A5062262600- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Image Processing Techniques and Applications
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Library Science and Information Systems
- Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2019-2024
University of Geneva
2022-2024
Institut Curie
2019-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2019-2024
Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique
2019-2024
New Mexico State University
2014
Tissue homeostasis requires maintenance of functional integrity under stress. A central source stress is mechanical force that acts on cells, their nuclei, and chromatin, but how the genome protected against unclear. We show stretch deforms nucleus, which cells initially counteract via a calcium-dependent nuclear softening driven by loss H3K9me3-marked heterochromatin. The resulting changes in chromatin rheology architecture are required to insulate genetic material from force. Failure mount...
The nucleus makes the rules Single cells continuously experience and react to mechanical challenges in three-dimensional tissues. Spatial constraints dense tissues, physical activity, injury all impose changes cell shape. How can measure shape deformations ensure correct tissue development homeostasis remains largely unknown (see Perspective by Shen Niethammer). Working independently, Venturini et al. Lomakin now show that act as an intracellular ruler cellular variations. nuclear envelope...
Abstract Measuring forces within living cells remains a technical challenge. We developed hydrophobic mechanosensing fluorescent probes called Flippers, whose fluorescence lifetime depends on lipid packing and can report membrane tension. Here, we describe optimization of the probe imaging, diverse characterizations in various biological vitro systems. provide guideline to measure biophysical parameters cellular membranes by FLIM microscopy with Flipper probes, providing evidences that...
Progress with fluorescent flippers, small-molecule probes to image membrane tension in living systems, has been limited by the effort needed synthesize twisted push-pull mechanophore. Here, we move a higher oxidation level introduce new design paradigm that allows screening of flipper rapidly, at best situ. Late-stage clicking thioacetals and acetals simultaneous attachment targeting units interfacers exploration critical chalcogen-bonding donor same time. Initial studies focus on plasma...
Abstract Fluorescent flippers have been introduced as small‐molecule probes to image membrane tension in living systems. While the hydrophilic headgroup region has modified extensively for intracellular targeting, little is known about hydrophobic interfacing with surrounding membrane. To tackle this challenge, design, synthesis and evaluation of a glutamine‐derived flipper collection reported. Considering importance tension‐induced phase separation imaging, study focused on how modulate...
Abstract Spontaneous locomotion is a common feature of most metazoan cells, generally attributed to the fundamental properties actomyosin network. This force-producing machinery has been studied down minute molecular details, especially in lamellipodium-driven migration. Nevertheless, how networks work inside contraction-driven amoeboid cells still lacks unifying principles. Here, using stable motile blebs as model system, we image dynamics actin cortex at single filament level and reveal...
Abstract The microscopic environment inside a metazoan organism is highly crowded. Whether individual cells can tailor their behavior to the limited space remains unclear. Here, we found that measure degree of spatial confinement using largest and stiffest organelle, nucleus. Cell below resting nucleus size deforms nucleus, which expands stretches its envelope. This activates signaling actomyosin cortex via nuclear envelope stretch-sensitive proteins, upregulating cell contractility. We...
Abstract Tension propagates in lipid bilayers over hundreds of microns within milliseconds, precluding the formation tension gradients. Nevertheless, plasma membrane gradients have been evidenced migrating cells and along axons. Here, using a fluorescent probe, we show that exist all adherent cells, whether they migrate or not. Non-adhering do not display We further branched actin increases tension, while membrane-to-cortex attachments facilitate its propagation. is lowest at edge adhesion...
Abstract Migratory cells often encounter crowded microenvironments through which they must find or make a path. Amoeboid are thought to path by deforming their bodies squeeze tight spaces. Yet many amoeboid seem maintain near spherical morphology as move. To examine this unexplored mechanism of migration, we visualized melanoma in dense environments and found that carve via bleb-driven mechanical degradation extracellular matrix components without proteolytic degradation. Interactions...
Abstract Mechanics has been a central focus of physical biology in the past decade. In comparison, osmotic and electric properties cells are less understood. Here we show that parameter to both physics physiology cell, its volume, depends on mechano-osmotic coupling. We found change their volume depending rate at which they shape, when spread, migrate or externally deformed. Cells undergo slow deformation constant while fast leads loss. propose mechano-sensitive pump leak model explain this...