Euthanasia of laboratory animals must be performed by trained personnel using appropriate techniques, equipment, and reagents in order to effect a death that is humane satisfies research requirements. Acceptable methods euthanasia are painless or minimize distress, quick easy perform, safe for those performing the procedure, efficient economic. They aesthetically acceptable done absence other animals. In addition, these do not result gross histological histochemical changes would adversely...

A continuous femoral nerve block (cFNB) involves the percutaneous insertion of a catheter adjacent to nerve, followed by local anesthetic infusion, improving analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Portable infusion pumps allow continuation hospital discharge, raising possibility decreasing hospitalization duration. We therefore used multicenter, randomized, triple-masked, placebo-controlled study design test primary hypothesis that 4-day ambulatory cFNB decreases time until each...

A promising design of fluid actuators for flow control is investigated. Two-dimensional, incompressible simulations synthetic jet are performed. modeled boundary condition developed the actuator. Three different velocity distributions along orifice examined and all three give qualitatively similar features. Both laminar turbulent jets Results show very good agreement with experimental measurements. develops, even though no net mass introduced. Pairs counterrotating vortices observed near...

A pressure measurement technique based on a photoluminescent coating is being developed and used for aerodynamic applications. Visible light excites probe molecules in the paint their luminescence related to static pressure. Details of illumination, detection, data reduction this are presented. These include key issues such as temperature effects, camera calibration, model movement. Results from variety flowfields given. Comparisons with pressures measured using standard wall taps show good agreement

Nonopioid management of postsurgical pain remains a major unmet need. Few studies have evaluated transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 agonists for analgesia after surgery. This study examines intraoperative vocacapsaicin, novel prodrug the agonist capsaicin, in validated model pain.

This unit describes the techniques for following routes of injection mice, rats, hamsters and rabbits: intramuscular, intradermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal, footpad, intrathymic. Guidelines are also given regarding volumes temperatures, use proper restraints.

Experimental results are presented that reveal key features of the large-scale organized structures in a supersonic, turbulent boundary layer. Measurements were obtained Mach 3 zero-pressure-gradient layer using crossed-wire probe and arrays normal hot wires with vertical, spanwise, streamwise separations ranging from 0.1 to 0.6δ. Space–time correlation indicate existence size comparable δ, spanwise extent only slightly less than vertical scale. The convection velocity motions is nearly...

From November 1970 to August 1974 small intestinal bypass was performed in 475 patients for morbid obesity with an operative mortality of 1.6%. Immediate postoperative complications were superficial wound infection (17 patients), pulmonary (seven cardiac (five dehiscence (nine tract fistula (four and miscellaneous (14 patients). Delayed included hypokalemia (28%), hypocalcemia (9%), anemia (11%), calcium oxalate urinary calculi (6%), gout (2%), hepatic failure (1.4%). Fourteen died late...

This paper reports an experimental investigation of the instantaneous structure a supersonic turbulent boundary layer ( M = 2.86, Re θ 82000) over short region longitudinal concave surface curvature. The radius curvature was 12 initial boundary-layer thicknesses and turning angle 16°. Severe distortion occurred, as evidenced by alteration mean velocity profiles increase in wall shear stress 125%. large-scale organized motions were significantly altered illustrated changes character mass flux...

Abstract Blood is most frequently sampled for evaluation of serum antibodies or analysis surface markers on peripheral blood cells. The protocols offered in this unit describe collection from the orbital sinus plexus mouse, rat, hamster. With appropriate techniques, small amounts can be obtained with little ill effect animal. Collection auricular vein artery rabbit also relatively unstressful to Bleeding procedures that should performed anesthetized animal include mouse axillary plexus,...

<h3>Background:</h3> Previously, we have demonstrated that extending a continuous femoral nerve block (cFNB) from overnight to 4 days after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) provides clear benefits during the infusion, but not subsequent catheter removal. However, there were major limitations in generalizing results of investigation, and subsequently performed very similar study using multicenter format, with many health care providers, patients on general orthopedic wards, thus greatly...

Anesthetic agents are used in laboratory animals to prevent pain or distress due an experimental procedure for restraint facilitate a technically difficult procedure. This unit provides three basic protocols: injectable anesthesia mouse, rat, and hamster; inhalant using methoxyflurane ketamine/xylazine rabbit. An Alternate Protocol describes sedation butorphanol/acetylpromazine the The Commentary further compares these methods of various applications.

Abstract For the safety of handler and animal, proper methods for handling restraining laboratory animals should be followed. Improper can result in increased stress injury to animal. In addition, risks from bite wounds or scratches inflicted when animal becomes fearful anxious. By using sure, direct movements with a determined attitude, easily handled restrained. Animals restrained either manually plastic restrainer. The protocols this unit describe manual restraint mice, rats, hamsters,...

Abstract Vocacapsaicin is a novel prodrug of trans‐capsaicin (trans‐8‐methyl‐ N ‐vanillyl‐6‐nonenamide) being developed as nonopioid, long‐lasting, site‐specific treatment for postsurgical pain management. The objective these studies was to examine the safety and tolerability vocacapsaicin in an osteotomy model two animal species evaluate bone healing parameters. Rats undergoing unilateral femoral received single perioperative administration (by instillation) (vehicle, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mg/kg)....

A pressure measurement technique based on a photoluminescent coating is being developed and used for aerodynamic applications. Visible light excites probe molecules in the paint their luminescence related to static pressure. Details of illumination, detection, data reduction this are presented. These include key issues such as temperature effects, camera calibration, model movement. Results from variety flowfields given. Comparisons with pressures measured using standard wall taps show good agreement

Euthanasia of laboratory animals must be performed by trained personnel using appropriate techniques, equipment, and reagents in order to effect a death that is humane satisfies research requirements. Acceptable methods euthanasia are painless or minimize distress, quick easy perform, safe for those performing the procedure, efficient economic. They aesthetically acceptable done absence other animals. In addition, these do not result gross histological histochemical changes would adversely...

GRMOLJEZ, PAUL F. M.D.; DONOVAN, JOHN WILLMAN, VALLEE L. M.D. Author Information

This unit describes the techniques for following routes of injection mice, rats, hamsters and rabbits: intramuscular, intradermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal, footpad, intrathymic. Guidelines are also given regarding volumes temperatures, use proper restraints.

Objectives. Although numerous studies have looked at the numeric rating scale (NRS) in chronic pain patients and several evaluated objective scales, no known assessed an for use evaluation of adult outpatient setting. Subjective scales require to convert a subjective feeling into quantitative number. Meanwhile, utilize, most part, patient’s behavioral component as observed by provider addition perception pain. This study aims examine reliability validity Chronic Pain Behavioral Scale Adults...

To develop a detailed understanding of the effect Lorentz force actuator in sea water, both experiments and numerical simulations an isolated with no mean flow are conducted. The actuator, comprised pair magnets electrodes that produce volumetric body force, is placed vessel containing uniform water/electrolyte solution. Particle image velocimetry laser-sheet visualization used to illustrate induced at different orientations laser sheet. Simulations also performed static solution same...