A5046486336- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Complement system in diseases
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Blood groups and transfusion
Université Paris Cité
2016-2025
Mère et Enfant en Milieu Tropical
2016-2025
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2016-2025
Sorbonne Paris Cité
2013-2024
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research
2016-2023
University of Ghana
2016-2023
Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales
2023
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2022
Délégation Paris 5
2009-2019
Sorbonne Université
2003-2019
Despite the clinically proven advantages of intermittent preventive treatment malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), utilisation has been low many African countries. To increase uptake and achieve desired effect, World Health Organization revised policy to a monthly administration. Assessing coverage impact on neonatal outcomes is, therefore, necessity. A 2-parallel cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out among pregnant women attending first antenatal...
Plasmodium falciparum parasites that bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) express unique variant surface antigens are involved in the placental sequestration precipitates pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM). Two var gene subfamilies, var1csa and var2csa have been associated with CSA binding. We show here P. isolates highly transcribed but not var1csa. was or only minimally by isolated from nonpregnant women. Placental effectively bound proteoglycans higher levels of var2csa. In pregnant...
Cerebral malaria is a deadly outcome of infection by Plasmodium falciparum, occurring when parasite-infected erythrocytes accumulate in the brain. These display parasite proteins PfEMP1 family that bind various endothelial receptors. Despite importance cerebral malaria, binding phenotype linked to its symptoms has not been identified. Here, we used structural biology determine how group interacts with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), allowing us predict binders from specific...
Introduction The objective of this study was to measure the rate asymptomatic carriage plasmodium in Dakar region two years after implementation new strategies clinical malaria management. Methodology Between October and December 2008, 2952 households selected 50 sites area, were visited for interviews blood sampling. Giemsa-stained thick smears (TBS) performed microscopy adult women children aged 2 10 years. To ensure quality microscopy, we a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with real time...
Molecular, as opposed to microscopic, detection measures the real prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Such occult infections are common during pregnancy but their impact on outcomes is unclear. We performed a longitudinal study describe that impact.In cohort 1037 Beninese pregnant women, we used ultrasound accurately estimate gestational ages. Infection with P. falciparum, hemoglobin concentration, use intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) for malaria, and other parameters...
Malaria in pregnancy has major impacts on mother and child health. To complement existing interventions, such as intermittent preventive treatment use of impregnated bed nets, we developed a malaria vaccine candidate with the aim reducing sequestration asexual "blood-stage" parasites placenta, virulence mechanism.The PAMVAC is based recombinant fragment VAR2CSA, Plasmodium falciparum protein responsible for binding to placenta via chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Healthy, adult malaria-naive...
The widespread insecticide resistance raises concerns for vector control implementation and sustainability particularly the of main human malaria, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. However, extent to which mechanisms interfere with development malignant malaria parasite in its their impact on overall transmission remains unknown. We explore outcome Plasmodium falciparum infection natural using three An. strains sharing a common genetic background, one susceptible insecticides two resistant,...
Although consequences of malaria in pregnancy are well known, the period which infection has highest impact is still unclear. In Benin, we followed up a cohort 1,037 women through until delivery. The objective was to evaluate relationship between timing and birth weight, maternal anemia at At beginning pregnancy, peripheral infections were associated with decrease mean weight (−98.5 g; P = 0.03) an increase risk delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.6; 0.03). Infections late related higher...
Abstract Placental malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes that bind to placental tissue. Binding mediated VAR2CSA, a parasite antigen coded the var gene, which interacts with chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Consequences include maternal anemia and fetal growth retardation. Antibody-mediated immunity acquired during successive pregnancies, but target of VAR2CSA-specific protective antibodies unclear. We assessed in pregnant women analyzed their relationships protection...
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) mediates the binding and accumulation of infected erythrocytes (IE) to blood vessels tissues. Specific interactions have been described between PfEMP1 human endothelial proteins CD36, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), C receptor (EPCR); however, cytoadhesion patterns typical for pediatric malaria syndromes associated members are still undefined. In a cohort 94 hospitalized children with malaria, we characterized...
Abstract Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family members mediate receptor- and tissue-specific sequestration of infected erythrocytes (IEs) in malaria. Antibody responses are a central component naturally acquired malaria immunity. PfEMP1-specific IgG likely protects by inhibiting IE through IgG-Fc Receptor (FcγR) mediated phagocytosis killing antibody-opsonized IEs. The affinity afucosylated to FcγRIIIa is up 40-fold higher than fucosylated IgG, resulting...
