The electro-reduction of CO₂ to produce energy sources has been considered as a visionary pathway with the help renewable electricity, which can achieve carbon neutrality and mitigate global warming.

Abstract Overlay error in lithography refers to the positional deviation between patterns of two exposures and is one key indicators for evaluating quality. Traditional overlay metrology methods are limited by intensity higher-order diffraction energy mostly rely on ±1st-order light measurements, making them susceptible variations mark structure. This project proposes a diffraction-order-enhanced method utilizing multiple orders. First, scalar theory used derive enhancing grating efficiency...

Observing critical phases in lattice models is challenging due to the need analyze finite time or size scaling of observables. We study how computational topology technique persistent homology can be used characterize a generalized Aubry-Andr\'e-Harper model. The entropy and mean squared lifetime features obtained using behave similarly conventional measures (Shannon inverse participation ratio) distinguish localized, extended, phases. However, we find that also clearly distinguishes ordered...

Catalysts containing different Cr load (5 %∼15 %) supported on SiO2 were prepared using the incipient wetness impregnation method. The influence of was investigated for ethane oxidation dehydrogenation with CO2 and difference between Co, Fe compared. catalytic activity is affected by Cr/SiO2.Cr-10 %/SiO2 exhibits best performance, providing conversion 30.53 % as well 98.64 ethylene selectivity at 650 °C. Excessive increases aggregation grain size active phase, which goes against activity....

Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) plays a pivotal role in the field of quantum optics, especially generating entangled states. This study delves into utilizing scattering tensor nonlinear waveguide arrays to characterize SPDC process and optimize its efficiency. By computing pseudo-inverse third-order describing for biphoton generation, we determine optimal pump profile array conditions that best approximate desired output distribution. Counterintuitively, due diffraction beam,...

Abstract Low concentration benzene is one of major components volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which pollutes atmosphere. In this study, the influence addition cerium(Ce) and manganese(Mn) on alumina supported copper catalyst(Cu/γ‐Al 2 O 3 ) for combustion studied, using X‐ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy‐dispersive (EDX), hydrogen‐temperature programmed reduction(H ‐TPR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The Cu−Mn‐Ce...

With the increasing of penetration distributed photovoltaic (PV) power in distribution network' system becomes more complex and flexible. Because uncertainty fact that provides active as well reactive power' traditional optimization method cannot fully meet case grid-connected system. Meanwhile' will generate harmonic pollution so it is necessary to control inverters harmony reduce harmonics. Therefore' this paper' considering power, loss network harmonics' integrated capacitors proposed,...

Harmonic minimization in PWM inverters is a complex optimization problem which involves non-linear transcendental equations having multiple local minima. In this paper, solution to the harmonic using particle swarm (PSO) has been proposed solve SHE problem. It overcomes complicated computations associated with conventional iterative techniques. As an example, paper bipolar inverter seven switching angles per quarter cycle varying modulation index considered, and optimum are calculated...

This paper presents a novel modified bacterial foraging optimization(BFO) to solve economic loaddispatch (ELD) problems. BFO isalready successfully employed variousoptimization However original BFOfor small problems with moderate dimensionand searching space is satisfactory. As searchspace and complexity growexponentially in scalable ELD problems, it shows poorconvergence properties. To tackle this complex problem considering itshigh-dimensioned search space, the Evolution Strategies...

Broadband photodetection is paramount for various applications like imaging and sensing, thus garnering significant attention as a research hot spot in recent years. However, it challenging to detect infrared light at room temperature due itslow photon energy. Here, we demonstrate Bi₂Te₃ photothermoelectric thin film photodetector fabricated using controllable large-scale magnetron sputtering technology. The proposed device exhibits sensitivity exceeding 9.72 mA/W...

Photodetectors capable of detecting visible, infrared, and terahertz radiation are essential components in various optoelectronic applications. Traditional semiconductor-based photodetectors often limited their spectral detection range by restricted bandgap. While utilizing black phosphorus graphene can achieve broad-spectrum detection, these subject to the poor environmental stability light absorption capacity graphene. Platinum ditelluride (PtTe₂), classified as a type II Dirac...

This paper presents a high-linearity double-balanced up-conversion mixer (DBUCM) based on InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor. The proposed DBUCM is combined with the Gilbert cell of an active push-pull type balun and designed for interference cancellation system (ICS). Linearization techniques are applied to improve linearity by introducing both emitter degeneration resistors (EDRs) current injection (CIRs). A EDRs CIRs, which exhibited overall chip size 850 μm ×850 μm, was...

Abstract As a new multilevel converter structure, modular (MMC) has many outstanding advantages, such as high degree of modularization and easy cascade expansion, which greatly promotes the development application flexible DC transmission technology. In this paper, inverter is main research object, its topology generation mechanism are analysed, capacitor voltage sub modules balanced based on carrier phase shifted PWM strategy. The MMC simulation model built MATLAB/Simulink software...

Former information of probability model and inferior individuals was discarded in the research estimation distribution algorithm usually, but they may contain useful information. In this paper, former is introduced to avoid premature convergence , used filter generated individuals. The solve knapsack problem simulated based on widely examples, results demonstrate effectiveness proposed method, utlilzation greatly improve performance .

The data acquisition and life prediction system of gas laser is designed in this paper. ARM STM3210B module used as the core hardware platform. software platform composed parameter setting module, measurement modules threshold current optimum operating current, test analysis reanalysis report form historical data. This article expounds emphatically relationships among different modules. Meanwhile, design idea exchanges software, algorithm drive realized successfully.