Millets are climate-resistant, potential alternatives to wheat that could provide environmental, food security, and health benefits (e.g., lower glycemic index). However, millets high in phytic acid, which reduces the bioavailability of essential minerals. often fermented Africa parts Asia improve and, thus, nutritional value, but both unfermented may have flavors unfamiliar Western cultures. We conducted two pilot studies on sensory perception liking whole grain, United States pearl millet...

Humans seek to eat what is palatable, especially when snacking. Theoretically, a person who enjoys sweet taste more may choose snacks with higher sugar and calories, leading lower overall diet quality, yet individual eating behavior traits interfere this relationship. We investigated the influences of preference (assessed using forced-choice paired-comparison method) behaviors (i.e., uncontrolled eating, emotional cognitive restraint Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18) on quality added...

Sweetness drives the consumption of added sugars, so understanding how to best measure sweet hedonics is important for developing strategies lower sugar intake. However, methods assess hedonic response sweetness vary, making results across studies difficult integrate. We compared optimal sucrose concentration in 21 healthy adults (1) using paired-comparison preference tracking vs. ratings liking, (2) with participants laboratory at home, and (3) aqueous solutions vanilla milk. Tests were...

The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how formed critical step in devising strategies to lower sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic environmental factors mostly based conducted with individuals European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized people other ancestry groups warrants investigation.

The ratio of calcium to magnesium (Ca: Mg) intake has gained immense attention in recent years, since a above 2:1 been associated with increased risk metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders. objective this study was assess Ca: Mg ratios across age groups determine the relationship between markers inflammation. Adult men women, 18 60 years age, completed demographic form, food frequency questionnaire questionnaire. In subset individuals, biochemical assays were for inflammation...

Magnesium (Mg) intake is an important indication of individual’s Mg status, but no validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess currently exists. The purpose this study was develop and investigate the validity a semi-quantitative (MgFFQ) against 14-day diary average daily intakes. In cross-sectional study, 135 adults aged 18 75 completed 33-item MgFFQ their Coefficients variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and/or Spearman’s rank coefficient tests were used determine...

Background: Bone-regulating hormones and nutrients play an important role in influencing metabolic health. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether bone-regulating nutrients, such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), magnesium (Mg) could be used characterize the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype. Methods: This included 27 overweight or participants (14 men/13 women) classified MHO ( n = 14) unhealthy (MUO) 13) based on presence absence...

High prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and poor bone health in ethnic minorties may stem from differences body composition alterations endocrine milieu. South Asian Indians (SAIs) are at greater risk for syndrome (MetS) than Caucasians. Often these reported later life and/or a resident immigrant population compared to Caucasian population. In this study, we determined whether vitamin D status, bone, differed young SAIs Notably amongst recent SAI immigrants

Over-consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with obesity and related conditions, but low-calorie alternatives are rejected by most consumers. Individual differences in sensitivity to off tastes sweeteners (LCS) have been considered as a factor consumer choice. However, potential adaptation, i.e., the tendency for sweetness wane repeated sips, has received less attention. This study measured adaption sugar two LCS same sample healthy adults determine if there stable individual...

Millet is a nutritious, climate-resistant, and low water-demand grain. It rich in essential minerals, but also contains high concentrations of phytic acid, an antinutrient. Fermentation can decrease acid may generate flavors unfamiliar to U.S. consumers the context grain products. This preliminary study explored effects fermentation on liking bread models. Bread was made with 100% whole-wheat flour (control), partial substitution (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% 50%) unfermented fermented (for 96 hours)...

Sweetness drives consumption of added sugars, so understanding how individuals differ is important for developing strategies to lower sugar intake. However, methods assess hedonic response sweetness vary, making results across studies difficult integrate. We compared measure optimal sucrose concentration in 21 healthy adults (1) using paired-comparison preference tracking vs. ratings liking, (2) with participants the laboratory at home, and (3) aqueous solutions vanilla milk. Tests were...

The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) estimates the diet quality, and low HEI scores are associated with adverse bone outcomes. However, relationship between health in individuals who obese but otherwise healthy or comorbidities remains unclear.

Background: Obesity is a major public health issue in the United States (U.S.), affecting an estimated 78 million US adults. Aerobic exercise (AE) recommended by American College of Sports Medicine to prevent and treat obesity, yet effects AE on circulating hunger hormones including acylated ghrelin its biological catalyst, o-acyltransferase (GOAT) are less known. Objectives: We investigated concentrations appetite regulating GOAT pilot sample adults classified with normal weight (NW) obese...

Abstract Background The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how formed critical step in devising strategies to lower sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic environmental factors mostly based conducted with individuals European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized people other ancestry groups warrants investigation. Methods We will determine differences allele frequencies...

The term Metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype has been used to describe those who present with a benign metabolic profile despite excess adiposity. These individuals are but either completely free of abnormalities or have less than three components syndrome. Previous studies suggest that bone regulating hormones and nutrients, such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), estrogen, osteocalcin, vitamin D, calcium magnesium (Mg) influence overall energy metabolism. In...

Abstract Objectives Adequate magnesium (Mg) status has been shown to be associated with improved cardiometabolic health. Magnesium is commonly assessed by measuring serum concentrations of Mg in clinical settings; however, ionized (iMg) a better indicator bioavailable status. Few researchers have iMg as measure due difficulties sample preparation and storage. Furthermore, the influence on health scarce. The objective this study was investigate whether changes induced supplementation may...

The incidence rate of metabolic syndrome is higher in South Asian Indians (SAI) and generally accompanied by changes calcitropic hormones. Typically, these findings are reported middle age or older adults data a younger population scarce. purpose the study was to analyze differences hormones markers Indian Caucasian men between 21–41 years were recruited for this study. Anthropometric measurements such as weight (kg), height (cm) waist circumference obtained. An 8-hour fasting blood sample...

Elevated serum parathyroid hormone concentration (sPTH) is associated with higher prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. The objective this study was to examine the differences in parameters overweight or obese (Owt/Ob) individuals categorized into a low and high PTH group. A total 116 Owt/Ob men women body mass index (BMI) between 24.7 43.2 kg/m2 ages 20 70 years participated study. Blood samples were obtained for analyses sPTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s25OHD), ionized magnesium (iMg),...