A5010179013- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Animal health and immunology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
- Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
Issues Research
2016-2025
Agricultural Research Service
2013-2025
United States Department of Agriculture
2015-2025
University of Alabama at Birmingham
2025
University of Georgia
2019
Lubbock Christian University
2016
Texas A&M University System
2010-2015
Texas A&M University
2010
Texas A&M University – Kingsville
2009
The detrimental effects caused by stressors encountered animals during routine handling can pose economic problems for the livestock industry due to increased costs ultimately borne producer and consumer. Stress adversely affects key physiological processes of reproductive immune systems. In recent years stress responsiveness has been associated with cattle behavior, specifically temperament. Cattle more excitable temperaments, as measured chute score, pen exit velocity (flight speed),...
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect yeast supplementation on performance and health newly weaned receiving cattle. Weaned crossbred steers (n=184; initial BW=203±1 kg) were blocked by BW randomly assigned pen (4 pens/block; 5 6 animal/pen). Pens within a block 1 4 treatments (9 pens/treatment): 1) control (CON; no yeast); 2) live (LY; g/d per animal yeast), 3) cell wall (YCW; wall); 4) LY+YCW (5 LY YCW). Daily DMI recorded individual collected every 14 d for 56 d....
Crossbred steers (n = 180; 230 ± 6 kg) were fed during a 56-d receiving period to determine if supplementing chromium (Cr; KemTRACE Chromium Propionate 0.04%, Kemin Industries) would improve feedlot performance and health of newly-received cattle. A completely randomized block design (36 pens; 9 pens/treatment; 5 steers/pen) was used. premixes supplemented add 0 (Con), 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mg/kg Cr the total diet on DM basis. No differences detected d after first 14 feed. From 28, DMI (P 0.07)...
Abstract Holstein steers (n = 40; initial BW 84.9 ± 7.1 kg) were used to study the genesis of liver abscesses (LA) using an acidotic diet challenge with or without intraruminal bacterial inoculation. Steers housed in individual pens inside a barn and randomly assigned one three treatments: (1) low-starch control comprised primarily dry-rolled corn wet gluten feed (CON); (2) high-starch steam-flaked (AD); (3) plus inoculation Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. (9.8 × 108 colony forming units...
Our objectives were to develop and evaluate a model induce liver abscesses (LA) in cattle assess roles of Fusobacterium Salmonella on LA formation severity. Holstein steers (n = 40; initial BW 110 ± 12.0 kg) assigned randomly treatments 10 per treatment): (1) control diet (CON); (2) acidotic (AD); (3) AD plus inoculation necrophorum ssp. (8.81 × 1010 cfu/steer; ADFn); or (4) intraruminal F. cfu/steer) enterica Lubbock (1.52 1011 ADFS). On d 0, subjected 4 cycles where they fed the for 3 then...
This study was designed to determine the influence of temperament on endotoxin-induced changes in body temperature, sickness behavior, and stress hormone concentrations cattle. Brahman bulls were selected based score measured 28 d prior weaning. In dwelling recording devices used monitor rectal jugular catheters collect blood samples cortisol epinephrine before after LPS administration (0.5 μg/kg weight). Temperamental had lowest peak temperature behavior scores relative Calm Intermediate...
Crossbred steers (n = 20; 235 ± 4 kg) were fed for 53 d during a receiving period to determine if supplementing chromium (Cr; KemTRACE Chromium Propionate 0.04%, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA) would alter glucose or lipid metabolism of newly received cattle. premixes supplemented add 0 (Con) 0.2 mg/kg Cr the total diet on DM basis. Cattle fitted with jugular catheters 52. A tolerance test (GTT) and an insulin sensitivity (IST) conducted 53. Blood samples collected from –60 150 min...
Pain management and welfare are increasingly prevalent concerns within animal agriculture. Analgesics may alleviate pain inflammation associated with castration of beef cattle. This study was conducted to elucidate the effects surgical on acute inflammatory response immunomodulation whether concurrent oral administration meloxicam (1 mg/kg BW) would alter these responses. On d -1, crossbred bull calves ( = 30; initial BW 227.4 ± 10.3 kg) were fitted indwelling jugular catheters rectal...
Abstract This study was conducted to determine if feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) calves would alter the acute phase response lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Crossbred steer [n = 32; 274 ± 1.9 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly allotted two treatment diets for 21 d: 1) control, fed RAMP (Cargill, Dalhart, TX) and 2) SCFP, control ration supplemented with NaturSafe at 12 g/hd/d mixed into TMR (NaturSafe, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA). On day 22, steers fitted...
Interrelationships among growth, endocrine, immune, and temperament variables were assessed in neonatal Brahman calves. The velocity upon exiting a working chute (exit velocity) of an animal was measured used as objective indicator to classify calves calm, intermediate, or temperamental. Calves (n = 116) weighed weekly between d 0 21 24, blood samples collected for plasma serum on 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, 24 after birth measure concentrations immunoglobulins, cortisol, epinephrine (EPI). Body weight...
A study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding yeast cell wall (YCW) products on physiological and acute phase responses crossbred, newly-received feedlot heifers an endotoxin challenge. Heifers ( n = 24; 219 ± 2.4 kg) were separated into treatment groups receiving either a control diet 8), YCW-A (2.5 g/heifer/d; 8) or YCW-C fed for 52 d. On d 37 challenged i.v. with LPS (0.5 µg/kg body mass) blood samples collected from −2 h 8 again at 24 relative There increase in vaginal...
This study examined the effect of feeding yeast cell wall (YCW) products on metabolic responses newly-received feedlot cattle to an endotoxin challenge. Heifers were separated into treatment groups receiving either a Control diet, YCW-A or YCW-C, and fed for 52 d. weighed d 0, 14, 36, 38 52. On 37 heifers challenged i.v. with LPS [0.5 µg/kg body weight (BW)] blood samples collected relative Heifer BW increased from 0 36 52, but was not affected by treatment. Post-LPS, glucose concentrations...
Beef bull calves (n = 62) were assigned randomly, within sire breed, to 1 of 4 treatments at birth. Treatments 1) surgical castration near birth, 2) birth with oral administration meloxicam (1 mg/kg BW), 3) weaning (WNG), or 4) BW; WMX). A subset 7/treatment group) selected randomly for blood collection, behavioral analyses, and rectal temperature (RT) records a 7-d postcastration period on d 0 (birth), 1, 3, 7, 214 (weaning), + 6 h, 215, 217, 221, 228. Calf standing lying activity monitored...
Abstract The objective was to evaluate growth performance and carcass traits of finishing beef heifers sourced finished in different regions the U.S. Heifers [n = 190; initial body weight (BW) 483 ± 0.4 kg 425 1.9 for SD TX sourced, respectively] were used a 2 × factorial arrangement origin state (SD vs. TX) used. allotted on d -1 to: 1) from (SD-SD), 2) (SD-TX), 3) (TX-SD), 4) (TX-TX). weighed -1, 3, 15, 28, 56, 78 (TX-TX SD-TX) 90 (SD-SD TX-SD). On 0, SD-TX TX-SD shipped their respective...
Gastrointestinal immunity and antioxidant defenses may be bolstered in young animals through prenatal immune system stimulation (PIS), but this is largely uninvestigated swine. This study tested the hypothesis that PIS could regulate offspring's gastrointestinal response oxidative stress profile. To end, a model was utilized sows, delivering low-dose LPS during final third of gestation to target developing system. On day 78±1.8 gestation, 14 Camborough sows (parity = 2.6±1.4) received either...