Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) have increasingly become a focus of interest in recent years. Some the CVBDs are zoonotic and may therefore also represent risk for human population. Different factors discussion to explain expansion vectors pathogens into formerly unaffected areas. Knowledge prevalence distribution Bulgaria is scant overall most data rely on single case descriptions. The aim present study was determine seroprevalence important 167 dogs from central-southern (Stara...

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA that belongs to Hepeviridae family. HEV the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. According World Health Organization (WHO), there are estimated 20 million infections worldwide every year, leading 3.3 symptomatic cases infection. The WHO estimates infection caused approximately 44,000 deaths in 2015, which represents 3.3% mortality rates due hepatitis. In low-income (LI) countries and...

In recent years, hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been found to be widespread among different animal species worldwide. Bulgaria, high HEV seropositivity was pigs (60.3%), wild boars (40.8%), and East Balkan swine (82.5%). The aim of the present study establish seroprevalence dogs, cats, horses, cattle, sheep, goats in Bulgaria. total, 720 serum samples from six were randomly collected: dogs—90 samples; cats—90; horses—180; cattle—180; sheep—90; goats—90. collected seven districts...

Science is still searching for readily available, cost-effective biomarkers to assess metabolic disorders occurring before the onset and during development of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim present study was induce T2DM in rats through a high-fat diet, followed by single administration low dose streptozotocin (STZ), make an assessment disease. were divided into two groups—experimental control—and monitored period 10 days. Changes anthropometric parameters, glucose, insulin, lipids, uric...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is widespread among domestic pigs, industrial swine, and wild boars in Bulgaria. The aim of the current research was to present HEV seroprevalence blood donors In study, 555 (479 males 76 females) were enrolled from five districts country (Shumen, Pleven, Stara Zagora, Plovdiv, Sofia districts). All samples tested for anti-HEV IgG using recomWell ELISA test (Mikrogen GmbH, Neuried, Germany). Each participating donor completed a short, structured, specific...

Introduction: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is caused by viruses belonging to the Hepeviridae family. HEV can be self-limiting; however, extrahepatic manifestations may present. The purpose of current study was establish seroprevalence among Bulgarian liver transplant recipients (LTRs) and identify associated risk factors. Materials & Methods: present conducted between April 1, 2023, October 30, at Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria. All serum samples were tested for anti-HEV...

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in scientific productivity—an increased number of published original articles, reviews, short communications, case reports, and letters to the editor. this regard, is large peer-reviewed journals all fields knowledge, including field biomedical sciences. Many studies indicate existence so-called journal editorial board bias acknowledge difficulty eliminating it. We present our brief opinion on an important topic such as how publishing...

Scientific evidence indicates that hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a zoonotic disease. Domestic pigs and wild boars are the main animal reservoir for HEV worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyze seroprevalence among in western Bulgaria. Serum samples from 240 two regions country (northwestern southwestern) were tested anti-HEV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. overall 40.8% (98/240); northwestern region 40.0% (48/120); southwestern 41.7% (50/120). seropositivity higher than...

The East Balkan swine (Sus scrofa) is the only aboriginal pig breed in Bulgaria, and it indigenous to eastern part of country. aim present study was investigate (EBS) Bulgaria for serological evidence hepatitis E virus (HEV). Sera from 171 two parts country (northeastern southeastern) were tested anti-HEV IgG antibodies. overall HEV seroprevalence 82.5% (141/171), weaners 77.2% (44/57), fattening pigs 79.0% (45/57), adults 91.2% (52/57). positivity higher compared weaners: OR = 1.108 (95%...

Lyme Borreliosis and granulocytic anaplasmosis are less extensively studied in horses than dogs humans. Equine ehrlichiosis is not known Europe the initial stage of investigation South, Central, North America. The aim this study was to determine seroprevalence these infections Bulgaria. A total 155 were investigated from five regions Southeastern Horses tested for Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia spp. antibodies by a commercial rapid ELISA test. B. burgdorferi A....

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been isolated from humans and several animals' species. During the last years, knowledge of HEV infection dramatically changed enriched. The aim this study was to estimate seroprevalence in industrial pigs different districts Southern Bulgaria. Three hundred sixty swine serum samples were tested for anti-HEV IgG antibodies. collected four farms three HEV-specific antibodies porcine detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PrioCHECK Ab porcine). overall...

In Bulgaria, vaccination coverage against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is low. The reasons for this fact are many and varied. aim of present study was to establish what attitudes towards COVID-19 process among students from various specialties several Bulgarian universities. research, 600 participated, divided into two groups: Doctor Medicine (MD) (n = 300) non-MD students, i.e., specialties, such as mathematics, engineering, finance economics, law, human sciences, etc. 300). Each respondent...

Autochthonous Dirofilaria repens infections have been found in dogs and other carnivores most European countries. In the same countries, reports of human dirofilariasis are becoming increasingly prevalent. We present 18 cases people infected with D. for a 10-year period traced our hospital. The data was collected from observations tests all patients whole country treated at Specialized Hospital Infectious Parasitic Diseases Sofia 2009 - 2018. used morphological method, serology test Knott's...

Lyme borreliosis, granulocytic anaplasmosis and monocytic ehrlichiosis are well studied in humans dogs. In horses, these diseases not widely investigated limited information is available about their occurrence. The purpose of this study was to present the first ELISA-based report on seroprevalence Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia spp. Borrelia burgdorferi horses from Northern Bulgaria. A total 192 were three regions Bulgaria (Northwestern, North-Central Northeastern Bulgaria). All equine...

A serologic survey was carried out to detect the prevalence of Ehrlichia canis antibodies among privately-owned dogs in counties Varna, Silistra, Ruse, Montana, Veliko Tarnovo and Pleven northern Bulgaria. total 120 serum samples were IFA tested for anti-Ehrlichia IgG antibodies. mean seroprevalence rate 37.5% recorded with Varna county showing highest value (60%) followed by Silistra (55%), Ruse (30%), Montana (25%) counties. These results clearly show that residing Bulgaria are highly...

Seroepidemiological studies on canine leishmaniasis in Bulgaria, even areas where human has been detected, are controversial. This report describes 2 clinical cases of visceral leishmaniasis. The disease was confirmed by microscopical, serological, and molecular methods. It is, therefore, suggested that infected dogs could constitute the reservoir for country.

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Infection of dogs with the tick-borne rickettsiae Ehrlichia and Anaplasma provokes an immune response mediating pathology bacterial resistance. IL-10 is main anti-inflammatory cytokine plays a multifaceted role in host protection. The study aimed to investigate circulating 32 naturally infected A. phagocytophilum E. canis, identified by PCR positivity, 33 PCR-negative animals which tested positive for antibodies against these pathogens, as well 22 healthy animals. highest quantity IL-10,...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate pigs in Northern Bulgaria for serological evidence hepatitis E virus (HEV). Sera from 225 individuals three industrial farms were tested anti‑HEV IgG antibodies. overall HEV seroprevalence 36% (81/225); weaners 6.8% (5/74); fattening 38.7% (29/75) and sows 61.8% (47/76). Compared weaners, positivity higher sows: OR = 8.70 (95% CI: 3.14‑24.12) 22.37 8.07‑61.96), respectively. These data confirm that is endemic throughout Bulgaria, can be a...