A5049493862- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Heat shock proteins research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Restraint-Related Deaths
Magna Graecia University
2023
California State University, Fullerton
2009-2022
Cornell University
2007-2009
California State University System
2009
Ithaca College
2007-2009
The Pirbright Institute
2000-2006
Organic Research Centre
2000-2001
Western University
1995-1997
Plant genomes encode large numbers of nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins, some which mediate the recognition pathogen-encoded proteins. Following recognition, initiation a resistance response is thought to be mediated by domains present at N termini NB-LRR either Toll Interleukin-1 Receptor or coiled-coil (CC) domain. In order understand role CC domain in function, we have undertaken systematic structure-function analysis potato (Solanum tuberosum) CC-NB-LRR protein...
Plant NB-LRR proteins confer robust protection against microbes and metazoan parasites by recognizing pathogen-derived avirulence (Avr) that are delivered to the host cytoplasm. Microbial Avr usually function as virulence factors in compatible interactions; however, little is known about types of recognized their relationship with virulence. In this report, we demonstrate secreted protein RBP-1 from potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida elicits defense responses, including cell death...
Summary Race‐specific disease resistance in plants is mediated by the products of host ( R ) genes. Plant genomes possess hundreds gene homologs encoding nucleotide‐binding and leucine‐rich repeat (NB‐LRR) proteins. NB‐LRR proteins induce a response following recognition pathogen‐encoded avirulence (Avr) However, little known about general mechanisms which recognize Avr or how they subsequently defense responses. The Rx protein potato confers to virus X (PVX). Using co‐purification strategy,...
Active resistance to viruses is afforded by plant disease (R) genes, which encode proteins with nucleotide-binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. Upon recognition of pathogen-derived elicitors, these NB-LRR are thought initiate a number signaling pathways that lead pathogen restriction. However, little known about the molecular mechanisms ultimately curtail virus accumulation. Here, we show co-expression protein its cognate elicitor results in an antiviral response inhibits...
Characterization of the expression hsp90 genes Brassica napus by northern blot analysis and immunoblotting showed that mRNA protein are present in all B. tissues examined, albeit at different levels. High levels were found young rapidly dividing such as shoot apices flower buds, suggesting may have an important role plant growth development. A significant increase was detected seedlings exposed to 5[deg]C. The transcript reached a maximum within 1 d cold treatment remained elevated for...
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that induces T-cell lymphomas in poultry. We report the construction of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones highly RB-1B strain by inserting mini-F vector sequences into U(S)2 locus. MDV reconstituted from two BAC induced rapid-onset similar to those wild-type virus. Virus another clone showed a 7.7-kbp deletion internal and terminal unique long repeat regions was nononcogenic, suggesting deleted region may be associated...
The effect of 24‐epibrassinolide (EBS), a brassinosteroid, on the response smooth bromegrass ( Bromus inermis Leyss) cell suspension cultures under low and high temperature stress was evaluated. EBS minimally increased freezing tolerance cells by 3–5°C, but markedly enhanced viability following exposure to stress. net hardening was, however, less than that obtained with abscisic acid (ABA). Treatment accumulation subset ABA‐inducible heat‐stable proteins, unlike ABA, did not induce...
Marek's disease (MD), a highly infectious caused by an oncogenic herpesvirus, is one of the few herpesvirus diseases against which live attenuated vaccines are used as main strategy for control. We have constructed bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) CVI988 (Rispens) strain virus, most widely and effective vaccine MD. Viruses derived from BAC clones were stable after in vitro vivo passages showed characteristics growth kinetics similar to those parental virus. Molecular analysis...
Summary Plant disease resistance ( R ) proteins that confer to viruses recognize viral gene products with diverse functions, including suppressors of RNA silencing VSRs ). The P 0 protein from poleroviruses is a VSR targets the ARGONAUTE 1 AGO 1) for degradation, thereby disrupting and antiviral defences. Here, we report against in N icotiana glutinosa directed T urnip yellows virus TuYV otato leafroll PLRV u ), PL C ucurbit aphid‐borne CA were found elicit hypersensitive response HR ....
