Study Design. Retrospective study. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for proximal junctional failure (PJF) following long instrumented fusion stopping at thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) in adult spinal deformity (ASD) and determine which cases are suitable TLJ stop without increasing PJF. Summary Background Data. PJF ASD is a well-recognized complication that negatively affects clinical outcomes. Generally, uppermost vertebra (UIV) associated with Little known...

In this paper, system component and arc modeling are presented, along with low frequency range analysis for dc fault detection. With an model consisting of a voltage source variable resistor, the during arcing can be described as equivalent circuit model, which gives motivation proposed detection method. The presented represents characteristics main components in system. Their influence on line current well and, result, it utilized method distinguish normal operation from dramatically...

Background Personal Mobility Device (PMD) refers to ‘Smart Mobility’ or ‘Micro for one two persons, and it is appreciated as an environmental-friendly means operated by electric resources (Burns, 2013). According Transparency Market Research in 2016, the world’s personal transport market expected grow times bigger from 2014 2023. In fact, PMD has various product types, competence levels safety problems, so cannot help covering many user experiences (UXs). Thus, this study aimed analyze...

A PCS system which consists of microcells is considered, and it assumed that the high mobility calls low coexist. To enhance quality service multi-level threshold handoff algorithm used. The velocity adaptive (VAH) analyzed as one algorithm. In VAH algorithm, value assigned according to mobile in order lower failure probability maintain carried traffic constantly area. Since necessary estimate for a estimation method use codebook analyzed. prioritized procedure used evaluate respect characteristics.

This paper proposes a power management strategy of multiple energy storages system for DC microgrid. A static flow regulation between batteries is accomplished by adopting adaptive droop offset voltage. By addition voltage proportional to state-of-charge (SOC) error, the battery with higher SOC provides more load while one lower less. In addition, dynamic control allocates demand transient and supercapacitor. With this method, responds long-term demand, supercapacitor absorbs only short-term...

This paper proposes a method for detecting the location of arc fault by monitoring power flows DC system. By measuring electronic circuit parameters from meters in system branch, detector can recognize occurrence, type, and arc. Based on type fault, management unit find an effective way to protect Experiment set down sized microgrid with appliances resistive loads verifies proposed method.

An efficient distributed video coding algorithm using symmetric motion estimation and channel division is proposed in this work. We employ the to generate high quality side information for Wyner-Ziv frames. Also, division, we classify blocks into reliable ones unreliable ones. Then, transmit parity bits only, achieving a gain. Simulation results demonstrate that provides up 4 dB better PSNR performance than conventional algorithms.

본 연구는 12주간 복합운동프로그램이 비만 중년여성들의 대사증후군 지표와 건강 체력에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것으로 최근 6개월 이내에 규칙적으로 운동에 참여하지 않는 중년여성 22명을 임의로 선정하였다. 연구의 자료분석을 통계프로그램은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 모든 종속변인의 평균값과 표준편차를 산출하였으며, 12주 전 후 집단 내 변인들의 변화를 위해 윌콕슨의 부호순위 검정을 실시하였고, 각 분석에서의 통계적인 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 연구에서 실시한 복합운동프로그램은 중년여성의 건강체력에 긍정적인 효과를 미친 나타났다. 따라서 향후 건강관리와 체력향상을 위하여 신체적 여건, 체력수준, 사회 경제적 상황을 충분히 고려한 다양한 수준의 운동프로그램 개발에 노력해야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to observe the effects 12-week comprehensive exercise program on...

This paper describes the design of a four-axis force/torque sensor with PSPBs (Parallel Step Plate Beams). The is composed eight PSPBs, transmitting block, and fixing blocks. It designed by using FEM(Finite Element Method), fabricated strain gages. characteristic tests are carried out, interference error, repeatability non-linearity error less than 2.21%, 0.03% 0.03%. Furthermore, structure has larger rated capacity that PPBs under same overall size output. thought developed can be used for...

Single nozzle arrangement in the full-scale ship reveals that a significant reduction of propeller cavitation induced pressure amplitude is possible at outside air-bubble layer, where isolation effect air not involved. Resulting hull-vibration approximately 75 %. Instead excessive consumption air, is, considerably small amount necessary for excitation, which can make constitution relevant system simple. Hence purpose this study to provide physical proof such beneficial phenomenon. By...

Accidents related to electric kick scooters, which are widespread globally, increasing rapidly. However, most of the research on them concentrates reporting accident status and injury patterns. Therefore, while it is necessary analyze safety issues from user’s perspective, interviewing or conducting a survey with those involved in an may not return enough data due respondents’ memory loss. this study aims identify risk factors context-of-use for scooters based topic modeling method. We...

The purpose of this work is to give analytical evidence that air-balloon able replace the previous effort air-injection for a mitigation propeller cavity induced hull excitation. We exploit acoustical nature rubber-like material, which similar water; thus rubber layer existing at water-to-air interface appears be transparent in propagation acoustic wave. That is, balloon could anticipated play only role air-packing without any deterrence desired phenomenon, i.e., destructive interference. A...

The thumbnail images can be extracted from the H.264/AVC bitstreams directly without inverse transform into spatial domain. However, it has some difference caused by rounding of floating point operation and will propagated to next blocks. In this paper, we propose an error compensation method for generation process considering propagation. It determines value using distribution each intra-prediction mode gives weighting factor cover

This paper describes the design of a smart three-axis force sensor for measuring forces Fx, Fy and Fz. The is composed sensor, force-measuring device, housing cover, where device are inside cover. measures Fz from calculates resultant using measured forces, then sends to PC or other controller RS-485 communication. repeatability error non-linearity less than 0.03%, interference 0.87%. It thought that can be used in robot, automatic systems so on.

To mitigate hull excitation induced by propeller cavitation, our previous work proposed a single-nozzle air injection scheme based on the principle of acoustic destructive interference. Although inefficient energy consumption in conventional air-carpet system with multiple nozzle array could be significantly reduced method, its application was still hindered continuous usage an compressor and maintenance exposed to seawater. We, this study, take advantage properties rubber-like materials,...

New experimental devices and methods to measure shaft forces of ships are proposed in this paper. The strain gauge type six-component load cell was newly designed installed the end propeller shaft. signals generated from sensor rotating transferred new data amplifying processing board on is transmitted self-made wireless receiver. To find out characteristics during port starboard turning motions sea trial, oblique combined yaw maneuvering tests at straight, transient, maximum rate, steady...