Sometime the operations that a relay is required to perform cannot be easily described in deterministic way. A significant example of this situation given by line must order detect type fault (line-to-ground, line-to-line, line-to-line involving ground). Recently, mathematical theory fuzzy sets featured many practical applications, mainly industrial controls, and fuzzy-set processors are available allow real time applications. This paper shows approach can useful even digital relaying,...

This article reports an overview of main issues related to hosting capacity and harmonic disturbances caused by electric vehicle (EV) penetration in a smart grid, taking into account renewable energy sources storage systems as well nonlinear loads. A new mixed deterministic probabilistic method based on algorithms control strategies, able perform EVs charging controls, is presented. The methodology shows that it possible achieve high levels power quality, thanks pre-evaluation disturbance....

Unobtrusive and continuous monitoring of vital signs is becoming more important both for patient in the home environment sports activity tracking. Even though many gadgets clinical systems exist, need simple, low-cost easily applicable solutions still remains, especially view a widespread use within everyone’s reach. The paper presents fully wearable wireless sensorized belt, suitable to simultaneously acquire respiratory cardiac signals employing single acquisition channel. adopted method...

The paper introduces a novel 4-coils probe designed for Eddy Current Non-Destructive Testing on conductive materials. key innovation lies in its capability to identify small surface and subsurface cracks regardless of their orientation. This is achieved through suitable developed using two pairs exciting coils that allow generate orthogonal magnetic fields. Using excitation currents with an amplitude modulation approach, rotation the eddy induced sample obtained. approach ensures effective...

Impedance plethysmography is a technique that allows monitoring changes in the volume of specific tissues or organs inside human body, through measurement variations bio-impedance between electrodes placed on body surface. One its best-known applications respiratory activity based trans-thoracic impedance measurements. Provided system has enough sensitivity, can also allow detection heartbeats, thus adding cardiac capabilities. In this paper, low-cost and easily portable volt-amperometric...

IEC 60156 and 60897 were standardized with the purpose of evaluating breakdown voltage liquid dielectrics both under AC impulse voltages. determination is a simple method but only able to provide information on presence contaminants. The limit this test large scatter in results and, for reason, standard has been recently revised. Impulse allows discrimination different dielectric liquids, also terms their chemical composition. This limited application because dimensions high generator....

One of the parameters that has to be considered in designing underground cables is thermal resistivity soil along their routes. In fact, ampacity MV having different types insulation normally evaluated through application IEC Standard 60287-x "Electric - Calculation current rating". This series formed three parts as following: part 1: Formulae ratings and power losses; 2: for resistance; 3: Sections on operating conditions. Italy, capacity same established by Italian CEI-UNEL 35027 (2009)...

Sometime the operations that a relay is required to perform cannot be easily described in deterministic way. A significant example of this situation given by line must order detect type fault (line-to-ground, line-to-line, line-to-line involving ground). The mathematical theory fuzzy sets featured many practical applications, mainly industrial controls, and fuzzy-set processors are available allow real time applications. This paper shows approach can useful even digital relaying, whenever...

In recent times, the use of natural esters (vegetable fluids) in power transformers is having a considerable increase due to their advantages terms high flash/fire points, lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and possibility recycling. This paper presents an experimental comparative evaluation on fire ignition both mineral oil different conditions. The results shown present give contribution ascertain that ester transformer may positively contribute significant reduction risks humans environment

The paper reports a measurement campaign and simulation validation for the "Roma-Giardinetti" tram line in Rome, that provides urban service from main train station of Rome "Roma Termini" towards suburban neighborhood city. A digital oscilloscope recorder Yokogawa OR100 has been used measurements. monitoring on voltage current profiles along line, as well power consumptions tramline during daily service, performed. Simulations have carried out to compare obtained results with measurements,...

Traditional wireless communication methods tend to saturate in terms of data rate, frequency spectrum and reliability. Visible Light Communication (VLC) integrated with the emerging technology Internet-of-Things (IoT) opens up a wide range indoor applications. In this work we will describe potential an optical infrastructure make comparison 5G 6G Wi-Fi (RF) technologies.

