Worldwide, higher education institutions made quick and often unprepared shifts from on-site to online examination in 2020 due the COVID-19 health crisis. This sparked an ongoing debate on whether this development it easier for students cheat. We investigated did indeed cheat more than exams use of was also associated with rates other behaviors deemed as academic dishonesty. To answer our research questions, we questioned 1608 German a wide variety about their behavior during summer semester...

Theoretical models in both clinical (Psychobiological Model of Social Rejection and Depression) as well social psychology (Temporal Need Threat Ostracism) have postulated that ostracism (i.e. being excluded ignored by others) may foster the development depressive symptomatology. However, stress generation indicate depression also depressed individuals might be considered burdensome others. We investigated whether experienced predicted diagnosed over time vice versa within longitudinal panel...

Abstract Prior research has explored various factors to explain differences in teaching experiences and behaviors among school teachers, including self-efficacy, basic psychological need satisfaction, emotions. However, these have predominantly been examined isolation, limited investigated their role the context of higher education teaching. To address gaps, analyses on both within between teacher level are needed. The aim present study was therefore investigate interplay motivational...

Background Previous research has shown that achievement goals affect the frequency of academic dishonesty. However, mixed findings suggest especially effect performance might depend on contextual factors. Aims We wanted to investigate whether crucial aspects situation influence magnitude (here: focused appearance) Specifically, we propose social norms regarding acceptance dishonesty moderate positive Sample sampled 105 German university students. They were teacher trainees, mostly in their...

Questionable research practices (QRPs) are a strongly debated topic in the scientific community. Hypotheses about relationship between individual differences and QRPs plentiful but have rarely been empirically tested. Here, we investigate whether researchers’ personal motivation (expressed by achievement goals) is associated with self-reported engagement within sample of 217 psychology researchers. Appearance approach goals (striving for skill demonstration) positively predicted QRPs, while...

Ostracism, that is, being excluded and ignored by others, is a highly painful threatening experience for individuals.Most empirical research on ostracism has been carried out in the lab or focused samples specific contexts.Here, we investigate effects of age how individuals within broad, representative sample adult German population (the Socio-Economic Panel).We find generally negative relation between age, such older adults report experiencing less frequently.Further analyses show...

Individuals engage in a variety of behavioral responses to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, from complying or transgressing against physical distancing regulations, stockpiling prosocial behavior. We predicted that particularly descriptive social norms are important driving pandemic-related behavior as they offer guidelines times insecurity and crisis. To investigate this assumption, we conducted longitudinal survey two measurement points ( n = 1,907) Germany during spring 2020. Results show...

Abstract: Teaching quality is a crucial factor within higher education. Research on this topic often requires assessing teaching as global construct through self-reports. However, such instruments are criticized due to the lack of alignment between teacher and student reports instructional practices. We argue that while teachers might over- or under-estimate specific dimensions quality, aggregation these in form overarching well reflects differences teachers. Accordingly, we test ten-item...

Minority students’ belongingness on campus has become an emergent topic in psychological research. Past research particularly focused belonging uncertainty as a potential explanation for impaired minority students. While this represents important perspective, we argue that students of certain groups may also be more likely to confronted with actual ostracism experiences campus. Using structural equation modelling, investigated associations between status, ostracism, and aggregated sample...

PID of standard PV cells has been in the discussion last few years. The symptoms have investigated and some ideas for mechanism behind were published. This paper focuses on recovery affected modules both field lab. Recovery data two small systems that setup Berlin with returns is presented. Two methods, proper grounding one hand applying a regeneration potential night other hand, are compared. In laboratory four methods investigated: storage at room temperature, defined (reversed) potential,...

Abstract. Teachers differ in their tendency to prefer temporal comparisons (temporal reference norm orientation, TO) and social (social SO) when judging students' achievements. A TO was postulated enhance motivational beliefs. We used a longitudinal sample of 1641 students (69 mathematics classes) from comprehensive secondary schools (Gymnasium) across grades 5 6 test this hypothesis. Students' mathematical self-concepts implicit theory math ability as incremental were assessed at each point...

Background Teachers' achievement goal orientations are known to affect teachers' beliefs and behaviour. In contrast, we know relatively little on how school climate is associated with goals, even though theoretical ideas can be derived from self‐determination theory empirical research the impact of structures. The few studies that exist issue limited as analyses were only conducted at individual level subsequent findings can, thus, not interpreted effects. Aim We aimed overcome this...

Emerging empirical evidence indicates that discrete emotions are associated with teaching practices and professional experiences of university instructors. However, further investigations necessary given instructors often face high job demands compromised well-being. Achievement goals, which frame achievement-related thoughts actions, have been found to describe motivational differences in hypothesized be their emotions. Moreover, as variation exists how respond regarding emotional...

Student dropout is a frequent phenomenon in higher education institutions that entails high costs for individuals, institutions, and society as whole. Thus, it crucial to identify protective factors regarding cases which could have been prevented. In line with Person-Environment Fit Theory, we assume intrinsic motivation enrollment (i.e. choice of major based on personal interests) an important factor facilitates learning over time, should turn be positively associated performance at...

Abstract Academic dishonesty is a pervasive problem undermining the effectiveness of educational institutions. From motivational perspective, researchers have proposed achievement goals as antecedents academic dishonesty. Empirical findings corroborate notion that mastery (focus on learning and competence development) are negatively linked to However, even though theoretical considerations suggest positive links between performance demonstration) dishonesty, empirical mixed. To provide...