A5069668883- Viral Infections and Vectors
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Malaria Research and Control
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- HIV Research and Treatment
Hokkaido University
2016-2025
Abbott (United States)
2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2020
University of Zambia
2015-2020
Lusaka Apex Medical University
2020
Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock
2020
University of Edinburgh
2020
University of Florida
2020
Sapporo Science Center
2019
Shikoku Cancer Center
2017
Abstract The emergence of the Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global health concern 1 . In this study, our statistical modelling suggests that has spread more rapidly than Delta in several countries including South Africa. Cell culture experiments showed to be less fusogenic and ancestral strain SARS-CoV-2. Although spike (S) protein efficiently cleaved into two subunits, which facilitates cell–cell fusion 2,3 , S was compared proteins Furthermore, a hamster model, decreased lung...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in millions of deaths and threatens public health safety. Despite the rapid global spread COVID-19 vaccines, effective oral antiviral drugs are urgently needed. Here, we describe discovery S-217622, first noncovalent, nonpeptidic SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor clinical candidate. S-217622 was discovered via virtual screening followed biological an in-house compound...
Soon after the emergence and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA.1, another lineage, BA.2, began outcompeting BA.1. The results statistical analysis showed that effective reproduction number BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than Neutralization experiments revealed immunity induced by COVID vaccines widely administered to human populations not against similar antigenicity notably different from Cell culture spike confers replication efficacy in nasal epithelial cells more efficient...
The spike (S) protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to a host cell receptor which facilitates viral entry. A polybasic motif detected at the cleavage site S has been shown broaden tropism and transmissibility virus. Here we examine properties SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations that undergo inefficient proteolytic cleavage. Virus gene generated smaller plaques exhibited more limited range compared wild-type strain. These alterations were result from...
Abstract The MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation pathway plays a critical role in antiviral immunity. Here we show that the I is targeted by SARS-CoV-2. Analysis of gene expression profile from COVID-19 patients as well SARS-CoV-2 infected epithelial cell lines reveals induction inhibited infection. We NLRC5, an transactivator, suppressed both transcriptionally and functionally ORF6 protein, providing mechanistic link. hampers type II interferon-mediated STAT1 signaling, resulting...
In parallel with vaccination, oral antiviral agents are highly anticipated to act as countermeasures for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Oral medication demands not only high activity but also target specificity, favorable bioavailability, and metabolic stability. Although a large number compounds have been identified potential inhibitors SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, few proven be effective vivo....
Journal Article New mutation causing hereditary hepatitis in the laboratory rat Get access M. C. Yoshida, Yoshida Chro-mosome Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Masuda, Masuda Sasaki, Sasaki N. Takeichi, Takeichi Laboratory Pathology, Cancer Institute, University School MedicineSapporo, H. Kobayashi, Kobayashi K. Dempo, Dempo Department Sapporo Medical CollegeSapporo, Mori...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) utilizes host proteases, including a plasma membrane-associated transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to cleave and activate the virus spike protein facilitate cellular entry. Although TMPRSS2 is well-characterized type II protease (TTSP), role of other TTSPs on replication SARS-CoV-2 remains be elucidated. Here, we have screened 12 using human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-expressing HEK293T (293T-ACE2) cells Vero E6...
Abstract Soon after the emergence and global spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron lineage, BA.1 (ref 1, ), another BA.2, has initiated outcompeting BA.1. Statistical analysis shows that effective reproduction number BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than Neutralisation experiments show vaccine-induced humoral immunity fails to function against like BA.1, notably, antigenicity different from Cell culture more replicative in human nasal epithelial cells...
Potent neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies often target the spike protein receptor-binding site (RBS), but variability of RBS epitopes hampers broad neutralization multiple sarbecoviruses and drifted viruses. Here, using humanized mice, we identified an antibody with a germline VH gene that potently neutralized SARS-related coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV variants. X-ray crystallography revealed coordinated recognition by heavy chain non-RBS conserved sites light binding angle mimicking...
Potential risks of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been discussed and proposed mechanism mostly depends on Fc gamma receptor (FcγR). However, since FcγRs are exclusively expressed immune cells, which not primary targets SARS-CoV-2, clinical importance ADE SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial.
Although the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic worldwide has gradually decreased, in some areas, situation not yet been stamped and become a global health emergency. It is quite possible that we could again be threatened by new coronavirus. Therefore, nucleotide analog drugs vaccines or using drug repositioning for still developed, their safety efficacy against COVID‐19 remains underexplored. Malabaricone C 2,6-dihydroxyphenyl acylphenol found edible plants such as mace spice of nutmeg derived from seeds...
Rabies virus (RABV) is the causative agent of fatal neurological disease. Cellular attachment initial and essential step for viral infections. Although extensive studies have demonstrated that RABV uses various target cell molecules to mediate infection, no specific molecule has been identified as an factor infection. Here we demonstrate cellular heparan sulfate (HS) supports adhesion subsequent entry into cells. Enzymatic removal HS reduced susceptibility heparin, a highly sulfated form HS,...
SARS-CoV-2 uses its spike protein to enter target cells. The is cleaved by a host protease, and this event facilitates viral entry broadens cell tropism.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the development of antiviral agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is a promising target for COVID-19 treatment. Here, we report new class covalent inhibitors 3CLpro that possess chlorofluoroacetamide (CFA) as cysteine-reactive warhead. Based on an aza-peptide scaffold, synthesized series CFA derivatives in enantiopure form and evaluated their biochemical efficiency. data...
Human monkeypox is a viral zoonosis caused by virus, an orthopoxvirus (OPXV). The majority of human cases have been reported in moist forested regions West and Central Africa, particularly the Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). In this study we investigated zoonotic OPXV infection among wild animals Zambia, which shares border with DRC, to assess geographical distribution OPXV. We screened for antibodies sera from non-human primates (NHPs), rodents shrews ELISA, performed real-time PCR detect...
Mucosal immunity represented by pSIgA plays important roles in protection from IAV infection. Furthermore, HA-specific antibodies are thought to contribute cross-protective against multiple subtypes. However, the mechanisms which exerts such versatile antiviral activity not fully understood. In this study, we generated broadly cross-reactive recombinant IgG and having same antigen-recognition site compared their activities vitro . These did show “classical” neutralizing activity, whereas...
Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in millions of deaths and threatens public health safety. Despite the rapid global spread COVID-19 vaccines, effective oral antiviral drugs are urgently needed. Here, we describe discovery S-217622, first non-covalent, non-peptidic SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor clinical candidate. S-217622 was discovered via virtual screening followed biological an in-house...
Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a quaternary ammonium compound, which is present in mouthwash, effective against bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. This study was conducted to explore the antiviral effect of CPC on SARS-CoV-2. There are few reports wild-type SARS-CoV-2 at low concentrations such as 0.001%-0.005% (10-50 µg/mL). Interestingly, we found that suppressed infectivity human isolated strains (Wuhan, Alpha, Beta, Gamma) even saliva. Furthermore, demonstrated shows...
Abstract Viral metagenomic analysis identified a new parvovirus genome in the intestinal contents of wild shrews Zambia. Related viruses were detected spleen tissues from and nonhuman primates. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these are related to human bufaviruses, highlighting presence genetic diversity bufaviruses wildlife.
Shrews are small insectivorous mammals that distributed worldwide. Similar to rodents, shrews live on the ground and commonly found near human residences. In this study, we investigated enteric virome of wild in genus Crocidura using a sequence-independent viral metagenomics approach. A large portion shrew was composed insect viruses, whilst novel viruses including cyclovirus, picornavirus picorna-like virus were also identified. Several cycloviruses, variants cycloviruses detected...