A5091157379- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Urticaria and Related Conditions
- Healthcare and Venom Research
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Entomological Studies and Ecology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Mast cells and histamine
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Muscle and Compartmental Disorders
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
University of Cambridge
2005-2025
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2014-2025
Health Economics and Outcomes Research (United Kingdom)
2024
Addenbrooke's Hospital
2009-2023
Bridge University
2008-2020
University of Dundee
2018
National Health Service
2008-2016
Cyclotron (Netherlands)
1976-2015
Hammersmith Hospital
1976-2015
Hinchingbrooke Health Care NHS Trust
2011
Small studies suggest peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) might be effective in the treatment of allergy. We aimed to establish efficacy OIT for desensitisation children with allergy peanuts.We did a randomised controlled crossover trial compare active (using characterised flour; protein doses 2-800 mg/day) control (peanut avoidance, present standard care) at NIHR/Wellcome Trust Cambridge Clinical Research Facility (Cambridge, UK). Randomisation (1:1) was by use an audited online system; group...
To investigate clinical features of acute allergic reactions to peanuts and other nuts.Analysis data from consecutive patients seen by one doctor over year in an allergy clinic at a regional referral centre.62 aged 11 months 53 years between October 1993 September 1994.Type severity reactions, age onset symptoms, type nut causing allergy, results skin prick tests, incidence diseases associated allergies.Peanuts were the commonest cause (47) followed Brazil (18), almond (14), hazelnut (13)....
SUMMARY Thalidomide is an effective immunomodulatory drug in man, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We hypothesized that, addition to reported inhibitory effects on production monocyte-derived tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), thalidomide might be at the level Th immunoregulation. In a comparative study with immunosuppressant cyclosporin A, we have demonstrated potent and specific effect cytokine relating distinct Th1 Th2 subsets. It induced enhanced IL-4 IL-5 and, same dose...
Summary These guidelines have been prepared by the Standards of Care Committee (SOCC) British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI) are intended allergists others with a special interest in allergy. As routine or validated tests not available majority drugs, considerable experience is required investigation allergic drug reactions to undertake specific challenge. A missed incorrect diagnosis allergy can serious consequences. Therefore, management best carried out specialist...
Peanut allergy is common, potentially severe and rarely resolves causing impaired quality of life. No disease-modifying treatment exists there therefore a need to develop therapeutic intervention.The aim this study was investigate whether peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) can induce clinical tolerance protein.Four peanut-allergic children underwent OIT. Preintervention challenges were performed confirm define the amount protein required cause reaction (dose thresholds). OIT then administered...
Genetic relationships among 315 isolates of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus expressing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) recovered primarily from humans with (TSS) in five countries on two continents were determined by analyzing electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation at 20 chromosomal enzyme loci. Forty-nine distinctive electrophoretic types (ETs), representing multilocus genotypes, identified. Cluster analysis ETs revealed major phylogenetic divisions separated a genetic...
Summary Background: The mechanism of immunotherapy is unclear. Allergic disease known to involve enhanced TH‐2 cytokine responses allergen. Objective: In order investigate the mechanisms immunotherapy, we have examined changes in secretion before (13 patients) and during (nine both rush conventional venom (VIT) nee allergic patient. Method Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated vitro with see venom, non‐specific antigen or mitogen IL‐4 (TH‐2) IFNγ (TH‐1) over culture period...
This guidance for the management of patients with hymenoptera venom allergy has been prepared by Standards Care Committee (SOCC) British Society Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI). The guideline is based on evidence as well expert opinion use both adult physicians pediatricians practising allergy. During development these guidelines, all BSACI members were included in consultation process using a web-based system. Their comments suggestions carefully considered SOCC. Where was lacking,...
Allergic reactions to food are well recognized in both children and adults, but because of their relative infrequency typical features may not be readily by patients medical care givers who allergists.We sought investigate the circumstances clinical characteristics allergies adults community.Self-completed questionnaire responses over a 6-month period from 109 members Anaphylaxis Campaign, major British patient resource group for people have suffered severe allergic reactions.One hundred...