ABSTRACT The existence of novel endogenous retrovirus elements in the chicken genome, designated EAV-HP, with close sequence identity to env gene avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup J has been reported (L. M. Smith, A. Toye, K. Howes, N. Bumstead, L. Payne, and Venugopal, J. Gen. Virol. 80:261–268, 1999). To resolve genome structure these retroviral elements, we have determined complete two proviral clones EAV-HP from a line N genomic DNA yeast artificial chromosome library meat-type 21...
ABSTRACT Avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup J is thought to have emerged through a recombination event between an unknown exogenous ALV and the endogenous retrovirus elements designated EAV-HP. All EAV-HP identified date in chicken genome show large deletions, including that of entire pol gene. Here we report identification four segregating proviruses with complete genes, one which shows exceptionally high sequence identity close phylogenetic relationship ALV-J respect env Embryonic...
Ancient endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), designated avian retrovirus (EAVs), are present in all Gallus spp. including the chicken, and resemble modern sarcoma leukosis viruses (ASLVs). The EAVs comprise several distinct retroviruses, EAV-0, EAV-E51 EAV-HP, as well a putative member previously named retrotransposon of chickens (ART-CH). Thus far, only EAV-HP elements have been characterized. Here, we determined sequences representative EAV-0 proviruses by cloning data mining 2011 assembly...
ABSTRACT Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), an exogenous avian retrovirus, is thought to have evolved by recombination with the highly identical env gene of endogenous retrovirus EAV-HP. Embryonic expression EAV-HP has been suggested be associated induction immunological tolerance, a feature observed in significant proportion meat-type chickens infected ALV-J. In support this hypothesis, we demonstrate that loci, some which could are still segregating within chicken population.
ABSTRACT The EAV-HP group of chicken endogenous retrovirus elements was previously shown to be defective, with large deletions the pol gene. In this report, we demonstrate that genomes other Gallus species also maintain similar deletions. EAV-HP1 locus detected in both red ( gallus ) and Sonnerat's sonneratii jungle fowl identical integration sites, indicating these had integrated before separation species. Furthermore, for first time G. genome carries intact regions.
The protein P0 serves as the viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) for poleroviruses, but elicits hypersensitive response (HR) in specific Nicotiana species. We subjected proteins from turnip yellows virus (P0Tu) and potato leafroll (P0PL) to serial deletion performed extensive site-directed mutagenesis P0Tu. Most deletions N-terminus many substitution mutations disrupted both HR elicitation VSR activity. Two conserved blocks amino acid residues were found be associated with HR. A double...
Effector-triggered immunity mediated by immune receptors in plants provides powerful defense against specific pathogens. Solanum tuberosum Ran GTPase-Activating Protein 2 (StRanGAP2) interacts with Rx and Gpa2 through their coiled-coil (CC) domains. We assayed additional CC domains from other Solanaceous observed interaction co-immunoprecipitation between StRanGAP2 a novel receptor, STR5. A domain very similar to Gpa2, STR4, failed interact, likely due sequence divergence the region...
Reverse-transcribing retroviruses exist as horizontally transmitted infectious agents or vertically endogenous (ERVs) resident in eukaryotic genomes, and they are phylogenetically related to the long terminal repeat (LTR) class of retrotransposons. ERVs retrotransposons often distinguished only by presence absence a gene encoding envelope glycoprotein ( env ). Endogenous elements virus family Metaviridae include insect-restricted Errantivirus genus ERVs, for which some members possess ,...
The Turnip yellows virus (TuYV) protein P0 (P0 Tu ) is a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) that targets Argonaute (AGO) proteins for degradation. also recognized in Nicotiana glutinosa accession TW59, which it elicits hypersensitive response (HR) and resistance to TuYV. We are interested understanding how interacts with the host plant cell as VSR versus an elicitor HR. To identify amino acids critical these activities, has been subjected serial deletion analysis site‐directed...
Effector‐triggered immunity (ETI) is a plant defense mechanism that evolved to detect pathogen effector proteins and initiate immune responses. Effectors are recognized by direct or indirect interaction with receptor proteins. ETI often limits proliferation promoting hypersensitive response (HR), type of programmed cell death. In tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ), the Tm2‐2 provides resistance Tobamovirus 30kDa movement protein. belongs CC‐NBS‐LRR class proteins, for which activation mediated...