A5076709710- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Food composition and properties
- Digestive system and related health
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Proteins in Food Systems
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Sports Performance and Training
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Nuclear Structure and Function
Cork University Hospital
2023
Abbott (United States)
2013-2020
Abbott Nutrition (United States)
2013-2020
Ross Laboratories (United States)
2016
Abbott (United Kingdom)
2014
University of Virginia Health System
2013
Duke University Hospital
2008-2011
Duke Medical Center
2008-2011
University of Virginia
2008-2011
Cardiovascular Research Center
2008-2009
Durable spore-forming probiotics are increasingly formulated into foods, beverages, and dietary supplements. To help meet this demand, the safety efficacy of daily supplementation Bacillus subtilis BS50 for 6 weeks was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial 76 healthy adults. Before during supplementation, gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded using multi-symptom questionnaire. Clinical chemistry, hematology, plasma lipids, intestinal...
Sarcomeric α-actinins (α-actinin-2 and -3) are a major component of the Z-disk in skeletal muscle, where they crosslink actin other structural proteins to maintain an ordered myofibrillar array. Homozygosity for common null polymorphism (R577X) ACTN3 results absence fast fiber-specific α-actinin-3 ∼20% general population. α-Actinin-3 deficiency is associated with decreased force generation detrimental sprint power performance elite athletes, suggesting that necessary optimal forceful...
Bacterial spore-forming Bacillaceae species, including Bacillus subtilis and Heyndrickxia coagulans, are increasingly utilized for probiotic dietary supplementation. velezensis is a species that frequently used as direct-fed microbial in animal feed but less so humans. The objective of this study was to characterize the suitability strain BV379 applications by (1) silico screening both adverse genetic elements putatively beneficial traits, (2) vitro evaluation interactions with human...
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) binds and inhibits activation of the critical muscle transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2). However, physiological significance HDAC4-MEF2 complex in skeletal has not been established. Here we show that muscle, HDAC4 is a modulator MEF2-dependent structural contractile gene expression response to neural activity. We present evidence loss input leads concomitant nuclear accumulation transcriptional reduction MEF2-regulated expression. Cell-based...
Despite the commercial rise of probiotics containing Bacillaceae spp., it remains important to assess safety each strain before clinical testing. Herein, we performed preclinical analyses address Bacillus subtilis BS50. Using in silico analyses, screened 4.15 Mbp BS50 genome for genes encoding known toxins, secondary metabolites, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. We also assessed effects lysates on viability permeability cultured human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). found...
Mammalian skeletal muscles exhibit age-related adaptive and pathological remodeling. Several in particular undergo progressive atrophy degeneration beyond median lifespan. To better understand myocellular responses to aging, we used semi-quantitative global metabolomic profiling characterize trends metabolic changes between 15-month-old adult 32-month-old aged Fischer 344 × Brown Norway (FBN) male rats. The FBN rat gastrocnemius muscle exhibits age-dependent atrophy, whereas the soleus...
The objective of this study was to test the hydrolytic efficacy 6 fungal enzymes in INFOGEST static vitro simulation gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. First, protocol adapted for testing exogenous enzymes. Second, a dose-response 3 individual proteases, lipase, and an amylase with glucoamylase demonstrated improved dietary protein, lipid, carbohydrate hydrolysis, respectively, from oral nutritional supplement (ONS) under simulated gastric or GI conditions, compared pepsin pancreatin-based...
Cyclosporine A (CSA, calcineurin inhibitor) has been shown to block both vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation in culture and vessel neointimal formation following injury vivo. The purpose of this study was determine molecular pathological effects CSA on VSMCs. Using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence microscopy, we show that up-regulated the expression Krüppel-like factor-4 (<i>KLF4</i>) KLF4 plays a key role...
Observational studies have shown that human digestive function declines naturally with age. Oral enzyme supplementation is a candidate strategy to enhance macronutrient digestion in older adults. The objective of this study was test the effects mixture six microbial preparations (ENZ) on nutrient bioaccessibility from mixed meal an vitro model senescence. included chicken meat, peas, and potatoes. INFOGEST 2.0 static simulation oro-gastric used physiology along consensus protocol aging....
