A5017978059- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Marine animal studies overview
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Climate variability and models
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Forest ecology and management
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Université de Moncton
2016-2024
Université du Québec à Rimouski
2007-2017
Université Laval
2012-2017
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
2012-2017
Government of Nunavut
2015
Center for Northern Studies
2007-2012
University of Alberta
2007
Summary 1. Flows of nutrients and energy across ecosystem boundaries have the potential to subsidize consumer populations modify dynamics food webs, but how spatio‐temporal variations in autochthonous allochthonous resources affect consumers’ subsidization remains largely unexplored. 2. We studied patterns a predator living relatively simple ecosystem. worked on Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada), where arctic foxes ( Vulpes lagopus L.) feed preferentially lemmings Lemmus trimucronatus...
Seasonal declines in breeding performance are widespread wild animals, resulting from temporal changes environmental conditions or individual variation. might drive selection for early breeding, with implications other stages of the annual cycle. Alternatively, on phenology nonbreeding could constrain timing season and lead to seasonal reproductive performance. We studied 25 taxa migratory shorebirds (including five subspecies) at 16 arctic sites Russia, Alaska, Canada. investigated four...
Geolocators are useful for tracking movements of long-distance migrants, but potential negative effects on birds have not been well studied. We tested geolocators (0.8–2.0 g total, representing 0.1–3.9 % mean body mass) 16 species migratory shorebirds, including five with 2–4 subspecies each a total 23 study taxa. Study spanned range sizes (26–1091 g) and eight genera, were tagged at breeding nonbreeding sites. compared performance return rates to control groups while controlling confounding...
Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) populations have undergone significant declines at core nonbreeding sites in northeastern South America. Breeding also declined the eastern North American Arctic, but appear to be stable or increasing central and western Arctic. To identify vulnerable sites, we documented migratory connectivity of Sandpipers using light-level geolocators, deploying 250 8 Arctic across species' breeding range from 2011 2015, plus 87 a single wintering site Brazil 2013...
The Arctic is experiencing rapidly warming conditions, increasing predator abundance, and diminishing population cycles of keystone species such as lemmings. However, it still not known how many animals will respond to a changing climate with altered trophic interactions. We studied clutch size, incubation duration nest survival 17 taxa Arctic‐breeding shorebirds at 16 field sites over 7 years. predicted that physiological benefits higher temperatures earlier snowmelt would increase...
Abstract Conservation status and management priorities are often informed by population trends. Trend estimates can be derived from surveys or models, but both methods associated with sources of uncertainty. Many Arctic-breeding shorebirds thought to declining based on migration and/or overwintering surveys, data lacking estimate the trends some shorebird species. In addition, for most species, little is known about stage(s) at which bottlenecks occur, such as breeding vs. nonbreeding...
Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, growth and emergence of particularly tied to temperature. Thus, phenology is anticipated undergo rapid change response warming climate, potentially leading trophic mismatch between insectivorous their prey. Using data from 19 sites spanning wide temperature gradient Subarctic High Arctic, we investigated effects on biomass available shorebirds during short...
Abstract Enrichment of tissues with ≥20-carbon n -3 PUFA like EPA is associated positive cardiovascular outcomes. Stearidonic acid (SDA; 18 : 4 -3) and α-linolenic (ALA; 3 are plant-derived dietary PUFA; however, direct comparisons their impact on tissue content lacking. Ahiflower ® oil extracted from Buglossoides arvensis seeds the richest known non-genetically modified source SDA. To investigate safety efficacy oil, a parallel-group, randomised, double-blind, comparator-controlled phase I...
Most birds incubate their eggs to allow embryo development. This behaviour limits the ability of adults perform other activities. Hence, incubating trade off incubation and nest protection with foraging meet own needs. Parents can either cooperate sustain this tradeoff or alone. The main cause reproductive failure at stage is predation reduce risk by keeping location secret. Arctic sandpipers are interesting biological models investigate parental care evolution as they may use several...
Abstract Resources whose abundance is not affected by the density of consumer population, namely donor‐controlled resources, are ubiquitous. Donor‐controlled resources can act as food subsidies when they sustain populations at higher densities than what would be predicted without dynamics. Herbivore that have access to may reach and maintain high densities, with potential major ecological economic consequences. A better understanding roles on temperate herbivores will likely achieved...
The Arctic is undergoing rapid changes, with anthropogenic shifts in climate having important and well-documented impacts on habitat. Populations of predators their prey are affected by changing other factors, these trophic interactions could have profound effects breeding populations birds. Variable abundance lemmings (a primary generalist predators) increasing light geese (Lesser Snow Ross' Geese; a secondary prey) negative consequences for numerous sympatric shorebirds (an incidental...
Few empirical studies on large herbivores considered how behavioral plasticity could enhance their capacity to cope with rapid and extreme changes in weather conditions at several spatiotemporal scales. During winter, living under low predation pressure mainly trade-off benefits of forage acquisition the costs exposure harsh conditions. We assessed this for white-tailed deer adult females Anticosti Island (Canada) different scales during 2 contrasted winters (i.e., a harsher milder winter)....
The interplay between density and climate in shaping the dynamics of herbivore populations is widely acknowledged, current research fueled by identification mechanisms underlying their effects on individuals populations. We assessed whether forage availability mediated winter body mass white‐tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) yearlings experimentally reducing to 7.5 15 deer/km 2 during eight growing seasons, using causal (graphical) hierarchical models Bayesian modeling assess...
Long-distance migrants are under strong selection to arrive on their breeding grounds at a time that maximizes fitness. Many arctic birds start nesting shortly after snow recedes from sites and timing of snowmelt can vary substantially over the range widespread species. We tested hypothesis migration schedules individuals co-occurring same non-breeding areas adapted average local environmental conditions encountered specific distant Arctic locations. predicted site availability (measured...
Molecular studies show that canid breeding systems are more complex than field data have sometimes suggested. For example, microsatellite DNA fingerprints of offspring and adults within their social group indicate many species thought to form monogamous pairs engage in polygyny, polyandry, plural breeding. In areas, arctic foxes ( Alopex lagopus (L., 1758)) considered monogamous, with the complexity increasing as population isolation increases. We combined a genetic approach spatial on Bylot...
Heterogeneity in foraging behaviour can profoundly influence ecological processes shaping populations. To scale-up from individual to occurring at the population scale, one needs sample level, and over large temporal scales or during critical seasons known life-history traits. We developed an innovative technique monitor level secretive species, a that be ultimately used investigate links between First, novel approach, namely combination of telemetry tracking biomarking faeces with food dyes...
Predation is one of the main factors explaining nesting mortality in most bird species. Birds can avoid nest predation or reduce pressure by breeding at higher latitude, showing anti-predator behaviour, selecting sites protected from predators, and association with protective American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) defend their territory using various warning distraction behaviours displayed varying levels intensity (hereafter "conspicuous behaviour"), as well more aggressive such...
Understanding and predicting large-scale ecological responses to global environmental change requires comparative studies across geographic scales with coordinated efforts standardized methodologies. We designed, applied, assessed protocols measure tundra herbivory at three spatial scales: plot, site (habitat), study area (landscape). The plot- site-level were tested in the field during summers 2014–2015 11 sites, nine of them consisting warming experimental plots included International...
New breeding records for three tundra nesting species were documented on the Arctic island of Igloolik (Nunavut, Canada). The are Cackling Goose (Branta hutchinsii), Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus), and Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos). These refine their range in Canadian archipelago, while highlighting changes detected bird communities at specific locations through time.