Instrument Voltage Transformers (VT) are well known for their critical behavior when subjected to fast impulse voltages. Furthermore, the accuracy of VT is defined by IEC Standards only at power frequency and doesn't consider response. Under these conditions may introduce errors in voltage measurements transmitted signals create overvoltages correspondence secondary circuitry nominal withstand. The paper reports experimental analysis on response, time domain, a (1.2/50 μs). main results...

This article deals with the implementation of an automated simulator for optimization power-flows in blocks buildings (prosumers) by controlling local generation, storage and consumptions real-time simultaneously. Among advantages proposed multi-agent saver, a special emphasis is given to benefits that may be achieved carbon reduction consequent environmental protection. The can operated either "Economy" mode maximize economic profit, or "Energy" mode, better energy saving. selection ideal...

This paper describes the work carried out by Italian Institutional Working Group on Natural Esters; this has been promoted University of Roma "La Sapienza", National Firefighters Authority, Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL) and Department Geological Survey Italy (ISPRA) with objective further validating real possibility risk mitigation humans environment through a more widespread use new generation transformers insulated natural ester liquids. A useful contribution to...

A prosumer (energy producer-consumer) usually exchanges energy and information with a microgrid, taking into consideration at the same time also such economic aspects as buying or selling to highest bidder based on current rates per kilowatt hour. The proposed study describes implementation of new approach that allows manage in real different flows inside building according general strategy simultaneous optimization electrical generation, storage controllable loads. On local level,...

The paper describes a measurement campaign conducted in metro trains deposit/maintenance and repair site for the operation on line B of Rome. For network analyzer Chauvin Arnoux CA 8335 has been used. measurements were by performing monitoring general consumption relevant individual loads such as office building, lighting towers, lighting, lathe, etc. knowledge total energy electrical allows identification possible different strategies efficiency using PV production. Some evaluations are...

The 2016-2018 ongoing revision of the lEC 60156 "Insulating liquids - Determination breakdown voltage at power frequency" was just approved and revised standard will be published by end 2018. This document include recommended use a stirring system with main purpose to reduce scatter in ac results. present paper reports comparison mean values related scatters two different insulating (traditional mineral oils natural ester liquids) accordance tests methods actual 2018 upcoming IEC 60156....

The use of natural ester liquids in power transformers, as an alternative to mineral oils, is increasing the last decades due higher interest reducing environmental and fire risks. This possible thanks fact that present much flash & points biodegradability, also satisfying general principles a circular economy. Furthermore, their diathermic properties are completely comparable with those oils this, if active part properly designed, may allow more efficient cooling consequent increase...

The paper illustrates some results of a wide power quality (PQ) survey performed on the supply installations metro-transit system serving city Rome, in Italy. currently includes two railway lines supplied at 1,500 V DC through several AC/DC 3.7 MW rated converters. is provided medium voltage (20 kV) from five different connections to public grid. Fourteen electrical substations provide total demand about 20 system. survey, still progress, involves monitoring activities aimed identifying...

In the last years, frequency and intensity of adverse meteorological conditions are on rise climate changes have potential to affect negatively electrical systems in many different ways. Local or extended outages been caused by extremely severe negative events nature, like strong wind, wet snow, heavy rain heat waves. Of course, such interruptions system also critical infrastructures with a impact all human industrial activities. To face this reality, Italian Regulatory Authority for Energy,...

The Partial Discharges Inception Voltage (PDIV) determination is believed to be an important test able describe the behavior of insulating liquids when subjected high electrical stress. In IEC standardization body, this procedure described by TR 61294 (Determination Discharge Voltage). particular, according standard, inception voltage defined as at which least one single partial discharge (PD) occurs apparent charge equal or greater than 100 pC. On other hands, discharges in are random...

Impedance pneumography is a technique which allows the monitoring of respiratory activity through measurement variations in impedance between two points located on thoracic surface. In this paper, low-cost, easily portable, and re-configurable system presented, suitable to perform investigations. The based LabVIEW virtual instrument employs only data acquisition card. A preliminary metrological assessment performed, showing that basic accuracy adequate for patients lying bed. Acquisitions...