A5082663017- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Climate Change Communication and Perception
National Oceanography Centre
2011-2019
British Oceanographic Data Centre
2018
University of Southampton
2011-2016
University of South Australia
2014-2015
The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of international programme, and contains measured quality controlled before end 2016. IDP2017 includes from Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern Indian oceans, with about twice volume previous IDP2014. For first time, for a large suite biogeochemical parameters as well aerosol rain characterising atmospheric trace element isotope (TEI) sources. TEI in are by careful assessment intercalibration...
Abstract The Southern Ocean (SO) is an important CO 2 reservoir, some of which enters via the production, sinking, and remineralization organic matter. Recent work suggests that fraction production sinks inversely related to in SO, a suggestion we confirm from 20 stations Scotia Sea. efficiency with exported material transferred depth (transfer efficiency) believed be low high‐latitude systems. However, our estimates transfer are bimodal, seasonal ice zone showing intense losses others...
Coccolithophores are an important component of the Earth system, and, as calcifiers, their possible susceptibility to ocean acidification is major concern. Laboratory studies at enhanced pCO(2) levels have produced divergent results without overall consensus. However, it has been predicted from these that, although calcification may not be depressed in all species, will produce "a transition dominance more less heavily calcified coccolithophores" [Ridgwell A, et al., (2009) Biogeosciences...
Abstract Arctic primary production is sensitive to reductions in sea ice cover, and will likely increase into the future. Whether this increased (PP) translate export of particulate organic carbon (POC) currently unclear. Here we report on POC efficiency during summer 2012 Atlantic sector Ocean. We coupled 234‐thorium based estimates flux onboard incubation‐based PP. Export (defined as fraction PP that exported below 100 m depth: ThE ‐ratio) showed large variability (0.09 ± 0.19–1.3 0.3)....
Abstract. Coccolithophores, a diverse group of phytoplankton, make important contributions to pelagic calcite production and export, yet the comparative biogeochemical role species other than ubiquitous Emiliania huxleyi is poorly understood. The contribution different coccolithophore total controlled by inter-species differences in cellular calcite, growth rate relative abundance within mixed community. In this study we examined importance E. two Coccolithus terms daily production. Culture...
The ocean holds a large reservoir of carbon dioxide (CO2), and mitigates climate change through uptake anthropogenic CO2. Fluxes CO2 between the atmosphere surface are regulated by number physical biogeochemical processes, resulting in spatiotemporally heterogeneous distribution. Determining influence each individual process is useful for interpreting marine carbonate system observations, also necessary to investigate how changes these drivers could affect air-sea exchange. Biogeochemical...
Abstract. The spring bloom is a key annual event in the phenology of pelagic ecosystems, making major contribution to oceanic biological carbon pump through production and export organic carbon. However, there little consensus as main drivers formation, exacerbated by lack situ observations phytoplankton community composition its evolution during this critical period. We investigated dynamics structure at two contrasting sites Iceland Norwegian basins early stage (25 March–25 April) 2012...
Abstract Sinking organic matter in the North Atlantic Ocean transfers 1–3 Gt carbon yr −1 from surface ocean to interior. The majority of this exported material is thought be form large, rapidly sinking particles that aggregate during or after spring phytoplankton bloom. However, recent work has suggested intermittent water column stratification resulting termination deep convection can isolate euphotic zone, leading export small particles. We present depth profiles large (>0.1 mm...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 555:29-47 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11820 Species-specific calcite production reveals Coccolithus pelagicus as key calcifier in Arctic Ocean Chris J. Daniels1,2,*, Alex Poulton1, Jeremy R. Young3, Mario Esposito1, Matthew P. Humphreys2, Mariana Ribas-Ribas2,4, Eithne Tynan2, Toby Tyrrell2...
Abstract. Coccolithophores are an abundant phytoplankton group that exhibit remarkable diversity in their biology, ecology and calcitic exoskeletons (coccospheres). Their extensive fossil record is a testament to important biogeochemical role valuable archive of biotic responses environmental change stretching back over 200 million years. However, realise the full potential this for (palaeo-)biology biogeochemistry requires understanding physiological processes underpin coccosphere...