Summary Background Peanut allergy is severe and rarely resolves. Objective To test the efficacy safety of a new oral immunotherapy (OIT) protocol for peanut allergy. Method Twenty‐two peanut‐allergic children underwent challenge. OIT was administered by gradual updosing with 2‐weekly increments (8–38 weeks) to 800 mg protein (5 peanuts/day) followed 30‐week maintenance. Oral challenge repeated after 6 30 weeks Results (median 11 years) had positive challenges (threshold 1–110 mg). Nineteen...
We devised a noninvasive measure of pulmonary hemorrhage value in the management Goodpasture's syndrome. reasoned that alveolar uptake inhaled carbon monoxide during breath holding would increase presence extravascular blood, but clearance its radioisotope (C15O) from lung field be delayed. Thus, ratio to indicate hemorrhage. In 15 controls and six patients with renal failure without hemorrhage, this ranged 0.73 1.5. eight syndrome 1.5 16.5, returning normal between episodes bleeding....
The Pharmacia CAP System is a new assay for serum specific IgE, utilising solid phase capable of binding more antigen than conventional systems. has been evaluated in 69 consecutive patients referred to one allergy clinic relation skin prick test (SPT), radioallergosorbent (Phadebas RAST®) and diagnosis five inhalant allergens, D.ptewnyssinus, timothy grass pollen, eat epithelium/dander, Cladosporium Alternaria. Good correlation was obtained between RAST all e.g. r=0.974 D.pteronyssinus...
Summary Investigation of anaphylaxis during general anaesthesia requires an accurate record events including information on timing drug administration provided by the anaesthetist, as well timed acute tryptase measurements. Referrals should be made to a centre with experience and ability investigate reactions range classes/substances neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) intravenous (i.v.) anaesthetics, antibiotics, opioid analgesics, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), local...
Summary This guideline advises on the management of patients with egg allergy. Most commonly, allergy presents in infancy, a prevalence approximately 2% children and 0.1% adults. A clear clinical history detection white‐specific IgE (by skin prick test or serum assay) will confirm diagnosis most cases. Egg avoidance advice is cornerstone management. often resolves re‐introduction can be achieved at home if reactions have been mild there no asthma. Patients severe asthma should reintroduction...
Summary Peanut nut and tree allergy are characterised by IgE mediated reactions to proteins. Nut is a global disease. Limited epidemiological data suggest varying prevalence in different geographical areas. Primary affects over 2% of children 0.5% adults the UK. Infants with severe eczema and/or egg have higher risk peanut allergy. presents most commonly first five years life, often after known ingestion typical rapid onset IgE‐mediated symptoms. The clinical diagnosis primary can be made...
Peanut and tree nut allergy are common, increasing in prevalence the commonest food cause of anaphylaxis. In USA, 7.8% sensitized (have nut-specific IgE), but not all those allergic. Lack data makes interpretation tests for IgE difficult.This is first study to investigate clinical significance test results peanut allergic or tolerant patients. Findings related severity allergy.An observational 1000 children adults at least one nut. History reactions (severity graded) tolerance up five nuts...
A new immunoassay system utilizing automatic instrumentation, software for evaluation of data, and reagents updated increased speed accuracy was evaluated. Six clinical studies included 894 consecutive patients. Major symptoms were rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, urticaria. The prevalence inhalant allergy 54–69%. Phadiatop®, detecting sensitization to common allergens, agreed with diagnosis in 764/836 cases (91.4%). TTie sensitivity specificity 93% 89%, respectively UniCAP...
Summary Background There are few data on the long‐term management of children with peanut/nut allergy. Advice is variable and often inadequate; further reactions common. no consensus criteria for prescription rescue medication, particularly adrenaline. Method A longitudinal prospective case–control study in a tertiary allergy clinic. Patients/parents/school staff 747 confirmed peanut or tree nut received detailed verbal written advice avoidance, training recognition (self‐) treatment plan....
Background: Cashew nut allergy is becoming common, but the risk of severe reactions in comparison with peanut unknown. Method: A case‐matching study children a recent history reaction after definite ingestion, positive skin prick test. Children whose worst ever was to cashew (cashew group), were matched two each (peanut group) for sex, age and presentation, amount ingested, asthma. Severity clinical date compared. Results: total 47 group 94 group. There no differences features between groups...