At the planning of combined heat and power (CHP)-based micro-grid, its distributed energy resources (DER) capacity is to be selected deployed in such a way that it becomes economically self-sufficient cater all loads system without utility's participation. Economic deployment DERs meant select optimal locations, sizes, technologies. Optimal locations which are independent CHP-based types, selected, here, by loss sensitivity index (LSI) minimization using particle swarm optimization (PSO)...

Optimal deployment, with respect to locations, capacity sizes, and types of distributed energy resources (DERs), which are the main components in a microgrid system, chosen for study this paper. For selection optimal locations DERs, loss sensitivity index each bus is taken into account. Whereas size its separation among microturbines, diesel generators combustion turbines at location performed on basis maximum benefit-to-cost ratio owner, obtained by using particle swarm optimization...

Microgrid comprises an interconnection of various low voltage, small-scale distributed generators (DGs), energy storage devices and controllable loads interfaced through fast acting power electronic in isolated remote area as islanding operation where conventional grid is not available. Combined heat (CHP) produced by DGs may be utilized the local market making microgrid most efficient economic. Like deregulation regime market, multi agent generator providers also considered to make equal...

Distributed Energy Resource (DER) technology (e.g. microturbine, fuel cell) has greatly been advanced in recent years. These DERs are often used as the main components of a CHP-microgrid system and may be called CHP-based DER. can provide power heat with reliability quality tailored to requirements end-users. As deregulation regime is penetrating more into electricity market, competition among IPPs becoming acute. To sustain this cost generation reduced, not only using modern DER but also,...

Micro grid is an epitome of a macro but works in low voltage comprising various small-distributed energy resources (DERs), storage devices, and controllable loads being interfaced through fast acting power electronic devices. Combined heat (CHP) produced by DERs are utilized the local market where Grid operates either island mode or grid-connected mode. The CHP operation makes most efficient economic. Like deregulation regime market, multi agent generator providers may be considered to make...

Energy management of CHP-based microgrid is largely dependent on optimal deployment distributed energy resources (DERs), where bus-locations, capacity-sizes, and types are three major points to be considered in a planning. Investment O&M cost, including fuel solely DERs. Present paper searches way-out how electrical tracking demand economically shared between micro-turbines diesel generators the basis multi-objective optimization cost as well emission 4-DER 14-bus radial microgrids....

Microgrids comprise a network of small scale distributed energy resources (DERs) like fuel cells, micro turbines, PV arrays and wind turbine etc. storage devices. Current deregulation regime is encouraging open competition amongst the small/medium utility service providers in providing quality reliable 'clean' power to customers at an economic rate. Economic production related higher operational efficiency generating distribution systems. In reforming process, taxes penalties imposed on...

In the present paper software Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) is used to optimal design and analyze a domestic power system which includes grid connected solar photovoltaic (PV) based along with battery storage supply single residential load located near Siliguri, West Bengal (with latitude longitude of 26°72'N 88° 41'E respectively). this context, analyses have been carried out in two modes — standalone. The simulation results obtained are mainly on cost energy,...

Issues like restructuring of power markets, fossil fuel shortage and environmental pollution are encouraging higher penetration solar PV in the LV residential system. This paper presents a case study on 2 kW grid connected system without battery storage, being located near Siliguri Darjeeling District (West Bengal). The latitude longitude area 26° 72'N 88° 41'E respectively. Both economic, payback period, as well analyses have been performed under optimal energy output condition compared...

ABSTRACT: The use of dilute acid (H2SO4, 3%) and alkali (NaOH, pretreatment methods has some potential how ever to date, these effectively increase ethanol production municipal solid waste (MSW). Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out with Aspergillus niger, fumigatus Trichoderma reesei. Finally, the fermentation done by sugar three ethanologenic yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pichia stipitis, canida shehatae for bioethanol production.The highest yield (22.32%) v/v. obtained a...

Generation disruption is associated with poor quality of power as it causes both frequency and voltage reductions at its severity, hampers reliability supply to the customers. Improving (PQR) may become key benefit micro-grid if generation adequacy properly addressed planning stage. Again, higher level requires system reinforcements, which could, in turn, result customer rates. A best possible trade-off required stage between cost reliability. Present paper uses LOLP, LOEP FAD probabilistic...

Sir, Here, we describe the feasibility of buried strip along with tunica vaginalis flap (TVF) in urethroplasty without tubularization distal penile hypospadias bad plates. PROCEDURE The Institute Ethical Committee approved to study files 72 children [Table 1]. "U-" shaped incision was made encompassing both hypospadiac meatus, and on sides so-called plate or tissue intended be urethra (TITBU). Distal margins "cleft meatus" create a rectangular TITBU[1] separated from rest skin after...

Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR), recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI), febrile (FUTI), renal scarring, and damage are intimately related. Key factors of in VUR suspected to be RUTI FUTI. Hence, conventional treatments targeted toward the prevention However, literatures have witnessed that control is not sufficient enough. That means we missing some hidden, enigmatic, or overlooked which essentially responsible for damage. We know occurs from stasis urine system might occur obstruction...

Distributed energy resource (DER) units are connected to the trunk feeder of micro-grid by different types switches. Isolator and circuit breaker two such options as switching devices. In this paper, authors investigate how these switches influence customer interruption cost (CIC) a 6-bus radial micro-grid. context, they assess reliability system using indices SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI, ASAI, ASUI EUE. Also, maximization benefit-to-cost ratio (BCR) arising from reduction due above connections,...

A hardware-efficient algorithm for fast fault-detection in feeders radiating out of a distribution substation and its subsequent clearance from the system safe operation healthy parts has been presented paper. State diagrams used to design circuit.The general purpose SPARTANE 3AN FPGA kit employed developing protective over-current relay. All coding done using hardware description language VERILOG. To avoid malfunctioning due transient over-currents, delay-logic built-in relay operation. The...

<p>A microgrid is required to provide reliable, quality and efficient supply of both electricity heat demands its customers when operates either in autonomous or grid-connected modes. In this context, it most important address a comprehensive protection scheme the suiting modes operations. This paper concentrates on impacts various devices, like distributed energy resources (DERs), transformers, switches, topology, communication type, grounding name few, systems. The reviewes previous...