A5036489051- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Plant and animal studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Marine and fisheries research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Climate variability and models
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
University of Alaska Fairbanks
2010-2024
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2021-2024
Casper College
2024
McMaster University
2024
Houston Museum of Natural Science
2024
Louisiana State University
2024
University of British Columbia
2024
University of Miami
2024
U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
2015-2022
United States Geological Survey
2014-2022
Most birds have simple genitalia; males lack external genitalia and females vaginas. However, male waterfowl a phallus whose length (1.5–>40 cm) morphological elaborations vary among species are positively correlated with the frequency of forced extra-pair copulations species. Here we report complexity in female genital morphology describe variation vaginal that is unprecedented birds. This comprises two anatomical novelties: (i) dead end sacs, (ii) clockwise coils. These structures appear...
A fundamental question in evolutionary genetics concerns the extent to which adaptive phenotypic convergence is attributable convergent or parallel changes at molecular sequence level. Here we report a comparative analysis of hemoglobin (Hb) function eight phylogenetically replicated pairs high- and low-altitude waterfowl taxa test for oxygenation properties Hb, assess biochemical phenotype repeated amino acid replacements. Functional experiments on native Hb variants protein engineering...
New York City, (NYC), is extremely vulnerable to coastal flooding; thus, verification and improvements in storm surge models are needed order protect both life property. This paper highlights the Stony Brook Storm Surge (SBSS) modeling system. It utilizes surface winds sea level pressures from fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University (PSU)-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) or Weather Forecasting (WRF) model drive Advanced Circulation Coastal Ocean...
Theory predicts that parallel evolution should be common when the number of beneficial mutations is limited by selective constraints on protein structure. However, confirmation scarce in natural populations. Here we studied major haemoglobin genes eight Andean duck lineages and compared them to 115 other waterfowl species, including bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) Abyssinian blue-winged (Cyanochen cyanopterus), two additional species living at high altitude. One five amino acid replacements...
When populations become locally adapted to contrasting environments, alleles that have high fitness in only one environment may be quickly eliminated other such gene flow is partly restricted. The stronger the selection, more rapidly immigrant of lower will from population. However, continue occur at unlinked loci, and adaptive divergence can proceed face countervailing if selection strong relative migration (s > m). We studied population genetics major hemoglobin genes yellow-billed...
Western Long Island Sound (wLIS) has experienced a long‐term decline in the July/August summer minima bottom dissolved oxygen concentrations. This continues despite New York City having eliminated routine raw discharges of sewage, upgraded sewage treatment to nearly complete secondary, and introduced nitrogen control. It is our conclusion that changes physical oceanographic processes are an impact on hypoxia problem wLIS. Specifically, we show interannual variations summertime thermal haline...
Parasite diversity accounts for most of the biodiversity on earth, and is shaped by many processes (e.g., cospeciation, host switching). To identify effects that shape parasite diversity, it ideal to incorporate both deep (phylogenetic) shallow (population) perspectives. this end, we developed a novel workflow obtain phylogenetic population genetic data from whole genome sequences body lice parasitizing New World ground-doves. Phylogenies these showed consistent, highly resolved...
Evidence from a variety of organisms points to convergent evolution on the mitochondria associated with physiological response oxygen deprivation or temperature stress, including mechanisms for high-altitude adaptation. Here, we examine whether demography and/or selection explains standing mitogenome nucleotide diversity in adapted populations three Andean waterfowl species: yellow-billed pintail ( Anas georgica ), speckled teal flavirostris and cinnamon Spatula cyanoptera ). We compared...
Observations from the Hudson River estuary are presented to discuss interaction between secondary flows and stratification in vicinity of a headland during highly stratified conditions. Analysis cross‐stream momentum balance suggests that centrifugal accelerations near with baroclincity. Results emphasize can set up internal seiche. This results reduction subsequent reversal downstream headland. Simple scaling arguments suggest spin‐down time for tidally driven eddies is related stratification.
Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to hypoxia developed an 80-fold resistance a subsequent 1-hour exposure doxorubicin (ADR) in air. Recovery air before drug resulted loss of resistance. Cells for 20 hours followed by 15-hour recovery were still twofold threefold more resistant than aerobic short pulse ADR. A subpopulation was generated that at least twice as large and contained greater normal G2-M DNA content. This showed no continuous either ADR or methotrexate, nor it the remaining with...
