A5086614747- Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Restraint-Related Deaths
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Heavy metals in environment
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods
- GABA and Rice Research
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
RTI International
2012-2025
Triangle
2024
Office of Chief Medical Examiner
2004-2020
American Medical Association
2020
National Committee for Quality Assurance
1999-2019
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2002-2018
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
2018
NC Department of Health and Human Services
2018
University of North Carolina Health Care
2018
Society of Toxicology
2012-2015
<h3>Importance</h3> Products containing cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) have proliferated since 2018, when the Agriculture Improvement Act removed hemp (ie, cannabis <0.3% Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) from US controlled substances list. Topical cannabinoid products can be purchased nationwide at retail stores and over internet, yet research on these is scarce. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate content CBD THC) label accuracy of topical to quantify their therapeutic...
Abstract The National Association of Medical Examiners convened an expert panel to update the association's evidence-based recommendations for investigating and certifying deaths associated with opioids other misused substances improve death certificate mortality data public health surveillance. are as follows: 1. Autopsy provides best information on a decedent's medical condition optimal interpretation toxicology results, circumstances surrounding death, history, scene findings. considers...
The transdermal fentanyl system delivers a specific dose at constant rate. Even after the prescribed application time has elapsed, enough remains within patch to provide potentially lethal dose. Death due intravenous injection of extracted from patches not been previously reported. We present 4 cases in which source was and injected. In all these cases, victim white male who died home. Case 1 35-year-old with no known history drug use, found by his wife on floor workshop. Police recovered...
Loperamide (Imodium®) has been accepted as a safe, effective, over-the-counter anti-diarrheal drug with low potential for abuse. It is synthetic opioid that lacks central nervous system activity at prescribed doses, rendering it ineffective Since 2012, however, the North Carolina Office of Chief Medical Examiner seen cases involving loperamide supratherapeutic levels indicate The recommended dose associated should not exceed 16 mg per day, although users seeking an opioid-like high...
Abstract There is limited data on the comparative pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) across oral and vaporized formulations. This within-subject, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled laboratory study analyzed pharmacokinetic profile CBD, ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) related metabolites in blood fluid (OF) after participants (n = 18) administered 100 mg CBD each following formulations: (1) (2) (3) CBD-dominant cannabis containing 10.5% 0.39% ∆9-THC (3.7 mg); all also...
Abstract The market for products containing cannabidiol (CBD) is booming globally. However, the pharmacokinetics of CBD in different oral formulations and impact use on urine drug testing outcomes cannabis (e.g., 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THCCOOH)) are understudied. This study characterized urinary (100 mg) following vaporization or administration (including three formulations: gelcap, pharmacy-grade syrup Epidiolex) as well vaporized CBD-dominant (containing 100 mg 3.7...
Abstract Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) have proliferated after the 2018 Farm Bill legalized hemp (cannabis with ≤0.3% delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)). CBD-containing topical products surged in popularity, but controlled clinical studies on them are limited. This study characterized effects of five commercially available hemp-derived high CBD/low Δ9-THC products. Healthy adults (N = 46) received one six drugs: a cream 8), lotion patch 7), balm gel 6) or placebo 9; matched to an...
A method was developed for measuring cocaine and its metabolites, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, norcocaine, ethyl cocaethylene, m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine, in breast milk by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Limits of detection this ranged from 2.5 to 10 ng/mL, limits quantitation 5 50 ng/mL. For each the compounds measured method, linear response demonstrated 750 Breast collected 11 mothers who admitted drug use during pregnancy ten drug-free volunteers serving as control...
The increased use of cocaine by women child-bearing age has left many health care scientists searching for improved methods detecting prenatal exposure. To that end, a study the determination and its metabolites in amniotic fluid umbilical cord tissue was undertaken. Amniotic (n = 32) 70) specimens were collected from pregnant subjects admitted to labor delivery at Shands Hospital University Florida (Gainesville, FL). Subjects interviewed regarding drug during each trimester. reporting...
Seven opioid analytes including codeine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, and oxymorphone were detected in postmortem blood (n > 1000). Two milliliters of specimen was deproteinated with approximately 2.5 mL methanol derivatized hydroxylamine before solid-phase extraction derivatization BSTFA + 1% TMCS. Extracts assayed by gas chromatography-electron impact-mass spectrometry utilizing selected ion mode. One-microliter aliquots injected onto an HP-1MS...
∆8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC) recently became widely available as an alternative to cannabis. ∆8-THC is likely impairing and poses a threat workplace traffic safety. In the present study, prevalence of in drug testing was investigated by analyzing 1,504 urine specimens with positive immunoassay cannabinoid initial test using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method quantifying 15 analytes after hydrolysis. ∆8-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (∆8-THC-COOH)...
Oxymorphone, a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic, has been available as Numorphan since the 1950s in form of injectable solutions and suppository. Recently, 2006, oxymorphone was approved by Federal Drug Administration for use immediate extended release tablets under trade name Opana. Since advent Opana, number deaths involving risen considerably State North Carolina. To date, there are very few reported values postmortem concentrations literature to aid interpretation these cases. We report...
Abstract Total morphine is an important urinary marker of heroin use but can also be present from prescriptions or poppy seed ingestion. In specimens with concentrations consistent ingestion (&lt;4,000 ng/mL), 6-acetylmorphine has served as illicit drug use. However, fentanyl become increasingly prevalent a contaminant in the supply, might alternative opioid instead combination 6-acetylmorphine. The aim this study was to quantify opiates, 6-acetylmorphine, and analogs 504...
Food and beverage products containing cannabidiol (CBD) is a growing industry, but some CBD contain Δ
Fentanyl is an extremely potent narcotic analgesic that becoming more popular as a drug of abuse. Because the unique way in which packaged and delivered, potential for unusual methods abuse exists. We report first case true fentanyl patch ingestion medical literature. Initially, though unusual, cases were thought to have been reported, but further investigation literature revealed other reports patches had held mouth chewed. no swallowing published, suicide was initially strong consideration...