A5043008488- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Voice and Speech Disorders
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Dysphagia Assessment and Management
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Cardiovascular Conditions and Treatments
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
2019-2025
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2022
Pulmonary Associates
2022
University of Cincinnati
2020-2021
University of Colombo
2016
Rationale: Dynamic collapse of the tracheal lumen (tracheomalacia) occurs frequently in premature neonates, particularly those with common comorbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The increases effort necessary to breathe (work breathing [WOB]). However, quantifying increased WOB related tracheomalacia has previously not been possible. Therefore, it is also currently possible separate impact on patient symptoms from parenchymal abnormalities.Objectives: To measure increase due...
ABSTRACT Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is an innovative alternative treatment option for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients unable to tolerate continuous positive airway pressure. However, the success rate of HGNS variable, but reasons underlying variation efficacy are not well understood. In this pilot study three male subjects, we propose innovative, non‐invasive method quantify structural and functional changes upper that occur with HGNS. We used four‐dimensional computed...
Abstract Introduction Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) has emerged as an alternative treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients in who cannot tolerate continuous positive airway pressure therapy. While clinical trials of HGNS have demonstrated reductions the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), efficacy remains variable. Current assessment methods like polysomnography and drug-induced endoscopy limitations quantifying complex interaction between upper anatomy airflow. Novel are needed...
Neonates with respiratory issues are frequently treated aerosolized medications to manage lung disease or facilitate airway clearance. Dynamic tracheal collapse (tracheomalacia [TM]) is a common comorbidity in these patients, but it unknown whether the presence of TM alters delivery drugs.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of respiratory airflow have the potential to change clinical assessment regional airway function in health and disease, pulmonary medicine otolaryngology. For example, diseases where multiple sites obstruction occur, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), CFD can identify which contribute most resistance may therefore be candidate for surgery. The main barrier uptake date has been difficulty validating results against a gold standard. Invasive...
Upper airway neuromuscular response to air pressure during inhalation is an important factor in assessing pediatric subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The response's strength, timing, and duration all contribute the potential for collapses severity of OSA. This study quantifies these factors at soft palate, tongue, epiglottis assess relationship between control OSA 20 without trisomy 21, under dexmedetomidine-induced sedation. interaction force airflow was assessed based on power...
Objectives Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is the most common type of laryngeal in neonates. SGS severity currently graded based on percent area obstruction (%AO) via Myer‐Cotton grading scale. However, patients with similar %AO can have widely different clinical courses. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) patient‐specific imaging quantify relationship between airway geometry and flow dynamics. We investigated effect axial position work breathing (WOB) neonates using magnetic resonance imaging....
Introduction Delivering surfactant via thin catheters (minimal-invasive therapy (MIST); less invasive administration (LISA)) has become a common procedure. However, the effect of tracheal obstruction caused by different sizes on resistance in extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) is unknown. Methods To investigate size 3.5, 5 and 6 French airway ELGANs 23–28 weeks during LISA, we performed calculations based Hagen-Poiseuille's law compared these with clinically physically more...
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an airway disease caused by periodic collapse of the during sleep. Imaging-based subject-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations allow non-invasive assessment clinically relevant metrics such as total pressure loss (TPL) in patients with OSA. However, most studies use static geometries, which neglect physiological motion. This study aims to quantify how much moves respiratory cycle, and determine this motion affects CFD predictions. Motion...
Objective/Hypothesis To assess the ability of ultra‐short echo time (UTE)‐MRI to detect subglottic stenosis (SGS) and evaluate response balloon dilation. correlate measurements from UTE‐MRI with endotracheal‐tube (ETT)‐sizing investigate whether SGS causes change in airway dynamics. Study Design Animal research study. Methods Eight adult New‐Zealand white rabbits were used as they approximate neonatal airway‐size. The airways measured using ETT‐sizing 3D at baseline, 2 weeks...
"Virtual Bronchoscopy of Neonatal Airway Malacia via High-Resolution, Respiratory-gated Magnetic Resonance Imaging." American Journal Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206(5), pp. e42–e43
Tracheomalacia is an airway condition in which the trachea excessively collapses during breathing. Neonates diagnosed with tracheomalacia require more energy to breathe, and effect of can be quantified by assessing flow-resistive work breathing (WOB) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling airway. However, CFD simulations are computationally expensive; ability instead predict WOB based on straightforward measures would provide a clinically useful estimate tracheal disease severity....
Background. Thoracoabdominal MRI is limited by respiratory motion, especially in populations who cannot perform breath-holds. One approach for reducing motion blurring radially-acquired gating. Straightforward 'hard-gating' uses only data from a specified window and suffers reduced SNR. Proposed 'soft-gating' reconstructions may improve scan efficiency but reduce correction incorporating with nonzero weight acquired outside the window. However, previous studies report conflicting benefits,...