The earlier stage of the polymerization reaction polyaniline has been studied employing in situ spectroelectrochemical techniques. results indicate that nitrene cation appears to be a key intermediate species, which leads all three possible dimers including head‐to‐tail dimer (N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine), tail‐to‐tail (benzidine), and head‐to‐head (hydrazobenzene). oxidized forms these were shown capable growing presence aniline, even though aniline was not oxidized. cyclic voltammetric...

An EDTA bonded conducting polymer modified electrode (EDTA-CPME) was fabricated by polymerization of 3',4'-diamino-2,2';5',2''-terthiophene monomer on a GCE, followed the reaction with in presence catalyst. The surface resulting characterized EQCM, ESCA, SEM, Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning microscopy, and electrochemical methods. amounts attached film were determined. Simple immersing EDTA-CPME into sample solution led to chemical deposition through complexation Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ ions,...

The functionalized conducting polymer (CP) of 5, 2':5', 2' '-terthiophene-3'-carboxylic acid on a platinum microelectrode was prepared through the electropolymerization process using cyclic voltammetry and used as substrate for immobilization enzymes. nanoparticles CP were obtained at high scan rate in voltammetric experiment. A needle-type amperometric glutamate microbiosensor based covalent oxidase (GlOx) onto layer fabricated vivo measurements. surfaces CP/Pt GlOx/CP/Pt characterized by...

Au nanoparticles-doped conducting polymer nanorods electrodes (AuNPs/CPNEs) were prepared by coating (AuNRs) with a layer. The AuNRs through an electroless deposition method using the polycarbonate membrane (pore diameter, 50 nm, pore density, 6 × 108 pores/cm2) as template. AuNPs/CPNEs combining catalytic activity of ferrocene to ascorbic acid used for fabrication ultrasensitive aptamer sensor thrombin detection. AuNPs/3D-CPNEs characterized employing cyclic voltammetry (CV), X-ray...

Abstract A potentiometric immunosensor for the label‐free detection of bisphenol (BPA) was developed by covalently immobilizing a polyclonal antibody (PAb) onto surface carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC‐COOH) membrane. The characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. immobilization PAb its interaction with antigen (Ag) BPA were also confirmed quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies....

Abstract Direct electrochemistry of cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) immobilized on the conductive poly‐3′,4′‐diamine‐2,2′,5′,2″‐terthiophene (PDATT) was achieved and used to create a biosensor. A well‐defined redox peak observed, corresponding direct electron transfer FAD/FADH 2 ChOx, rate constant ( k s ) determined be 0.75 −1 . Glutathione (GSH) covalently bonded with PDATT as matrix for conjugating AuNPs, MP, simultaneously. MP co‐immobilized ChOx AuNPs‐GSH/PDATT exhibited an excellent...

Top-contact bottom-gate thin film transistors (TFTs) with zinc-rich indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO) active layer were prepared at room temperature by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Sintered ceramic target was and used for deposition from powder mixture having the molar ratio of In2O3:ZnO:SnO2 = 2:5:1. Annealing treatment carried out as-deposited films various temperatures to investigate its effect on TFT performances. It found that annealing 350 °C 30 min in air atmosphere yielded best...

Model biomembranes composed of poly-DATT/DGS/POPA and poly-DATT/DGS/CL were separately prepared on gold electrodes. A monolayer 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-succinate (DGS) was covalently bonded onto electrochemically grown poly-(3,4-diamiono-2,2:5,2-terthiophene) (DATT) layers (thickness ∼300 nm; particle size ∼50 to 70 nm). The numbers unit molecules the poly-DATT layer DGS immobilized 1.53 × 10-7 1.56 10-9 mol cm-2, respectively, using a quartz crystal microbalance technique. lipid bilayers...

A CE microsystem coupled with a microchip and copper–(3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (Cu–MPS) complex-modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was developed for the simultaneous analysis of nitrite nitrate. The method is based on electrocatalytic reduction both analytes modified electrode. Cu–MPS complex characterized by voltammetric, XPS, FT-IR analyses. Experimental parameters affecting sensitivity were assessed optimized. best separation achieved in 60 mm channel filled 20 mM acetate...

Abstract A xanthine biosensor was fabricated by the covalent immobilization of oxidase (XO) onto a functionalized conducting polymer (Poly‐5, 2′: 5′, 2″‐terthiophine‐3‐carboxylic acid), poly‐TTCA through formation amide bond between carboxylic acid groups and amine enzyme. The XO (XO/poly‐TTCA) characterized using cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. direct electron transfer immobilized at found to be quasireversible rate...

Enhanced stability and sensitivity of a superoxide anion radical (O(2)(•-)) microbiosensor were achieved through the sequential immobilization lipid cytochrome c (Cyt c) covalently bonded onto conducting polymer layer that showed clear quasi-reversible direct electron transfer (DET) process. The formal potential apparent standard rate constant determined to be -0.24 V 0.62 ± 0.05 s(-1), respectively. detection O(2)(•-) was attained catalytic activity haem group Cyt stabilized by...

A solid-state reference electrode (SSRE) was fabricated by layering a silicone rubber (SR) film containing KCl on an AgCl surface, then perfluorinated ionomer film, and finally polyurethane-based membrane ionophore, lipophilic ionic additive, plasticizer, respectively. The addition of SiCl4 to the layer enhanced strength in aqueous solution. morphologies membranes were studied separately SEM. fabrication Ag/AgCl through this layer-by-layer polymer coating improved stability enormously. In...

A water sensor for a nonaqueous solvent was fabricated using poly(1,5-diaminonapthalene (DAN) nanofibers, which were prepared through catalytic chemical polymerization of the DAN monomer Fe(III) salt as catalyst. Poly(1,5-DAN) nanofibers characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM), transmission electron (TEM), scanning (SEM), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties poly(1,5-DAN) investigated cyclic voltammetry (CV). activity utilized sensing. fabrication followed placing...

<TEX>$Zn_2Ti_{1-x}Fe_xO_4\;(0\;{\leq}\;x\;{\leq}\;0.7)$</TEX> photocatalysts were synthesized by polymerized complex (PC) method and investigated for its physico-chemical as well optical properties. <TEX>$Zn_2Ti_{1-x}Fe_xO_4$</TEX> can absorb not only UV light but also visible region due to doping of Fe in the Ti site <TEX>$Zn_2TiO_4$</TEX> lattice because band transition from 3d + Ti3d hybrid orbital. The photocatalytic activity doped samples hydrogen production under irradiation decreased...