A5055987470- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Trace Elements in Health
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
University of Exeter
2016-2025
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
2000-2023
University of Sussex
2009
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
2009
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
2007-2009
Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience
2007-2009
National Institute for Basic Biology
2009
Exeter Hospital
2008
Brunel University of London
2007
Silver nanoparticles cause toxicity in exposed organisms and are an environmental health concern. The mechanisms of silver nanoparticle toxicity, however, remain unclear. We examined the effects exposure to nano-, bulk-, ionic forms on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) using a Next Generation Sequencing approach Illumina platform (High-Throughput SuperSAGE). Significant alterations gene expression were found for all treatments many pathways affected, most notably those associated with...
Globally, feminization responses in wild male freshwater fish are caused by exposure to estrogenic chemicals, including natural and synthetic estrogens, contained effluents from wastewater treatment works. In U.K. rivers, responses, intersex, widespread roach (Rutilus rutilus) populations, severely affected have a reduced reproductive success. We exposed environmentally relevant concentrations of the contraceptive estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) for up 2 years, intermittent repeated...
Abstract Probiotics, live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host, offer an alternative to antibiotics and have become popular among shrimp farmers for use regulation of pond water quality, promotion growth prevention disease. Most probiotics are selected testing based their ability competitively exclude pathogens through bacterial antagonism assays, although mechanisms pathogen exclusion rarely investigated. In this review, we provide...
The widespread occurrence of feminized male fish downstream some UK Wastewater Treatment Works (WwTWs) has been associated with exposure to estrogenic and potentially antiandrogenic (AA) contaminants in the effluents. In this study, profiling AA WwTW effluents was conducted using HPLC combination vitro androgen receptor transcription screens. Analysis extracts wastewater revealed complex profiles activity comprising 21–53 fractions. Structures bioavailable antiandrogens were identified by...
Exposure to estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) induces a range of adverse effects, notably on reproduction and reproductive development. These responses are mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs). Different species fish may show differences in their responsiveness environmental estrogens but there is very limited understanding the underlying mechanisms accounting for these differences. We used custom developed vitro ERα reporter gene assays nine analyze ligand-...
Feminized responses are widespread in wild populations of roach, Rutilus rutilus, living UK rivers, and some these have been shown to arise as a consequence exposure wastewater treatment works (WwTW) effluent discharges the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) they contain. The causation ovotestis condition however, has yet be established. Furthermore, impact long-term WwTW effluents on reproductive fitness fish is not known, this information crucial for population level effect assessments....
Wild roach (Rutilus rutilus) inhabiting UK rivers contaminated with estrogenic effluents from wastewater treatment works show altered sexual development, including intersex, and this can impact negatively on their reproductive capabilities. The molecular events underlying these disruptions in gender assignment, however, are still poorly understood. In study, two isoforms of aromatase (cyp19a1a cyp19a1b) were cloned the roach, effects exposure to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) during early life...
The ability of targeted and nontargeted metabolomics to discover chronic ecotoxicological effects is largely unexplored. Fenitrothion, an organophosphate pesticide, categorized as a "red list" pollutant, being particularly hazardous aquatic life. It acts primarily cholinesterase inhibitor, but evidence suggests it can also act androgen receptor antagonist. Whole-organism fenitrothion-induced toxicity well-established, information regarding target off-target molecular toxicities limited. Here...
Organisms exposed to wastewater treatment works (WwTW) effluents accumulate complex mixtures of xenobiotics but there is a scarcity information on the nature and impacts these chemical mixtures. We applied metabolomics techniques as novel approach identify their metabolites (the xenometabolome) that bioconcentrate in fish WwTW effluent. Exposed juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) accumulated surfactants, naphthols, chlorinated xylenols, phenoxyphenols, chlorophenes, resin acids,...
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can elicit adverse effects on development, sexual differentiation, and reproduction in fish. Teleost species exhibit at least three subtypes of estrogen receptor (ESR), ESR1, ESR2a, ESR2b; thus, estrogenic signaling pathways are complex. We applied vitro reporter gene assays for ESRs five fish investigate the ESR subtype-specificity better understanding pathway EDCs. Responses bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol, o,p'-DDT varied among subtypes,...
Fish can be exposed to a complex mixture of chemical contaminants, including pharmaceuticals, present in discharges wastewater treatment works (WwTWs) effluents. There is little information on the effects effluent exposure fish metabolism, especially small molecule signaling compounds which are biological target many pharmaceuticals. We applied newly developed sensitive nanoflow-nanospray mass spectrometry nontargeted profiling technique identify changes exposome and metabolome roach...
In mammals, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) plays a key role in regulating various genes involved lipid metabolism, bile acid synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis, is activated by diverse group of compounds collectively termed proliferators (PPs). Specific PPs have been detected aquatic environment; however little known on their pharmacological activity fish. We investigated bioavailability persistence human PPARα ligand clofibric (CFA) carp, together with relevant...
Estrogens play fundamental roles in regulating reproductive activities and they act through estrogen receptor (ESR) all vertebrates. Most vertebrates have two ESR subtypes (ESR1 ESR2), whereas teleost fish at least three (Esr1, Esr2a Esr2b). Intricate functionalization has been suggested among the Esr subtypes, but to date, distinct of characterized only a limited number species. Study loss-of-function animal models is powerful tool for application understanding vertebrate biology. In...
Wild male roach (Rutilus rutilus) living in U.K. rivers contaminated with estrogenic effluents from wastewater treatment works show feminized responses and have a reduced reproductive capability, but the chemical causation of sexual disruption has not been established. Feminized were induced exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations pharmaceutical estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol, EE2 (up 4 ng/L), during early life (from fertilization 84 days post-hatch, dph), these effects signaled by...
Many factors have been considered in evaluations of the risk−benefit balance hormone replacement therapy (HRT), used for treating menopausal symptoms women, but not its potential risks environment. We investigated possible environmental health implications conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs), most common components HRT, including their discharge into environment, uptake, potency, and ability to induce biological effects wildlife. Influents effluents from four UK sewage treatment works (STWs),...
Fish in many surface freshwaters are exposed to a range of pharmaceuticals via wastewater treatment works effluent discharges. In mammals the pregnane X receptor (PXR) plays key role regulation suite genes involved drug biotransformation, but information on this response pathway fish is limited. Here we investigated effects exposure carp (Cyprinus carpio) primary hepatocytes human PXR agonist rifampicin (RIF) expression target phase I (cyp2k, cyp3a) and II (gstα, gstπ) metabolism...