The axial force and bending moment of tunnel lining are crucial for stability. To investigate the response patterns in shallow-buried biased small clearance tunnels under various conditions – including different adjacent slope angles, loading wave types, peak loads, directions extensive numerical simulations were conducted. results subsequently verified through large-scale vibration table physical model experiments. findings reveal that variation bidirectional coupled seismic waves...

Aiming at the economic benefits, load fluctuations, and carbon emissions of microgrid (MG) group control, a method for controlling MG power distribution Internet Things (IoT) based on deep learning is proposed. Firstly, cloud edge collaborative IoT architecture, combined with distributed generation, electric vehicles (EV), characteristics, system model in established. Then, algorithm used to train features data side. Finally, control strategy adopted platform reasonably regulate coordinated...

The timing group delay parameter (TGD) or differential code bias (DCB) is an important factor that affects the performance of GNSS basic services; therefore, TGD and DCB must be taken seriously. Moreover, modulated in navigation message, taking into account impact on service. International Monitoring Assessment System (iGMAS) provides broadcast ephemeris with Chinese Academy Science (CAS) products. In this paper, current available BDS-3 parameters are firstly described detail, relationship...

For the current problem of cycle slips in observation data BDS-2 and BDS-3 (Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System), this paper, BDS B1I B3I signals are used as research objects to study detection slips, their repair algorithm. The Geometry-free (GF) Melbourne–Wübeena (MW) combination algorithm for slips. A new method arc partition is proposed work detect boundary delimit two different arcs. In way, values can be divided marked. Moreover, gross errors removed. Finally, analysis all epochs...

In recent years, there has been a development of multifunctional components, including filtering antennas. Co-designing the filter and antenna can effectively reduce overall size thus realize high integration. A new coplanar waveguide (CPW) omnidirectional with pair gain zeros is presented using separation electric/magnetic coupling (SEMC) paths that greatly enhance frequency selectivity suppress spurious responses circular patch radiator. The impedance bandwidth also be controlled/adjusted...

Abstract The output power curve of the photovoltaic array presents a multi-peak characteristic under partial shading conditions, which causes traditional maximum point tracking technology to fail guarantee cell. In response this problem, paper proposes apply improved Mayfly Optimization Algorithm (MA) control. By introducing gravity factor and limiting search space male mayfly, optimization accuracy algorithm is enhanced, vibration near MPP reduced, occurrence premature phenomenon avoided....

Abstract When a short-circuit fault occurs on the transmission lines of high voltage DC system based modular multilevel converters, cannot be cleared by adjusting converter control system, which results in longer recovery time. Aiming at problem above, self-clearing scheme clearing module for half-bridge station is proposed. Combined with actual operating status flexible project, centralized parameter models are utilized to analyze mechanism. Besides, impact discharge branch effect studied...

Abstract The rapid suppression of fault current flowing through overhead transmission lines and safe restart the system are critical problems to be solved urgently improve stability DC grid. A novel adaptive strategy combined with is proposed, which suitable for full-bridge modular multilevel converter high voltage direct system. resistance-capacitance energy transfer branch used achieve a large reduction attenuation amplitude at time. transient permanent can discriminated in short interval...

Abstract Modular multilevel converter based on high voltage director current is important for large‐scale power regional interconnection. Adaptive reclosing critical to improving the safety and economy of transmission. The time‐frequency characteristics during fault clearance are analysed by Hilbert transform suppress over‐voltage or over‐current resulting from short‐circuit fault. A phase synchronization compensation control algorithm designed through virtual network. rapid suppression...

Abstract Modular multilevel converter for high voltage DC system has great potential as the key role in global energy interconnection . Adaptive reclosing or restarting after suffering from short-circuit faults is a critical segment to realize safe and stable operation. An adaptive restart scheme half-bridge sub-module transmission proposed, which based on active current injection of auxiliary fault discriminate module. Combined with engineering experience, transient characteristics line...

Station Service Voltage Transformers (SSVT) combines the operating characteristics of power transformers and design measuring voltage transformers. Due to its lower initial cost higher supply reliability, applications have been extended beyond that auxiliary power. During transient events in network caused by operation switching equipment or short circuits, are affected oscillating voltage, which, under certain conditions, can cause resonance overvoltage inside their windings. Based on...

Hybrid reactive power compensation(HRPC) has broad development prospects in UHV transmission lines. However, due to extreme weather conditions, the interaction of complex faults on HRPC lines needs be studied urgently. Based analysis function structure, considering double fault condition, influence line breaking characteristics circuit breaker is studied. Laplace transform and equivalent parameter concentrated circuit, model established. The mechanism transient recovery voltage (TRV) deduced...

Abstract The absence of network topology and line parameter information data affects the condition monitoring, analysis control active distribution networks. In order to solve this problem, paper proposes a method identify parameters using measured values obtained by intelligent meters phasor measurement units. initial model identification based on linear regression is solved orthogonal triangular decomposition obtain line, improved Newton Raphson (NR) used accurately parameters. proposed...

Based on the research background of 500kV Dehong-Boshang-Mojiang extra-high voltage demonstration line, compound FCL series compensation mode and circuit breaker TRV mathematical model are established, influence mixed-use TCSC transient recovery rise rate RRRV is analyzed. Combined with PSCAD simulation, effect composite fast switching action time installation position characteristics studied; The scheme to replace FSC proposed for first time, distribution under different string complements...

The heliostat is different from the ordinary low building because of special shape heliostat. wind tunnel pressure test carried out model heliostats in range azimuth angles are between 0° to 180° and elevation 90. time history each measuring point on mirror panel obtained. On this basis, mean distribution under typical working conditions obtained, then maximum (minimum) value all corresponding points Then 10 representative selected study variation law with direction angle pitch respectively,...

Abstract At present, BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS) was officially commissioned, and BDS is widely used in military civil terminal types of equipment, including missiles, warships, satellites, ships, aircraft, unmanned bicycles, intelligent transportation, etc. In view the fact that navigation signal has easily interfered process practical application, this paper designs a 5-array anti-jamming miniaturized antenna with volume only 110mm*110mm. The four surrounding BDS-B3...