A5002035645- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Laser Design and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
International Laboratory of High Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures
2021-2025
Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
2012-2022
Czech Technical University in Prague
2022
National Centre for Nuclear Research
2012-2021
Kaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical Center
2020
Kurchatov Institute
2016
International Rescue Committee
2016
Wrocław University of Science and Technology
2012
Institute of Physics
2006-2012
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
2008
Electron and ion beam dynamics of the PF-1000 facility were investigated for first time at its upper energy limit (≈1 MJ) in relation to neutron emission, pinch's plasma ('target') characteristics some other parameters with help a number diagnostics ns temporal resolution. Special attention was paid spatial cross correlations different phenomena. Results these experiments are favour emission model based on beam–plasma interaction three important features: (1) target is hot confined during...
The paper presents a comparison of the main characteristics and experimental results obtained in plasma focus (PF) experiments POSEIDON 500 kJ facility Stuttgart PF-360 device Świerk. Parameters various electrodes insulators are given, studies on evolution discharges summarized. Selected data X-ray, ion neutron emission given. Also presented recent — maximum yield up to 2.5 × 1011 for kJ/80 kV runs with new ceramic insulator an average 1.2 operation at 171 kJ/36 PF-360. Particular attention...
This paper is a sequel to the 1998 review “Scientific status of Dense Plasma Focus” with 16 authors belonging nations, whose initiative led establishment International Center for Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP) in year 2000. Its focus on understanding principal defining characteristic features plasma light developments that have taken place last 20 years, terms new facilities, diagnostics, models, and insights. Although it too soon proclaim certainty what phenomenon is, results available date...
Angular- and energy-distributions of ions emitted from different plasma-focus (PF) devices energy capacity ranging 3.6 kJ to about 200 are presented. Also compared space- time- resolved ion signals obtained PF facilities. Comparative studies show some similarity features in the emission characteristics.
The energy and mass analysis of ions emitted from a 50-kJ, 18-kV, plasma focus machine was performed with Thomson analyzer. Energy distribution functions fast deuterons (E⩽350 keV) those impurity have been determined. distributions the O, N, C in different ionization states similar character. They usually increase exponentially after reaching maximum at E/Z≊1.0 MeV they decrease to E/Z≊1.8 MeV. For lower operating pressures (p0⩽2 mbar) measured decreases 0.35 about 3.0 In some cases,...
The energy distribution and flux of fast nitrogen particles generated in a Mather-type plasma focus device operating at 0.4 Torr N/sub 2/ pressure is reported. A Faraday cup the secondary electron emission mode was employed. To determine total number beam particles, multiple scattering ions taken into account. It has been possible to register ion up lower kinetic threshold /spl ap/50 keV, which value much than that obtained with Thomson spectrometer previous work.
The paper presents a schematic design and tests of system applicable for measurements fast electron pulses emitted from high-temperature plasma generated inside magnetic confinement fusion machines, particularly in the TORE-SUPRA facility. diagnostic based on registration Cherenkov radiation induced by electrons within selected solid radiators is considered, low-energy thresholds different are given. There some estimates high thermal loads, which might be deposited intense beams upon parts...
Experimental simulations of ITER transient events with surface heat load parameters relevant to edge-localized-mode (ELM) impacts and disruptions have been performed a quasi-stationary plasma accelerator Kh-50. In the ELM simulation experiments loads exceeding tungsten melting threshold, both droplet splashing solid dust ejection are observed. The erosion products emitted from exposed surfaces in form droplets clearly distinguished by variation impacting analysis particle start time, their...
The construction of a mass and energy analyzer applicable for studies ion streams generated by plasma focus facilities is presented. An appropriate extractor (skimmer) system described. A simple calibration method the device also given.
This invited lecture presents the main physical problems met during studies of dense (>1016?cm?3) plasma influenced by strong magnetic fields, i.e. when ion cyclotron motions are weakly disturbed electron?ion collisions. Examples high-current pulsed discharges Z-pinch and plasma-focus (PF) type, which can produce magnetized (DMP) presented. The paper concerns mainly PF-type discharges. Particular attention is paid to different phases such breakdown formation a layer (current sheath), its...
The breathing mode is a low frequency, longitudinal bulk instability observed in majority of Hall thrusters. Its occurrence accompanied by wide, regular discharge current oscillations the 10–30 kHz range. A concise outline prevailing interpretations this provided, followed an overview recently proposed theory. It eventually shown that ionization not related to motion front but predator-prey cycle, former phenomenon being rather consequence latter.
The laser interferometry and X-ray diagnostic studies were performed within the PF-1000 facility operated with maximum current of 2 MA deuterium gas filling (ensuring neutron yield above ). At this current, plasmoidal, helical toroidal structures formed inside plasma column. Some them penetrated column surface later on dissolved dense period their life was from a few tens to hundreds nanoseconds density higher than in neighbor regions. It could be explained as result pinching by magnetic...
A PF-1000 device working with a deuterium gas filling and current on the order of 1 MA was used for studies pinch-column structure by means laser interferometric system at period hard X-ray (HXR) neutron production. Three different phases plasma-column evolution, corresponding to intense HXR emission, were studied discharges yields equal about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> neutrons/shot. First, start stagnation...
One outstanding property of pinch plasmas (Z-pinch, plasma focus, capillary discharge) is the generation intensive very high energy electron and ion beams caused by high-amplitude electromagnetic fields. High-temperature dense magnetized are produced in high-current electrical discharges various geometries fast magnetic shock compression. If discharge operated deuterium gas, fusion reactions take place. It has been found from neutron emission characteristics that most beam target not...
Fast neutrons from deuteron-deuteron fusion reactions were used for a study of fast deuterons in the PF-1000 plasma-focus device. The energy spectrum was determined by time-of-flight method using ten scintillation detectors positioned downstream, upstream, and side-on experimental facility. Neutron energy-distribution functions enabled determination axial radial components producing neutrons, as well rough evaluation total distribution all pinch. It found that deuteron function decreases...
Experimental simulations of ITER edge-localized mode have been performed with a Kh-50 quasi-stationary plasma accelerator. Heat loads exceeded the tungsten melting threshold. Droplet splashing and solid dust ejection were observed. Droplets emitted during exposure generation dominated after end pulse, at time material cooling. A decrease in droplet velocity an increase surface heat load was It could be attributed to growing sizes droplets higher energy loads. After one hundred pulses below...
The paper describes the filamentary structure observed in high-energy ultraviolet radiation for discharges performed at hydrogen- or deuterium-filling and puffing of hydrogen, deuterium helium, a mega-ampere dense plasma-focus facility. lifetime this overcomes 50 ns. These filaments connect surface pinched column with internal plasmoids formed different combinations filling gases they should transport some current plasma. During all investigated shots, fusion-produced neutrons were recorded....