A5070852791- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
The University of Tokyo
2015-2024
University of Tsukuba
2023
Tohoku University Hospital
2023
Kyoto University Hospital
2017-2020
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2017
University of Illinois Chicago
2017
King's College London
2017
Scripps Research Institute
2017
Japan Science and Technology Agency
2001-2016
Toyoda Gosei (Japan)
2016
Long-term potentiation (LTP) at glutamatergic synapses is considered to underlie learning and memory associated with the enlargement of dendritic spines. Because consolidation LTP require protein synthesis, it important clarify how synthesis affects spine enlargement. In rat brain slices, repetitive pairing postsynaptic spikes two-photon uncaging glutamate single spines (a spike-timing protocol) produced both immediate gradual phases in CA1 pyramidal neurons. The was strongly dependent on...
Animal behaviors are reinforced by subsequent rewards following within a narrow time window. Such reward signals primarily coded dopamine, which modulates the synaptic connections of medium spiny neurons in striatum. The mechanisms timing detection, however, remain unknown. Here, we optically stimulated dopaminergic and glutamatergic inputs separately found that dopamine promoted spine enlargement only during window (0.3 to 2 seconds) after inputs. temporal contingency was detected rapid...
The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the induction and remission of depressive episodes over time are not well understood. Through repeated longitudinal imaging medial prefrontal microcircuits in living brain, we found that spinogenesis plays a critical role sustaining specific antidepressant behavioral effects maintaining long-term remission. Depression-related behavior was associated with targeted, branch-specific elimination postsynaptic dendritic spines on projection neurons....
Glucose metabolism in glycolysis and mitochondria is pivotal to glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. One or more factors derived other than pyruvate appear be required for the generation of mitochondrial signals that lead secretion. The electrons glycolysis-derived reduced form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) are transferred through NADH shuttle system. By abolishing function, increases autofluorescence, membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate content were...
To permit rapid optical control of brain activity, we have engineered multiple lines transgenic mice that express the light-activated cation channel Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in subsets neurons. Illumination ChR2-positive neurons slices produced photocurrents generated action potentials within milliseconds and with precisely timed latencies. The number light-evoked could be controlled by varying either amplitude or duration illumination. Furthermore, frequency up to 30 Hz. Photostimulation...
Long-term potentiation of synapse strength requires enlargement dendritic spines on cerebral pyramidal neurons. depression is linked to spine shrinkage. Indeed, are dynamic structures: they form, change their shapes and volumes, or can disappear in the space hours. Do all such changes result from synaptic activity, do some intrinsic processes? How shrinkage relate elimination generation spines, how these processes contribute stationary distribution volumes? To answer questions, we recorded...
We describe a strategy for developing hydrophilic chemical cocktails tissue delipidation, decoloring, refractive index (RI) matching, and decalcification, based on comprehensive profiling. More than 1,600 chemicals were screened by high-throughput evaluation system each process. The profiling revealed important factors: salt-free amine with high octanol/water partition-coefficient (logP) N-alkylimidazole aromatic amide RI protonation of phosphate ion decalcification. strategic integration...
Insulin secretion from intact mouse pancreatic islets was investigated with two-photon excitation imaging. granule exocytosis occurred mainly toward the interstitial space, away blood vessels. The fusion pore unusually stable a lifetime of 1.8 seconds. Opening 1.4-nanometer-diameter preceded by unrestricted lateral diffusion lipids along inner wall pore, supporting idea that this structure is composed membrane lipids. When dilated to 12 nanometers, granules rapidly flattened and discharged...
Mice carrying a null mutation in the glucokinase (GK) gene pancreatic β-cells, but not liver, were generated by disrupting β-cell-specific exon. Heterozygous mutant mice showed early-onset mild diabetes due to impaired insulin-secretory response glucose. Homozygotes severe shortly after birth and died within week. GK-deficient islets isolated from homozygotes defective insulin secretion glucose, while they responded other secretagogues: almost normally arginine some extent sulfonylureas....