Myotilin is a muscle-specific Z-disc protein with putative roles in myofibril assembly and structural upkeep of the sarcomere. Several myotilin point mutations have been described patients limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1A (LGMD1A), myofibrillar myopathy (MFM), spheroid body (SBM), three similar adult-onset, progressive autosomal dominant dystrophies. To further investigate myotilin's role pathogenesis these muscle diseases, we characterized independent lines transgenic mice expressing...
We examined the molecular and metabolomic effects of voluntary running wheel activity in late middle-aged male Sprague Dawley rats (16–17 months). Rats were assigned either continuous access for 8 weeks (RW+) or cage-matched without (RW−). The 9 RW+ averaged 83 m/day (range: 8–163 m), yet exhibited both 84% reduced individual body weight gain (4.3 g vs. 26.3 g, P = 0.02) 6.5% average daily food intake (20.6 22.0 0.09) over weeks. Hindlimb muscles harvested following an overnight fast. Muscle...
Digestibility is a primary factor in determining the quality of dietary protein. Microbial protease supplementation may be strategy for improving protein digestion and subsequent postprandial plasma amino acid availability. To assess effect co-ingesting microbial mixture with pea on concentrations. A 3 preparations (P3) was tested proteolytic efficacy an vitro static simulation gastrointestinal digestion. Subsequently, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial, 24 healthy...
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) display remarkable phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues. The nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family transcription factors plays a critical role vascular pathology. However, known functional NFAT gene targets SMCs are currently limited. Publicly available whole-genome expression array data sets were analyzed identify differentially expressed genes human, mouse and rat SMCs. Comparison between vehicle modulatory stimuli...
There is growing evidence that severe decline of skeletal muscle mass and function with age may be mitigated by exercise dietary supplementation protein amino acid ingredient technologies. The purposes this study were to examine the effects leucine catabolite, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), in C2C12 myoblasts myotubes, investigate HMB, β-alanine combination thereof, on contractility a preclinical model pre-sarcopenia. In HMB enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release...
Mutations in the immunoglobulin mu binding protein-2 ( Ighmbp2 ) gene cause motor neuron disease and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) neuromuscular degeneration nmd mouse spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress (SMARD1) humans. To investigate role of IGHMBP2 pathogenesis DCM, we generated transgenic mice expressing full-length cDNA specifically myocytes under control titin promoter. This tissue-specific transgene increased lifespan up to 8-fold by preventing primary DCM showed complete...
Fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) have emerged as key contributors to digestive discomfort intolerance certain vegetables, fruits, plant-based foods. Although strategies exist minimize FODMAP consumption exposure, exogenous enzyme supplementation targeting the fructan-type FODMAPs has been underexploited. The objective of this study was test hydrolytic efficacy a food-grade, non-genetically engineered microbial inulinase preparation toward inulin-type fructans in...
This study evaluated the effects of dietary β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) combined with β-alanine (β-Ala) in sedentary, aged male rats. It has been suggested that HMB or β-Ala supplementation may mitigate age-related declines muscle strength and fatigue resistance. A total 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. At age months, 10 administered a control, purified diet supplemented both (HMB+β-Ala) for 8 weeks (approximately equivalent to 3 2.4 g per day human dose). We measured medial...
Missense mutations in the myotilin gene cause limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1A (LGMD1A). We set out to examine effect of overexpression wild-type an LGMD1A mouse model by crossing and mutant transgenic mice. Compared single-transgenic mice, double-transgenic mice overexpressing showed more severe muscle degeneration, enhanced myofibrillar aggregation, earlier onset aggregation. These data suggest that strategies aimed at lowering total levels patients may be effective therapeutic approach.
Calcineurin (Cn) and the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family transcription factors are critical in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) development pathology. Here, we used a genomics approach to identify validate NFAT gene targets during platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced SMC phenotypic modulation.Genome-wide expression arrays were genes both (1) differentially response PDGF-BB (2) whose differential was reduced by Cn inhibitor cyclosporin A A-285222. The 20 most...
Abstract Background Dietary fish oil (DFO) has been identified as a micronutrient supplement with the potential to improve musculoskeletal health in old age. Few data are available for effects of DFO on muscle contractility, despite significant negative impact weakness age-related outcomes. Accordingly, intervention contractile function and proteomic profile adult aged an animal model aging were investigated. Methods This preliminary study evaluated 14 (8 months) 12 (22 male, Sprague-Dawley...