The seasonal variability of plankton metabolism indicates how much carbon is cycling within a system, as well its capacity to store or export organic matter and CO2 the deep ocean. Seasonal between November 2014, April 2015 July in respiration bacterial (Bacteria + Archaea) reported for upper bottom mixing layers at two stations Celtic Sea, UK. Upper layer (UML, >75 m November, 41–70 ∼50 July) depth-integrated showed strong changes with maximum (1.2- 2-fold greater compared July,...
Coccolithophores are key components of phytoplankton communities, exerting a critical impact on the global carbon cycle and Earth's climate through production coccoliths made calcium carbonate (calcite) bioactive gases. Microzooplankton grazing is an important mortality factor in coccolithophore blooms, however little currently known regarding (or growth) rates within non-bloom populations. Measurements calcite (CP) dilution experiments to determine microzooplankton (≤63 µm) were during...
Abstract. The biological production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a process termed calcification, is key term in the marine carbon cycle. A major planktonic group responsible for such pelagic CaCO3 (CP) coccolithophores, single-celled haptophytes that inhabit euphotic zone ocean. Satellite-based estimates areal CP are limited to surface waters and open-ocean areas, with current algorithms utilising unique optical properties cosmopolitan bloom-forming species Emiliania huxleyi, whereas little...
Spring phytoplankton blooms are important events in Shelf Sea pelagic systems as the increase carbon production results increased food availability for higher trophic levels and export of to deeper waters sea-floor. It is usually accepted that abundance followed by an plankton respiration. However, this expectation derived from field studies with a low temporal sampling resolution (5–15 days). In study we have measured time course abundance, gross primary production, community respiration,...
Following earlier data suggesting a decoupling between coccolithophore abundance and its suggested proxy, particulate inorganic carbon (PIC), we investigated this relationship in the Bay of Biscay (northwest European shelf), December 2009 July 2010. Coccolithophore abundance, coccolith calcite, PIC were determined surface waters (5‐m depth) along transect crossing Bay. Emiliania huxleyi was most abundant species main contributor calcite (55–64%). ranged from 0.07 to 11.7 mmol C m −3 , 0.002...
The availability of iron (Fe) can seasonally limit phytoplankton growth in the High Latitude North Atlantic (HLNA), greatly reducing efficiency biological carbon pump. However, spatial extent seasonal limitation is not yet known. We present autumn nutrient and dissolved Fe measurements, combined with microphytoplankton distribution, waters overlying Hebridean (Scottish) shelf break. A distinct biogeochemical divide was observed, deficient surface beyond break, much further eastwards than...
Abstract Global mass balance calculations indicate the majority of particulate organic carbon (POC) exported from shelf seas is transferred via downslope exchange processes. Here we demonstrate flux POC Hebrides Shelf approximately 3‐ to 5‐fold larger per unit length/area than global mean. To reach this conclusion, quantified offshore transport and dissolved fractions “Ekman Drain,” a strong downwelling feature NW European circulation, subsequently compared these fluxes simultaneous regional...
The edge of the North West European Shelf (NWES) is characterised by a steep continental slope and northward flowing current. These topographic/hydrographic features separate oceanic water shelf masses hence potentially phytoplankton communities. current may facilitate advective transport phytoplankton, with mixing at supporting nutrient supply therefore production. On west Scottish in particular, little known about communities around break adjacent waters. Hence, to improve our...
High concentrations (464 cells mL-1) of Syracosphaera bannockii have been identified for the first time, in Bay Biscay during April 2010. These high combined with coccolithophore community dominance (~87%) indicated that a bloom S. had formed. While consisted mostly heterococcolith coccospheres, both holococcolith coccospheres and holococcolith-heterococcolith combination were observed. This is only second time
A detailed analysis of the internal stoichiometry a temperate latitude shelf sea system is presented which reveals strong vertical and horizontal gradients in dissolved nutrient particulate concentrations elemental those pools. Such have implications for carbon export from coastal waters to open ocean. The mixed layer inorganic shifted balanced N:P winter, elevated spring depleted summer, relative Redfield ratio. This pattern suggests increased likelihood P limitation fast growing...
Abstract. The biological production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a process termed calcification, is key term in the marine carbon cycle. A major planktonic group responsible for such pelagic CaCO3 (CP) are coccolithophores, single-celled haptophytes that inhabit euphotic zone ocean. Satellite-based estimates areal CP limited to open-ocean waters, with current algorithms utilising unique optical properties cosmopolitan bloom-forming species Emiliania huxleyi, whereas little understanding and...