Recent studies on autonomous vehicles focus improving driving efficiency and ignore comfort. Because acceleration jerk affect comfort, we propose a comfort regenerative braking system (CRBS) that uses artificial neural networks as vehicle-control strategy for conditions. An vehicle is mainly determined by the control algorithm of vehicle. If passenger’s initially predicted based deceleration limits, can be adjusted, which would helpful to improve ride in vehicles. We implement numerical...

This work reports an efficient method to fabricate hexagonally patterned metal nanodot arrays at the sub-100-nm scale, which is based on contact printing via novel nanometer-scaled stamps. Vertically aligned carbon nanoposts, supported by ordered nanochannels of anodic aluminum oxide templates, are employed as stamping platform directly transfer controlled arrays. Using fabrication platform, a number made Au, Cu, Ni, Ag, Pt, Al, and Ti can be contact-printed over large substrate areas in...

There have been numerous studies attempting to overcome the limitations of current autonomous driving technologies. However, there is no doubt that it challenging promise integrity safety regarding urban scenarios and dynamic environments. Among reported countermeasures supplement uncertain behavior vehicles, teleoperation vehicle has introduced deal with disengagement driving. can lead unforeseen hazardous situations from viewpoint wireless communication stability. In particular, delay...

Abstract The Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) phenomenon, marked by the selective absorption of microwave radiation magnetic materials in presence a field, plays pivotal role development radar absorbing materials, high speed storage, and sensors. This process is integral for technologies requiring precise control over frequencies. We explored how variations resonance fields can be effectively modulated adjusting both shape stress anisotropies on flexible substrate. Utilizing...

Current-induced field-free magnetic switching using spin–orbit torque has been an important topic for decades due to both academic and industrial interest. Most research focused on introducing symmetry breakers, such as geometrical compositional variation, pinned layers, symmetry-broken crystal structures, which add complexity the structure fabrication process. We designed a relatively simple structure, composed of [Co/Pt] multilayer Co layer with perpendicular in-plane anisotropy,...

The characteristics of domain wall (DW) pinning at a notch in spin-valve nanowire were investigated when DW was created by current, flowing into nanowire. It found that is quite sensitive to the magnitude current and its polarity. current-polarity dependence likely due spin structure core DW, which determined an Oersted field from Cu layer. This indicates control can be achieved acting on own, important advantage this method, compared with field-induced control.

Nanoscale metal ring and dot catalyst arrays are printed over large substrate areas using vertically aligned carbon-based stamps with the ring- dot-shaped tips. The fundamental nature of these catalysts is successfully compared by applying them in diverse electrocatalytic reactions acidic alkaline media.

Abstract Parametric pumping is a nonlinear wave phenomenon and promising technique for electronic devices based on spin waves, so-called “magnonics”. For parametric excitation, magnetic nanowire system that has built-in dc current line to produce an Oersted field designed, detection, micro-Brillouin light scattering (μ-BLS) used. A with frequency of f sw = 5.6 GHz observed when microwave mw 11.2 applied. The found be the n 1 width mode ( antinode number), its changes edge-localized (or...

We introduce a CoFe/Tb multilayer film as sensing layer of alternating giant magnetoresistance (GMR) spin-valve sensors for use in high-field measurements. The has lower in-plane anisotropy than single CoFe and allows the GMR sensor to show high sensitivity, ∼0.4 MR[%]/kOe, when structure is [CoFe(1.92 nm)/Tb(1.22 nm)] × 2. This sensitivity about four times larger previously reported values. In addition, it was found that working range could be easily tuned by varying thickness reference...

Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) signals and the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) are combined to investigate asymmetric domain wall (DW) motion in a GMR spin-valve stripe consisting of wire circular ring. In propagation tail-to-tail DW, left-hand side, top-half ring, bottom-half right-hand side reversed sequence. However, head-to-head bottom half-ring, ring switched addition, critical current density for DW depinning shows behavior. For depinning, negative pulses lower than that positive...

Current-induced domain wall (DW) motion under transverse magnetic fields was investigated through micromagnetic simulation using the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation containing adiabatic and nonadiabatic spin torque terms. It found that field aligned antiparallel to moment of DW promotes a nucleation an antivortex core, which causes temporal Walker breakdown then be parallel field. On other hand, induces core at edge nanowire delayed, resulting in increase threshold current. The effect on...

Magnetic anisotropy strongly influences the performance of magnetocaloric effect. We investigated properties NdAlGe single crystal with I41md structure. The temperature-dependent magnetization revealed significant anisotropic properties; stable antiferromagnetic transition at TN = 6 K for H//a and meta-magnetic spin reorientation low temperature (T ≤ 5 K) within an intermediate field (H 2 T) H//c. During metamagnetic reorientation, abrupt change magnetic entropy leads to a effect negative...

We suggest coherent switching of canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) spins using spin-orbit torque (SOT) in a small magnet. The magnetic system orthoferrite features biaxial easy anisotropy and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which is perpendicular to axes therefore creates weak magnetization $(\mathbit{m})$. A dampinglike component SOT induces N\'eel reorientation along one then exerts on $\mathbit{m}$, leading tilting order $\mathbit{l}$. becomes stronger due coupling with induced...

Multiple Co/Pt bilayers were deposited on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes an anodic aluminum oxide template. The structural and the magnetic properties of nanoring arrays investigated by varying number in ranges 3–10 multilayers with a Ta(3.0 nm)/[Co(1.0 nm)/Pt(1.5 nm)]n/Ta(1.0 nm) structure. thickness diameter nanorings increased increasing repeat number. Compared films, showed larger coercivity. However, magnetostatic interactions between became dominant reversal behavior caused...

Chirality-dependent propagation of transverse wall along a nanowire was investigated using Y-junction with spin-valve structure. It found that the can be used for convenient and effective electric detection domain chirality, especially in sub-200 nm width, where it is difficult to electrically detect chirality conventional artificial defect, such as notch, due small resistance change. Domain path determined by whether clockwise or counterclockwise. Using nanowire, characteristics nucleated...

This paper reports a novel and efficient strategy for fabricating sub-100 nm metal ring arrays using simple printing process. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes that are supported by hexagonally ordered channels of alumina matrices used as stamp to print nanoscale patterns, which is very unique stamping platform has never been reported. Using this strategy, uniform nanoring patterns various metals can be directly printed onto wide range substrate surfaces under ambient conditions....

Weyl semimetals driven by both time-reversal (TRS) and inversion symmetries (IS) are rare be a good platform to investigate the relationship between chiral current magnetic order. NdAlGe compound, grown in single crystalline form flux method, has noncentrosymmetric I41md crystal structure. The susceptibility X(T) shows anisotropic behavior; ferromagnetic with divergence of field cooling (FC) zero (ZFC) H||c, antiferromagnetic transition at TN

We investigated the top and bottom interfaces of a CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB tunnel junction using transmission electron microscope (TEM) x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) in order to understand origin asymmetry dI∕dV terms bias polarity. It was found, from TEM image, that there is no clear cut at interface, while interface has relatively clean boundary. Furthermore, XPS data show more hydroxides were formed than interface. These indicate would hinder epitaxial crystallinity junctions. Therefore,...

We propose an evaluation metric for communication status that classifies the delay as passive, additive, and temporary asynchronous compensation Kalman filter with outlier rejection strategy. Experimental simulation results demonstrate kalman filter's ability to handle both additive temporal delays, contributing improved safety integrity in line ISO 26262 requirements. The result shows proposed can resist not only delays but also communications delays.