A5075844106- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Birth, Development, and Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Respiratory viral infections research
Biomedical Research and Training Institute
2020-2025
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2020-2025
University of Zimbabwe
2020-2025
Ministry of Health and Child Welfare
2025
University of London
2024
University of the Witwatersrand
2020-2023
South African Medical Research Council
2020-2022
University of Bristol
2022
Parirenyatwa Hospital
2021
BackgroundFaltered linear growth and pubertal delay, which are both common in children with HIV sub-Saharan Africa, might affect adolescent bone accrual future fragility fracture risk. We investigated the association of density adjusted for skeletal size peripubertal Zimbabwe.MethodsWe did a cross-sectional study baseline data from IMVASK cohort, enrolled aged 8–16 years who had been taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) at least 2 years, same age without HIV. Children were recruited public...
Bone age (BA) measurement in children is used to evaluate skeletal maturity and helps the diagnosis of growth disorders children. The two most methods are Greulich Pyle (GP), Tanner Whitehouse 3 (TW3), both based upon assessment a hand-wrist radiograph. To our knowledge no study has compared validated sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), only few have determined BA despite it being region where often impaired for example by HIV malnutrition. This aimed compare as measured (GP TW3) against chronological...
The 2012 Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI2012) provide multi-ethnic spirometric reference equations (SRE) for the 3-95 year-old age range, but Sub-Saharan African populations are not represented. This study aimed to evaluate fit of African-American GLI2012 SRE a population healthy urban and peri-urban Zimbabwean school-going children (7-13 years).Spirometry anthropometry were performed on black-Zimbabwean recruited from three primary schools in Harare, with informed consent assent....
Antiretroviral therapy roll-out has dramatically reduced HIV-related mortality; more women are living to reach menopause. Menopausal estrogen loss causes bone loss, as does HIV and some of its treatments. However, data describing HIV's impact on osteoporosis prevalence fracture risk scarce in southern Africa. A cross-sectional study aged 40-60 years (49% with [WLH]) was conducted Harare, Zimbabwe. Menopause, fracture, history were collected, anthropometry BMD (by DXA) measured, FRAX 10-year...
Adolescents with HIV (AWH) frequently exhibit impaired growth, which manifests as stunting and wasting. We studied trajectories in leg-length (appendicular), sitting (axial), standing height among AWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART), determining peak velocity (PHV) age at PHV (aPHV). Analyses used VITALITY trial data from Zimbabwe Zambia (PACTR20200989766029), recruited (11-19 years) established ART to determine whether vitamin D3/calcium supplementation improves bone health. The study...
Abstract Low vitamin D associated with high parathyroid hormone (PTH) is commonly reported in the context of HIV infection. We determined association between total 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] and PTH adolescents living HIV, Zambia Zimbabwe. Adolescents (11-19 years) perinatally-infected established on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months were recruited into a cross-sectional study. Socio-demographic clinical characteristics recorded, anthropometry measured, fasted serum...
Background: COVID-19 vaccination is critical in sub-Saharan Africa to reduce the disease burden. This study assessed real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) Zimbabwe.Aim: To determine VE and factors associated with severity mortality Zimbabwe.Setting: The setting comprised a test-negative case-control across health facilities Harare Bulawayo (May 2023 – August 2023).Methods: Adults (≥ 18 years) were recruited from registers (1:1 case-control; matched by sex, age clinic visit date). Telephone...
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is crucial for healthcare workers (HCWs). Understanding their vaccine uptake and perceptions vital to promote acceptance.Aim: This study assessed COVID-19 uptake, associated factors HCW willingness recommend in Zimbabwe.Setting: The was conducted through a cross-sectional survey involving 200 HCWs seven central facilities from May 2023 June 2023.Methods: Data on demographics, status, knowledge, attitudes trust information sources...
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare services. Understanding similar epidemic-related disruptions on a broader scope in our local setting is critical for the effective planning of essential study determined impact Coronavirus disease(COVID-19) programs Zimbabwe. Methods A mixed-methods compared service delivery trends from Ministry Health and Child Care before, during post pandemic. It employed two methods data collection: Key informant interviews (KII) secondary...
Menopause-related changes in body composition and physical function are unclear Southern Africa, particularly the context of a generalized HIV epidemic with high antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage. A total 263 Zimbabwean women (53% living [WLH]) aged 40-60 years provided data on menopause, ART use, anthropometry, (appendicular lean mass [ALM], muscle area, fat mass), handgrip strength (HGS) gait speed. Linear regression determined relationships between function, unadjusted...
