A5063185124- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
The University of Melbourne
2006-2020
Peter Doherty Institute
2020
Effective immunotherapies for HIV are needed. Drug therapies life-long with significant toxicities. Dendritic-cell based immunotherapy approaches promising but impractical widespread use. A simple immunotherapy, reinfusing fresh autologous blood cells exposed to overlapping SIV peptides 1 hour ex vivo, was assessed the control of SIVmac251 replication in 36 pigtail macaques. An initial set four immunizations administered under antiretroviral cover and a booster three 6 months later....
The global impact of HIV/AIDS intensifies the need for a preventive vaccine and nonhuman primate models can help provide critical insights into effective immunity. Pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) are increasingly studied as model AIDS. We compared virologic immunologic characteristics HIV-1, SIV, SHIV infection naive pigtail across series preclinical HIV studies. SIVmac251 SIVmac239 resulted in gradual decline peripheral CD4+ T cells setting high levels viremia, approximating most...
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can be effective at controlling HIV-1 in humans and SIV macaques, but their utility is partly offset by mutational escape. The kinetics of CTL escape reversion mutant viruses upon transmission to MHC-mismatched hosts help us understand CTL-mediated viral control the fitness cost extracted immune mutation. Traditional methods for following are, however, insensitive minor quasispecies. We developed sensitive quantitative real-time PCR assays track load...
ABSTRACT Vaccination against AIDS is hampered by great diversity between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains. Heterologous B-subtype-based simian-human (SHIV) DNA prime and poxvirus boost vaccine regimens can induce partial, T-cell-mediated, protective immunity in macaques. We analyzed a set of DNA, recombinant fowlpox viruses (FPV), vaccinia (VV) expressing subtype AE HIV type 1 (HIV-1) Tat, Rev, Env proteins SIV Gag/Pol 30 pigtail Gag-specific CD4 CD8 T-cell responses were induced...
The kinetics of immune escape and reversion depend upon the efficiency CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) fitness cost mutations. Escape three simian immunodeficiency virus Gag CTL epitopes in pigtail macaques were variable; those KP9 AF9 faster than KW9. Kinetics mutant to wild type passage naïve major histocompatibility complex-mismatched also varied. Rapid occurred at KP9, gradual biphasic AF9, KW9 failed revert. impact these mutations is > These data provide insights into differential...
Many current-generation human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines induce specific T cells to control acute viremia, but their utility following infection with escape mutant is unclear. We studied reversion wild type of an simian-HIV in major histocompatibility complex-matched vaccinated pigtail macaques. High levels vaccine-induced CD8+ strongly correlated maintenance during infection. Interestingly, animals lower T-cell levels, transient wild-type resulted better postacute viremia....
The rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2 and resultant mortality social disruption have highlighted the need to better understand coronavirus immunity expedite vaccine development efforts. Multiple candidate vaccines, designed elicit protective neutralising antibodies targeting viral spike glycoprotein, are rapidly advancing clinical trial. However, immunogenic properties protein in humans unresolved. To address this, we undertook an in-depth characterisation humoral cellular against following...