Abstract Variants at 21 genetic loci have been associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An important unresolved question is whether multiple factors can be combined to increase the power detect changes in neuroimaging biomarkers AD. We acquired high-resolution structural images of hippocampus 66 healthy, older human subjects. For 45 these subjects, longitudinal 2-year follow-up data were also available. calculated additive AD score each participant and contrasted this...

The current study examined the independent and combined effects of HIV marijuana (MJ) use (no use, light moderate-to-heavy use) on neurocognitive functioning among a convenience sample HIV-positive (HIV+) HIV-negative (HIV–) individuals recruited from community care clinics advertisements in Greater Los Angeles area. MJ users consisted who reported regular for at least 12 months, with last within past month. Participants included 89 HIV+ (n = 55) HIV– 34) were grouped into non-users, users,...

Background and Aims: Legalization of cannabis (CB) for both medicinal and, in some states, recreational use, has given rise to increasing usage rates across the country. Of particular concern are indications that frequent CB use may be selectively harmful developing adolescent brain compared with adult-onset usage. However, long-term effects heavy, on structure cognitive performance late-life remain unknown. A critical region is hippocampus (HC), where there a striking intersection between...

Recent studies suggest that intraindividual variability (IIV) of neuropsychological performance may be sensitive to HIV-associated neurologic compromise. IIV particularly dependent upon the integrity frontal-subcortical systems, and therefore a meaningful phenotype in HIV. We examined relationship between change white matter among HIV seropositive (HIV+) seronegative (HIV-) individuals.

Objective: Among people with severe mental illnesses, neuropsychological abilities may contribute to vocational outcomes, such as job attainment, tenure, and wages earned. The current study aimed determine the strongest other modifiable predictors of work outcomes in 153 illness (schizophrenia, 38%; bipolar disorder, 24%; major depression, 38%) who participated a 2-year supported employment study. Methods: Assessments performance, functional capacity, social skills, psychiatric symptom...

Abstract Objective: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affects 33–46% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may be a risk factor for neuropsychological functional deficits. However, the role RBD on functioning in PD has yet to fully determined. We, therefore, examined differences neurocognitive performance, capacity, psychiatric symptoms among nondemented probable (PD/pRBD+) without (PD/pRBD−), healthy comparison participants (HC). Methods: Totally, 172 (58 PD/pRBD+; 65...

The translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40), which lies in linkage disequilibrium with apolipoprotein E (APOE), has received attention more recently as a promising gene Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. TOMM40 influences AD pathology through neurotoxicity, and the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is most likely brain region for identifying early manifestations AD-related morphology changes.In this study, we examined effects using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging 65 healthy,...

Historically marginalized groups are likely to be exposed social adversity, which predicts important mental health outcomes (e.g., depression). Despite the well-established relationship between adversity and poor health, few studies have examined how differentially among people living with multiple, co-occurring identities or statuses. The current study fills this gap by examining whether relationships depressive symptoms differed those without a stigmatized disease (i.e., HIV) and/or...

Abstract Objectives: People living with HIV (PLWH) are more likely to report sleep difficulties and cognitive deficits. While impairment associated problems have been found in healthy medical populations, less is known about the effects of poor health (SH) on cognition among PLWH. This study examined differences performance participants classified based upon their status reported SH. Methods: One hundred sixteen ( N =116) adults recruited from Greater Los Angeles community were administered...

This study examined rates of objective cognitive and functional impairments associations between performance performance-based capacity in a well-characterized sample adults experiencing homelessness.

Negative symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SZ) remain unmet treatment needs as they are highly prevalent, associated with poor functional outcomes, resistant to pharmacologic treatment. The current pilot randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of an integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Social Skills Training Compensatory Cognitive (CBSST-CCT) intervention compared Goal-focused Supportive Contact (SC) on negative performance.

Abstract In this country, little research has been undertaken into the difficulties faced by students and contributory stressors. It is apparent that they have a lot with which to content. Identification of stressors, assessement stress levels consequences on mental health appear vital.A pilot study was 40 studets: 10 males aged under 21 years, ten 21–40 females age The purpose identify potential factors leading student discontent, problems stress. Students were in professions allied...

In Los Angeles County, the rates of sexually transmitted infections and diseases among African Americans represent a significant public health disparity. Older American women are at particular risk as they more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors report social isolation loneliness than their younger counterparts. However, literature on relationship between mental this group is limited. The purpose study was use community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach better...

Background The translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40), which lies in linkage disequilibrium with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, has been implicated Alzheimer's disease (AD). TOMM40 influences AD pathology through neurotoxicity, and medial temporal lobe (MTL) is most likely brain region for identifying early manifestations AD-related morphology changes. While reports indicated that longer length poly-T allele increases risk AD, these findings have not consistently...

We investigated subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs), as well physical and mental health factors, in adults older adults. U.S. residents (N = 2,962) were recruited via the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform completed a 90-item survey. Overall, 493/1930 (25.5%) of younger 278/1032 (26.9%) endorsed SCCs. Analyses revealed worse characteristics SCC+ compared to SCC- group, with primarily medium (Cohen's d 0.50) large (0.80) effect sizes. Age did not moderate relationships between SCCs...

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is common in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and associated with cognitive impairment; however, the majority of evidence on impact RBD multidomain batteries PD cross-sectional. This study evaluated longitudinal probable (pRBD) cognitive, psychiatric, functional outcomes people PD.Case-control study. A total 65 completed protocol at baseline 16-to-47-month follow-up. Participants were classified as pRBD+ (n = 25) or pRBD- 40) based an established...

Adults who are homeless experience high rates of health conditions and psychological distress, including low IQ functional status. Resources available to help these individuals, but provision support is often contingent upon the identification a known disability. In this context, we examined case managers' (CMs') subjective estimates status in 77 adult residents an urban shelter. Participants completed objective measures capacity. CMs overestimated IQs lower (IQ < 90) participants, correctly...