Despite decades of research demonstrating a dedicated link between positive and negative affect specific cognitive processes, not all is consistent with this view. We present new overarching theoretical account as an alternative-one that can simultaneously for prior findings, generate predictions, encompass wide range phenomena. According to our proposed affect-as-cognitive-feedback account, affective reactions confer value on accessible information processing strategies (e.g., global vs....

This article examines the relationship between gender, hostile sexism, benevolent sexism and reactions to a seemingly innocuous genre of sexist humor, dumb blonde joke. After hearing an audiotaped conversation in which two students swapped jokes, participants high rated jokes as more amusing less offensive than those low sexism. Among individuals however, interacted with gender. Specifically, men found significantly either women same group or both study replicates extends previous research...

Three experiments investigated the effects of participants' mood during exposure to target information on delayed judgments target. Participants were exposed a induction immediately before they acquired about political candidate and then reported their evaluation at later time. Effects judgment moderated by 2 individual-differences measures that can be interpreted in terms processing efficiency. These expertise total recall for information, with higher scores these indices as reflecting more...

Background Despite calls to study how healthcare providers’ emotions may impact patient safety, little research has addressed this topic. The current aimed develop a comprehensive understanding of emergency department (ED) emotional experiences, including what triggers their emotions, the perceived effects on clinical decision making and care, strategies providers use manage reduce safety risks. Methods Employing grounded theory, we conducted 86 semi-structured qualitative interviews with...

Background Emergency department (ED) physicians and nurses frequently interact with emotionally evocative patients, which can impact clinical decision-making behaviour. This study introduces well-established methods from social psychology to investigate ED providers’ reported emotional experiences engagement in their own recent patient encounters, as well perceived effects of emotion on care. Methods Ninety-four experienced providers (50 44 nurses) vividly recalled wrote about three...

Participants were induced to feel either happy or sad while reading an article that described a politician’s stand on issues. When participants unmotivated evaluate the candidate at time they read article, evaluated him more favorably when than not. However, intrinsically extrinsically motivated candidate, adjusted their evaluations compensate for biasing influence of target-irrelevant affect experiencing. In fact, overadjusted, reporting less favorable These adjustments bias occurred...

Research indicates that affect influences whether people focus on categorical or behavioral information during impression formation. One explanation is confers its value whatever cognitive inclinations are most accessible in a given situation. Three studies tested this malleable mood effects hypothesis, predicting happy moods should maintain and unhappy inhibit situationally dominant thinking styles. Participants completed an formation task included information. Consistent with the proposed...

Abstract Over the past three decades research has overwhelmingly supported notion that positive affect promotes global, abstract, heuristic information processing whereas negative local, detailed, and systematic processing. Yet despite weight of evidence, recent work suggests such a direct relationship may be highly tenuous. In line with affect‐as‐information account, we maintain affective cues are adaptive serve to provide individuals about their current psychological environment. We argue...

Two studies investigate manipulating implicit theories as a function of participants' self-theories. Women were primed with malleable or fixed view math intelligence before completing test. Study 1 utilized highly skilled participants and revealed that entity theorists experienced less anxiety when exposed to prime versus prime; however, in the condition performed better on test than incremental theorists. Incremental unaffected by prime. 2 moderately found attempted more questions prime,...

Importance Much remains unknown about the extent of and factors that influence clinician-level variation in rates admission from emergency department (ED). In particular, clinician risk tolerance is a potentially important attribute, but it not well defined terms its association with decision to admit. Objective To further characterize this ED determine whether attitudes are associated propensity Design, Setting, Participants observational cohort study, data were analyzed Massachusetts All...

ABSTRACT The community attitudes towards mental illness scale (CAMI) is widely used to measure authoritarianism, benevolence, social restrictiveness, and health held by general populations medical professionals. This study compares the fit of published alternative factor structures CAMI a population English‐speaking sample examines what illnesses individuals think about when responding. Using data from 749 US MTurk participants, confirmatory analysis supported modified version Morris' (2012)...

(1) To investigate the healthcare experiences of individuals with mental health and/or substance use disorders (SUDs) who seek medical care in emergency department (ED) for physical concerns (e.g., abdominal pain), and (2) to explore recommendations improving these patients' experiences. Although this population suffers from a high disease burden disproportionately seeks ED, surprisingly little research has examined their Qualitative study employing grounded theory semi-structured interviews...

Patients with psychiatric conditions and/or substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently seek care in emergency departments (EDs), where providing for these populations can involve considerable challenges. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive data-driven model of the complex challenges and unique dynamics associated caring ED, as well effect on patient quality.

In large classes, students' feelings of anonymity and interpersonal distance from the instructor can be particularly detrimental to those who struggle with course material. We tested a simple method for connecting struggling students improve their performance. randomly divided scored 75% or lower on first exam into 2 groups. Students in one group received personalized e-mail message expressing our concern providing information about resources. other served as no-e-mail control. Those...