A5054697821- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Malaria Research and Control
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance
2012-2025
Sokoine University of Agriculture
2016-2025
University of Malawi
2021
Mzuzu University
2021
Ghent University
2004-2020
Katholieke Hogeschool Vives
2019-2020
University of Zambia
2019-2020
University of Rwanda
2020
Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation
2020
Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries
2020
Abstract Background In a previous study, it was demonstrated that high replication of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) in gnotobiotic pig correlated with the absence PCV2-neutralizing antibodies. The aim present study to investigate if this correlation could also be found SPF pigs which PMWS experimentally reproduced and naturally PMWS-affected pigs. Results When looking at total anti-PCV2 antibody titres, healthy animals seroconverted same time point, titres were only slightly lower compared...
Monocyte/macrophage lineage cells are target in vivo for porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) replication. The monocytic cell line 3D4/31 supports PCV2 replication vitro, and attachment internalization kinetics of have been established these cells. However, receptors remain unknown. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) used by several viruses as receptors. present study examined the role GAG infection PCV2. Heparin, heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin B (CS-B), but not CS-A, keratan reduced when were incubated...
In 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014 dengue outbreaks have been reported in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. However, there is no comprehensive data on the risk of transmission country. The objective this study was to assess Salaam during epidemic.This cross-sectional conducted Tanzania outbreak 2014. involved Ilala, Kinondoni Temeke districts. Adult mosquitoes were collected using carbon dioxide-propane powered Mosquito Magnet Liberty Plus traps. each household compound, water-holding containers examined...
ABSTRACT Recently, Misinzo et al. (G. Misinzo, P. Meerts, M. Bublot, J. Mast, H. Weingartl, and Nauwynck, Gen. Virol. 86 :2057-2068, 2005) reported that inhibiting endosome-lysosome system acidification reduced porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection of monocytic 3D4/31 cells. The present study examined the effect in epithelial cells, since cells support PCV2 vivo are used culturing vitro. Ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), chloroquine diphosphate (CQ), monensin were to inhibit acidification. NH Cl,...
Dengue is the second most important vector-borne disease of humans globally after malaria. Incidence dengue infections has dramatically increased recently, potentially due to changing climate. Climate projections models predict increases in average annual temperature, precipitation and extreme events future. The objective this study was assess effect climate on distribution vectors relation epidemic risk areas Tanzania.We used ecological niche that incorporated presence-only infected Aedes...
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome and reproductive problems in pigs. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage are important target cells PCV2-infected pigs, but method binding entry PCV2 into these unknown. Therefore, to porcine monocytic cell line 3D4/31 were studied by visualization internalization virus-like particles (VLPs) confocal microscopy chemical inhibition endocytic pathways (clathrin- caveolae-mediated endocytosis...
This study examined whether antigenic differences among porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) strains could be detected using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). A subtractive immunization protocol was used for the genotype post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)-associated PCV-2 strain Stoon-1010. Sixteen stable hybridomas that produced mAbs with an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) titre of 1000 or more to Stoon-1010 were obtained. Staining recombinant virus-like particles...
Increasing globalization has promoted the spread of exotic species, including disease vectors. Understanding evolutionary processes involved in such colonizations is both intrinsic biological interest and important to predict mitigate future risks. The Aedes aegypti mosquito a major vector dengue, chikungunya Zika, worldwide which been facilitated by Ae. aegypti's adaption human-modified environments. this invasion requires characterization genetic make-up source population(s). application...
African swine fever remains an important pig disease globally in view of its rapid spread, economic impacts and food implications, with no option vaccination or treatment. The Southern Highlands zone Tanzania, pig-producing hub East Africa, is endemic (ASF). From approximately the year 2010, recurrence outbreaks has been observed it now become a predictable pattern. We conducted exploratory participatory epidemiology surveillance to understand sector drivers facilitators infections, risk...
We determined the phenotypic profile of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from 698 samples (390 and 308 poultry domestic pigs, respectively). In total, 562 Enterobacteria were isolated. About 80.5% isolates E. coli. Occurrence was significantly higher among pigs (73.1%) than in (60.5%) (p = 0.000). both highly resistant to tetracycline (63.5%), nalidixic acid (53.7%), ampicillin (52.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (50.9%). 51.6%, 65.3%, 53.7% MDR, extended-spectrum beta...
We investigated antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli among 960 samples obtained from chickens (236), humans (243), rodents (101) and soil (290). E. was isolated 650 (67.7%) samples. Isolation frequency varied significantly between chickens, humans, samples, being 81.6%, 86.5%, 79.2% 31.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). Resistance rates were particularly higher against imipenem (79.8%), cefotaxime (79.7%) tetracycline (73.7%) moderate amoxicillin-clavulanate (49.4%). Overall,...
Dengue is a disease of public health interest, and Tanzania experienced major outbreaks in 2014 2019. Here, we report our findings on the molecular characterization dengue viruses (DENV) that circulated during two smaller (2017 2018) one epidemic (2019) Tanzania.We tested archived serum samples from 1,381 suspected fever patients, with median age 29 (IQR:22-40) years, referred to National Public Health Laboratory for confirmation DENV infection. serotypes were identified by reverse...
Stimulation of the porcine immune system causes increased replication circovirus 2 (PCV2) in vivo. In present study, we investigated whether various cytokines (interleukin-1 [IL-1], IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interferon-α [IFN-α], and IFN-γ) are able to influence PCV2 infection vitro. No changes were observed IL-1, TNF-α, or IL-10-treated cells. However, it was demonstrated that IFN- α IFN-γ influenced kidney cells (PK-15) monocytic (3D4/31). added culture medium before,...
During 2013–2015, several and severe outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) affected domestic pigs in six provinces Zambia. Genetic characterization ASF viruses (ASFVs) using standardized genotyping procedures revealed that genotypes I, II XIV were associated with these outbreaks. Molecular epidemiological data suggest genotype ASFV (Georgia 2007/1-like) detected Northern Province Zambia may have been introduced from neighbouring Tanzania. Also, a virus Eastern showed p54 phylogenetic...
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, highly contagious and deadly viral hemorrhagic of domestic pigs caused by virus (ASFV), a double-stranded DNA the family Asfarviridae. In this study, molecular diagnosis characterization outbreak ASFV in northern Tanzania, was performed on spleen, lymph node, kidney, heart samples collected June July 2013 from that died during disease outbreak. Confirmatory ASF using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) partial amplification B646L gene encoding major capsid...