The inter-lamellar connectivity of the annulus fibrosus in intervertebral disc has been shown to affect prediction overall behaviour computational models. Using a combined experimental and approach, mechanical was investigated under conditions radial loading. Twenty-seven specimens anterior were dissected from 12 discs taken four frozen ovine thoracolumbar spines. Specimens grouped depending on their provenance within fibrosus. Standard tensile tests performed. In addition, micro-tensile...

Subject-specific finite element models of knee joint contact mechanics are used in assessment interventions and disease states. Cartilage thickness distribution is one factor influencing the pressure. Precision cartilage geometry capture varies between imaging protocols. This work evaluated precision needed for prediction tibiofemoral by comparing model outputs to experimental measurements three cadaveric specimens. Models with location-specific were compared those a uniform thickness, fixed...

Abstract Finite element studies of the tibiofemoral joint have increased use in research, with attention often placed on material models. Few assess effect meniscus modelling assumptions image-based models contact mechanics outcomes. This work aimed to knee and kinematics. A sensitivity analysis was performed using three specimen-specific one generic model. The representing attachment tibia (shape roots position attachment), properties meniscus, shape alignment were evaluated, creating 40...

The development of current surgical treatments for intervertebral disc damage could benefit from virtual environment accounting population variations. For such models to be reliable, a relevant description the mechanical properties different tissues and their role in functional mechanics is major importance. aims this work were first assess physiological hoop strain annulus fibrosus fresh conditions ( n = 5) order extract behaviour extrafibrillar matrix; then reverse-engineer fibrillar 6)....

The complex motion and geometry of the spine in cervical region makes it difficult to determine how loads are distributed through adjacent vertebrae or between zygapophysial (facet) joints intervertebral disc. Validated finite element modes can give insight on this distribution. aim contribution was produce direct validation subject-specific models Functional Spinal Units (FSU׳s) evaluate importance including fibre directionality mechanical description annulus fibrosus. Eight specimens FSU׳s...

The purpose of this work was to propose an enhancement Doblaré and García's internal bone remodelling model based on the continuum damage mechanics (CDM) theory. In their paper, they stated that evolution variables microstructure, its incidence modification elastic constitutive parameters, may be formulated following principles CDM, although no actual considered. resorption apposition criteria (similar criterion) were expressed in terms a mechanical stimulus. However, criterion is lacking...

Subject-specific finite element models could improve decision making in canine long-bone fracture repair. However, it preliminary requires that predicting the mechanical response of long bone are proposed and validated. We present here a combined experimental-numerical approach to test ability subject-specific predict bending seven pairs humeri directly from medical images. Our results show stiffness yield load predicted with mean absolute error 10.1% (±5.2%) for 14 samples. This study...

Significant alterations to subchondral trabecular bone microarchitecture are observed in late-stage osteoarthritis (OA). However, detailed investigation of these changes the ankle under-reported. This study aimed fully characterise morphology OA specimens compared non-diseased (ND) controls using both standard and individual-trabecular segmentation-based (ITS) analyses. Ten ND tibial were extracted from three cadaveric ankles, as well five patients undergoing total arthroplasty surgery. Each...

Image-based continuum-level finite element models have been used for bones to evaluate fracture risk and the biomechanical effects of diseases therapies, capturing both geometry tissue mechanical properties. Although vertebrae various species developed, an inter-species comparison has not yet investigated. The purpose this study was derive species-specific modelling methods compare accuracy image-based across species. Vertebral specimens were harvested from porcine (N = 12), ovine 13) bovine...

SUMMARY Finite element (FE) models accurately compute the mechanical response of bone and bone‐like materials when include their detailed microstructure. In order to simulate non‐linear behavior, which currently is only feasible at expense extremely high computational costs, coarser can be used if local morphology has been linked apparent behavior. The aim this paper implement validate such a constitutive law. This law able capture structural behavior through use fabric tensors. It also...

Impingement resulting in soft tissue damage has been observed hips with abnormal morphologies. Geometric parameterisation can be used to automatically generate a range of bone geometries for use computational models, including femurs cam deformity on the femoral neck.This study verified patient-specific parametric finite element models 20 patients (10 female, 10 male) through comparison their segmentation-based equivalents. The system was then further parametrically defined geometry...

The aims of this study were to assess the damage and failure strengths lamellar fibrous tissues, such as anterior annulus fibrosus (AF), develop a mathematical model propagation lamellae inter-lamellar connections. This level modelling is needed accurately predict effect induced by trauma or clinical interventions. 26 ovine AF cuboid specimens from 11 lumbar intervertebral discs tested in radial tension mechanical parameters defining extracted in-vitro data. Equivalent 1D analytical models...

Abstract Abnormal bony morphology is a factor implicated in hip joint soft tissue damage and an increased lifetime risk of osteoarthritis. Standard 2‐dimensional radiographic measurements for diagnosis deformities, such as cam deformities on the femoral neck, do not capture full geometry are indicative symptomatic damage. In this study, 3‐dimensional geometric parameterisation system was developed to key variations femur acetabulum subjects with clinically diagnosed deformity. The performed...

Tissue-level properties of bone play an important role when characterising apparent-level biomechanical behaviour and yet little is known about its effect at this hierarchical level. In combination with trabecular morphological data these can be used to predict strength, which becomes invaluable tool for clinicians in patient treatment planning. This study developed specimen-specific micro-finite element (μFE) models using validated continuum-level models, containing grayscale-derived...

Finite element modelling of the spinal unit is a promising preclinical tool to assess biomechanical outcome emerging interventions. Currently, most models are calibrated and validated against range motion rarely directly soft-tissue deformation. The aim this contribution was develop an in vitro methodology measure disc bulge ability different specimen-specific approaches predict bulge. Bovine bone-disc-bone sections (N = 6) were prepared with 40 glass markers on intervertebral surface. These...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic rheumatic disease worldwide with knee OA having an estimated lifetime risk of approximately 14%. Autologous osteochondral grafting has demonstrated positive outcomes in some patients, however, understanding biomechanical function and how treatments can be optimised remains limited. Increased short-term stability grafts allows cartilage surfaces to remain congruent prior graft integration. In this study methods for generating specimen specific...