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the fastest evolving pandemics in recent history. As such, SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution needs to be continuously tracked. This study sequenced 1123 genomes from patient isolates (121 arriving travellers and 1002 communities) track molecular spatio-temporal dynamics variants Ghana. data show that initial local transmission was dominated by B.1.1 lineage, but second wave overwhelmingly driven Alpha variant. Subsequently, an unheralded variant under...
Pregnancy-associated malaria is a major health problem, which mainly affects primigravidae living in endemic areas. The syndrome precipitated by accumulation of infected erythrocytes placental tissue through an interaction between chondroitin sulphate A on syncytiotrophoblasts and parasite-encoded protein the surface erythrocytes, believed to be VAR2CSA. VAR2CSA polymorphic approximately 3,000 amino acids forming six Duffy-binding-like (DBL) domains. For vaccine development it important...
Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is precipitated by the accumulation of parasites in placental intervillous spaces and causes maternal anemia low birth weight. In PAM, adhere to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) through a unique set variant surface antigens (VSAPAM). Several studies have shown that 1 var gene, var2csa, transcribed at high levels expressed CSA-binding Plasmodium falciparum parasites.Plasma anti-VAR2CSA immunoglobulin G (IgG) Senegalese women were measured during pregnancy...
Binding to chondroitin sulfate A by VAR2CSA, a parasite protein expressed on infected erythrocytes, allows placental sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. This leads severe consequences such as maternal anemia, stillbirths, and intrauterine growth retardation. The latter has been clearly associated increased morbidity mortality the infants. Acquired anti-VAR2CSA antibodies have with improved pregnancy outcomes, suggesting vaccine could prevent syndrome. However,...
Background Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1) is a highly polymorphic adherence receptor expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes. Based sequence homology PfEMP-1 variants have been grouped into three major groups A-C, conserved VAR2CSA variants, and semi-conserved types defined by tandem runs specific domains ("domain cassettes" (DC)). The type determines phenotype, associated with clinical outcome infection. Methods Parasite isolates from Beninese...
Abstract We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- middle-income countries Africa. The large endemicity escalating threat of such as malaria arboviral diseases, intensified by change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. highlight urgency prioritizing research development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, vital role that next generation African leaders will play addressing these challenges....
The var2csa gene encodes a Plasmodium falciparum adhesion receptor which binds chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). This var is more conserved than other PfEMP1/var genes and found in all P. isolates. In isolates 3D7, FCR3/It4 HB3, transcribed from sub-telomeric position on the left arm of chromosome 12, but it not known if this location parasites. Genome sequencing indicates that duplicated whether true natural populations uncertain.To assess global variation VAR2CSA protein, sequence DBL2X region...
Malaria remains a major threat, in sub-Saharan Africa primarily, and the most deadly infections are those with Plasmodium falciparum. Pregnancy-associated malaria is clinically important complication of infection; it results from unique interaction between proteoglycans placental intervillous space parasite antigens. Both chondroitin sulphate A-selected parasites have high-level transcripts var gene named var2csa. However, VAR2CSA has not been consistently found by proteomic analysis...
Acquired protection from Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria, a major cause of maternal, fetal, and infant morbidity, is mediated by IgG specific for the P. erythrocyte membrane protein 1 variant VAR2CSA. This enables adhesion falciparum-infected erythrocytes to chondroitin sulfate A in intervillous space. Although interclonal variation var2csa gene lower than that among var genes general, VAR2CSA-specific Abs appear target mainly polymorphic epitopes. has raised doubts about feasibility...
Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) adhere to host cell receptors, allowing parasites sequester into deep vascular beds of various organs. This defining phenomenon malaria pathogenesis is key the severe clinical complications associated with cerebral and placental malaria. The principal ligand binding chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) that allows sequestration IEs a P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family member encoded by var2csa gene.Here, we investigated...
The disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) involves different clinical manifestations that, cumulatively, kill hundreds of thousands every year. Placental malaria (PM) is one such manifestation in which Pf infected erythrocytes (IE) bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) through expression VAR2CSA, a parasite-derived antigen. Protection against PM mediated antibodies that inhibit binding IE the placental intervillous space. VAR2CSA large antigen incompatible with scale recombinant...
Background. Pregnancy-associated malaria is characterized by selection and multiplication, in the placenta, of a distinct population Plasmodium falciparum expressing particular variant surface antigens (VSAs) that adhere to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Methods. The adhesion 40 freshly collected placental parasite isolates bovine CSA human low-sulfated proteoglycans (CSPGs) was investigated. Plasma samples from 30 pregnant women were used test, flow cytometry, their recognition...