications within schools neighborhoods as well across siblings families. Evidence supports...
Abstract We present evidence of a positive relationship between school starting age and children's cognitive development from ages 6 to 18 using fuzzy regression discontinuity design large‐scale population‐level birth data the state Florida. estimate effects being old for grade (being born in September vs. August) that are remarkably stable—always around 0.2 SD difference test scores—across wide range heterogeneous groups, based on maternal education, poverty at birth, race/ethnicity,...
Significance A prominent hypothesis in the study of intelligence is that genetic influences on cognitive abilities are larger for children raised more advantaged environments. Evidence to date has been mixed, with some indication hypothesized pattern may hold United States but not elsewhere. We conducted largest using matched birth and school administrative records from socioeconomically diverse state Florida, we did find evidence hypothesis.
Recent evidence indicates that boys and girls are differently affected by the quantity quality of family inputs received in childhood. We assess whether this is also true for schooling inputs. Using matched Florida birth school administrative records, we estimate causal effect on gender gap educational outcomes contrasting opposite-sex siblings who attend same sets schools--thereby purging heterogeneity--and leveraging within-family variation arising from moves. Investigating middle test...
Using birth certificates matched to schooling records for Florida children born 1992-2002, we assess whether family disadvantage disproportionately impedes the pre-market development of boys.We find that, relative their sisters, boys disadvantaged families have higher rates disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high-school completions.Evidence supports that this is a causal effect post-natal environment; unrelated gender gap in neonatal health.We conclude among black...
<h3>Abstract</h3> We estimate health associations across generations using information on healthcare visits from administrative data for the entire Norwegian population. A parental mental diagnosis is associated with a 9.3 percentage point (40%) higher probability of their adolescent child. Intensive margin physical and are similar, extended family estimates account 42% intergenerational persistence. also show that policy targeting additional resources young children adults diagnosed...
We explore whether fetal and postnatal exposure to tropical cyclones affects education income in adulthood by using World War I draft records linked census data. Difference-in-differences estimates indicate that white males born hurricane-prone US states who experienced a hurricane utero or as infants had 5% lower income. Labor force participation was unaffected, while migration account for small portion of the effects on Empirical tests suggest persistent impact damage is an unlikely...
Little is known about the role birth order plays in delinquency and adult crime outcomes that carry significant externalities. We use rich data sets from Denmark Florida to examine these explore potential mechanisms. Despite large environmental differences between areas, we find remarkably consistent results: families with two or more children, secondborn boys are 20%–40% likely be disciplined school enter criminal justice system than their firstborn male siblings. rule out health at quality...
Using birth certificates matched to schooling records for Florida children born 1992 – 2002, we assess whether family disadvantage disproportionately impedes the pre-market development of boys. We find that, relative their sisters, boys disadvantaged families have higher rates disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high-school completions. Evidence supports that this is a causal effect post-natal environment; unrelated gender gap in neonatal health. conclude among black...
<h3>Importance</h3> Survivors of preterm birth often present with medical morbidities; however, variation in their long-term educational performance has not been well described. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate the association between gestational age and 4 outcomes school-aged children: readiness to enter kindergarten, scores on standardized tests elementary middle school, gifted status, low performance. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> In a retrospective cohort study, children born...
University students have been particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We present results from first wave of Global Student Survey, which was administered at 28 universities in United States, Spain, Australia, Sweden, Austria, Italy, and Mexico between April October 2020. The survey addresses contemporaneous outcomes future expectations regarding three fundamental aspects students' lives pandemic: labor market, education, health. document differential responses as a function their...
Abstract We document that the female advantage in childhood behavioural and academic outcomes is driven by gender gaps at extremes of outcome distribution. Using unconditional quantile regression, we show family socioeconomic status particularly influences boys’ relative to girls’ lower tails distribution, precisely where are most pronounced. These relationships not explained school or neighbourhood factors, parents’ differential treatment boys. The disproportionate effect on boys...
Significance In litter-bearing species, females exposed to prenatal testosterone from male littermates exhibit altered traits. humans, rising twinning rates may be exposing a growing subset of similar effects. Data on all twin births in Norway between 1967 and 1978 show that utero co-twin have decreased probability graduating high school (15.2%), completing college (3.9%), being married (11.7%), lower fertility (5.8%) life-cycle earnings (8.6%). These relationships remain unchanged among...
We explore how access to modern hospitals and medicine affects mortality by leveraging efforts of the Duke Endowment modernize in early twentieth century. The helped communities build expand hospitals, obtain state-of-the-art medical technology, attract qualified personnel, refine management practices. find that support increased size quality sector, fostering growth not-for-profit high-quality physicians. funding reduced both infant mortality—with larger effects for Black infants than White...
Abstract It is notoriously difficult to identify peer effects within the family. Using administrative data on children from both Florida and Denmark, paper examines of having a disabled younger sibling. To address identification challenge, compares differential for first- second-born in three-plus-child families, taking advantage fact that birth order influences amount time child spends early childhood with their siblings, or not. The finds evidence that, relative first born, second family...
Late-term gestation (defined as the 41st week of pregnancy) is associated with increased risk perinatal health complications. It not known to what extent late-term long-term cognitive and physical outcomes. Information about outcomes may influence physician patient decisions regarding optimal pregnancy length.To compare school-aged children who were born full term or late term.We analyzed Florida birth certificates from 1994 2002 linked public school records 1998 2013 found 1 442 590...
Thanks to extraordinary and exponential improvements in data storage computing capacities, it is now possible collect, manage, analyze magnitudes manners that would have been inconceivable just a short time ago. As the world has developed this remarkable capacity store data, so world's governments large-scale, comprehensive datafiles on tax programs, workforce information, benefit health, education. Although these are collected for purely administrative purposes, they represent new...