Abstract Cape St. James is an extensive triangular-shaped promontory located in a tidally energetic region at the southern tip of Queen Charlotte Islands approximately 150 km off mainland coast or British Columbia. Several years oceanographic data collected vicinity cape reveal regional circulation characterized by strong (0.50 m s−1) coastal current along western continental margin and respective clockwise counterclockwise rotating mesoscale baroclinic eddies to west south cape. The flows...
Sea level and current data collected around Great South Bay, New York during December 1979 are examined in conjunction with atmospheric for evidence of wind-forced, low frequency variability the Bay on adjacent shelf. The subtidal sea along coast was found to be highly coherent from Sandy Hook Montauk Point, a single empirical mode accounted more than 97% total variance. These fluctuations were forced primarily by longshore winds (along 250–070°T) through coastal Ekman effect. within...
Estimating the frequency of hybridization is important to understand its evolutionary consequences and effects on conservation efforts. In this study, we examined extent in two sister species ducks that hybridize. We used mitochondrial control region sequences 3589 double-digest restriction-associated DNA (ddRADseq) identify admixture between wild lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) greater (A. marila). Among 111 individuals, found one introgressed haplotype four scaup. Likewise, based...
Abstract The Gulf Stream’s north wall east of Cape Hatteras marks the abrupt change in velocity and water properties between slope sea to Stream itself. An index position constructed by Taylor Stephens, called (GSNW), is analyzed terms interannual changes Icelandic low (IL) pressure anomaly longitudinal displacement. Sea surface temperature (SST) composites suggest that when IL anomalously low, there are lower temperatures Labrador south Grand Banks. Two years later, warm SST anomalies seen...
Hypoxia is one of the most important factors affecting survival at high altitude, and major hemoglobin protein a likely target selection. We compared population genetic structure in αA βA subunits (HBA2 HBB) five paired lowland highland populations Andean dabbling ducks to unlinked reference loci. In genes, parallel amino acid replacements were overrepresented lineages, derived substitutions occurred external solvent‐accessible positions on α β subunits, α1β1 intersubunit contacts, or close...
Spatial variation in the environment can lead to divergent selection between populations occupying different parts of a species' range, and ultimately population divergence. The colonization new areas thus facilitate divergence beneficial traits, yet with little differentiation at neutral genetic markers. We investigated phenotypic patterns low- high-altitude cinnamon teal inhabiting normoxic hypoxic regions Andes adjacent lowlands South America. Cinnamon showed strong body size (PC1; P(ST)...
Acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data collected from a moving vessel are assimilated, using the adjoint method, into tidal model of lower Hudson estuary with objective estimating bottom drag coefficient and residual upstream setup. An strategy for determining weight given to prior estimates parameters is shown be necessary. The method cross validation performs well this purpose. Results assimilation experiments indicate that increases by approximately 30% neap tides near‐spring...
Sea level rise has been identified as a possible factor contributing to marsh loss in Jamaica Bay, New York. However, Bay also experienced increases tidal ranges throughout consequence of natural and engineering modifications that occurred the bay during first half twentieth century. The elevations high tides are same order increase regional sea since early 1900s. Marsh inundation is thus greater than noted date adjacent bays where have more stable. Changes hydrodynamics may be one consider...
Abstract The dynamics of lateral circulation in the Passaic River estuary is examined this modeling study. pattern varies significantly over a tidal cycle as result temporal variation stratification induced by straining. During highly stratified ebb tides, exhibits vertical two-cell structure. Strong suppresses mixing deep channel, whereas shoal above halocline remains relatively well mixed. As result, upper layer, asymmetry produces denser water on and fresher thalweg. This density gradient...
Abstract Many species have Holarctic distributions that extend across Europe, Asia and North America. Most genetics research on these has examined only mitochondrial (mt) DNA , which revealed wide variance in divergence between Old World ( OW ) New NW populations, ranging from shallow, unstructured genealogies to deeply divergent lineages. In this study, we sequenced 20 nuclear introns test for concordant patterns of – differentiation mt (nu) six lineages ducks (genus Anas ). Genetic both...