ABSTRACT The rollout of antiretroviral therapy globally has increased life expectancy across Southern Africa, where 20.6 million people now live with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We aimed to determine the prevalence age-related osteoporosis and sarcopenia, investigate association between HIV, bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength lean mass, gait speed. A cross-sectional community-based study individuals aged 20–80 years in rural South Africa collected demographic clinical data,...
Abstract Background The scale-up of antiretroviral therapy programmes has resulted in increased life expectancy people with HIV Africa. Little is known the menopausal experiences African women, including those living HIV. We aimed to determine prevalence and severity self-reported menopause symptoms women at different stages transition, by status, evaluate how are related health-related quality (HRQoL). further sought understand factors associated symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional study...
ABSTRACT An estimated 25% of South African women live with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antiretroviral therapy roll-out has improved life expectancy, so many more now reach menopause. We aimed to quantify changes in bone mineral density (BMD) during the menopausal transition urban-dwelling and without HIV determine whether infection modified effect menopause on BMD changes. A 5-year population-based longitudinal study recruited aged 40–60 years residing Soweto collected demographic...
Menopause transition is associated with accelerated bone loss, though data are limited from sub-Saharan African (SSA). Our objective was to describe density, geometry and estimated strength in women by menopause status explore whether patterns differed within those living HIV.Radius tibia peripheral QCT were collected for Black South (n = 430) aged 40-61 years verified HIV status. pQCT outcomes distal 4 % radius total cross-sectional area (CSA), volumetric mineral density (vBMD), compressive...
Although asthma is a serious public health concern in Zimbabwe, there lack of information regarding the decision to seek for healthcare services among patients. This study aimed determine care seeking behaviour adult patients with attending Chitungwiza Central Hospital Zimbabwe.A cross-sectional was conducted 400 asthma. A questionnaire four thematic areas (i) patients' demographic characteristics, (ii) types behaviours (iii) knowledge treatment and (iv) attitudes on used.We determined...
Objectives: To determine how muscle strength, power, mass, and density (i.e. quality) differ between children living with HIV (CWH) those uninfected, whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) regime is associated quality. Design: A cross-sectional study in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods: The recruited CWH aged 8–16 years, taking ART for at least 2 from clinics, HIV-uninfected local schools. Muscle outcomes comprised grip strength measured by hand-held Jamar dynamometer, lower limb power standing...
ABSTRACT HIV infection has multi-system adverse effects in children, including on the growing skeleton. We aimed to determine association between chronic and bone architecture (density, size, strength) peripubertal children. conducted a cross-sectional study of children aged 8 16 years with (CWH) antiretroviral therapy (ART) without (CWOH) recruited from schools frequency-matched for age strata sex. Outcomes, measured by tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), included 4%...
Abstract Background Chronic lung disease (CLD) is common among children with HIV (CWH) including in those taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Azithromycin has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects been effective improving function a variety of diseases. We investigated trajectories CWH CLD on ART enrolled randomized controlled trial adjuvant azithromycin. also factors that modified the effect azithromycin function. Methods The study used data from double-blinded...
Abstract Introduction HIV infection and its treatment compromises skeletal development (growth maturation). Skeletal maturity is assessed as bone age (BA) on hand wrist radiographs. BA younger than chronological (CA) indicates delayed development. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine differences between CA (i.e., deviation [SMD]), risk factors associated with SMD in peripubertal children without established antiretroviral therapy (ART) including use of tenofovir disoproxil...
Abstract Background Stunting and pubertal delay are common among children growing up with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated bone muscle impairments. We investigated factors density function in adolescents living HIV (ALWH). Methods The VITALITY trial (PACTR202009897660297) whether vitamin D calcium supplementation improves musculoskeletal health ALWH. A total of 842 ALWH aged 11–19 years, established on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months, were enrolled from clinics Zambia...
Understanding bone accrual in adolescents may inform approaches to improve skeletal health and reduce adult fracture risk. We investigated the effect of HIV on mineral assessed by peripheral Quantitative Computed tomography (pQCT). Children with (CWH) ART for ≥2 years, children without (CWOH), aged 8-16 years (n = 609), had tibial pQCT scans at 0 12 months. Linear regression estimated sex stratified differences change (∆) mean density (trabecular cortical), size (total cross-sectional area...
Vitamin D dysregulation can occur in people living with HIV, disrupting calcium homeostasis, and bone turnover. We aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms by which vitamin regulates turnover adolescents perinatally-acquired HIV (ALWH) Southern Africa. A pre-planned secondary analysis was performed of baseline data from for reduce musculoskeletal morbidity immunopathology trial (PACTR20200989766029) enrolled ALWH (11-19 yr) taking antiretroviral therapy ≥6 mo, recorded...