ABSTRACT Background Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent condition and risk factor for developing major depressive episode. Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy may be promising approach the treatment of subthreshold depression. The current study had two aims: (1) to determine whether an internet-based intervention group are more effective than waiting-list control group; (2) effect differs from intervention. Method A total 191 women 110 men with were randomized into...

Background: Self-help therapies are often effective in reducing mental health problems.We developed a new Web-based self-help intervention based on problem-solving therapy, which may be used for people with different types of comorbid problems: depression, anxiety, and work-related stress. Objective:The aim was to study whether is stress (burnout).Methods: A total 213 participants were recruited through mass media randomized the (n = 107) or waiting list control group 106).The course took 4...

Identification of subgroups patients for whom treatment A is more effective than B, and vice versa, key importance to the development personalized medicine. Tree-based algorithms are helpful tools detection such interactions, but none available allow taking into account clustered or nested dataset structures, which particularly common in psychological research. Therefore, we propose generalized linear mixed-effects model tree (GLMM tree) algorithm, allows treatment-subgroup while accounting...

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity still hampers drug development, because current translation from in vitro or animal studies to human lacks high predictivity. Often, renal adverse effects are recognized only during clinical stages of development. The study aimed establish a robust and more complete cell model suitable for screening drug-related interactions nephrotoxicity. In addition endogenously expressed organic cation transporters efflux transporters, conditionally immortalized proximal...

Background Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a promising new approach for the treatment of depressive symptoms. The current study had two aims: (1) to determine whether, after 1 year, an internet-based CBT intervention was more effective than waiting-list control group; and (2) whether effect differed from group intervention, year start treatment. Method A total 191 women 110 men (mean age=55 years, s.d .=4.6) with subthreshold depression were randomized into treatment,...

Although many meta-analyses have shown that psychological therapies are effective in the treatment of depression, no comprehensive metaregression analysis has been conducted to examine which characteristics intervention, target population, and study design related effects. The authors such a with 83 studies (135 comparisons) was compared control condition. mean effect size all comparisons 0.69 (95% confidence interval = 0.60-0.79). In multivariate analyses, several variables were...

Abstract Background Although previous studies using non- elderly groups have assessed the factorial invariance of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) across different with same social-cultural backgrounds, few tested CES-D two from countries social cultures. The purposes this study were to examine structure CES-D, and test its measurement national populations. Methods A total 6806 adults China (n = 4903) Netherlands 1903) included in final sample. was both samples....

The efficacy of treatments for depression is often measured by comparing observed total scores on self-report inventories, in both clinical practice and research. However, the occurrence response shifts (changes subjects' values, or their standards measurement) may limit validity such comparisons. As most psychological are aimed at changing patients' values frame reference, likely to occur over course treatments. In this article, we tested whether occurred treatment an influential randomized...

The treatment of substance use disorders is a public health priority, particularly in South Africa where the prevalence these high. We tested two peer-counsellor delivered brief interventions (BIs) for risky among adults presenting to emergency departments (EDs) Africa. In this randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients one three 24-hour EDs who screened at risk according Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Eligible were randomly allocated conditions:...

The Major Depression Inventory (MDI) is a new, brief, self-report measure for depression based on the DSM-system, which allows clinicians to assess presence of depressive disorder according DSM-IV, but also severity symptoms. We examined sensitivity, specificity, and psychometric qualities MDI in consecutive sample 258 psychiatric outpatients. Of these patients, 120 had mood (70 major depression, 49 dysthymia). A total 139 subjects comorbid axis-I diagnosis, 91 personality disorder....

In this paper we studied the appropriateness of developing an adaptive version Center Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D, Radloff, 1977) scale. Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) involves computerized administration a test in which each item is dynamically selected from pool items until pre-specified measurement precision reached. Two types analyses were performed using CES-D responses large sample adolescents (N=1392). First, it was shown that met psychometric requirements needed...

In this study, the longitudinal relation between deliberate practice and performance in chess was examined using a linear mixed models analysis. The activities ratings of young elite players, who were either in, or had dropped out Dutch national training, analysed since they started playing seriously. results revealed that (i.e. serious study alone play) strongly contributed to performance. influence not only observable current performance, but also over players' careers. Moreover, although...

The Youden index, the sum of sensitivity and specificity minus one, is an index used for setting optimal thresholds on medical tests.When using this one implicitly uses decision theory with a ratio misclassification costs which equal to prevalence proportion disease. It doubtful whether cost truly represents maker's preferences. Moreover, in populations different prevalence, selected threshold reference ratio.The not rule because its varies prevalence. Researchers should look into their...

We developed a Dutch-Flemish version of the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) adult V1.0 item bank for depression as input computerized adaptive testing (CAT). As bank, we used translation original PROMIS (28 items) and additionally translated 28 U.S. items that failed to make final bank. Through psychometric analysis combined clinical general population sample ( N = 2,010), 8 added were removed. With performed several CAT simulations assess efficiency...

In the clinical field, use of questionnaires is ubiquitous, and many different methods for constructing them are available. The reason using a specific method usually lacking, generally accepted classification not yet To guide test developers users, this article presents taxonomy questionnaire design which links to goal test. assumes that construction directed towards psychometric aspects. Four stages distinguished describe methods: concept analysis, item production, scale construction,...

In psychological assessment of children, it is pivotal to establish from what age on self-reports can complement or replace informant reports. We introduce a psychometric approach estimate the minimum for child produce self-report data that similar quality as data. The makes use statistical validity indicators such person-fit and long-string indices, be readily applied commonly collected in studies measures. evaluate illustrate approach, using informant-report PedsQL, pediatric...

Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an accepted outcome measure in patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the determinants. In this paper we test hypothesis that it associated personality traits while controlling for mental disorders.A large sample outpatients (n = 640) disorders was studied. The empirically supported five factor model normal assessed using NEO-FFI includes: neuroticism, extraversion, openness experience,...

The Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Group translated the adult Pain Interference item bank into Dutch-Flemish. aims of current study were to calibrate parameters these items using an response theory (IRT) model, evaluate cross-cultural validity translations compared original English items, and their reliability construct validity. 40 in completed by 1085 Dutch chronic pain patients. Before calibrating IRT model assumptions evaluated confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Items calibrated graded (GRM),...

Background Minimal efficacy differences have been found between cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapies for depression, but little is known about patient characteristics that might moderate differential treatment effects. We aimed to generate hypotheses regarding such potential prescriptive factors. Method conducted post-hoc model-based recursive partitioning analyses alongside a randomized clinical trial comparing the of CBT short-term supportive psychotherapy (SPSP)....

The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is a self-report questionnaire measuring distress, depression, anxiety and somatization with separate scales. 4DSQ has extensively been validated in clinical samples, especially from primary care settings. Information about measurement properties normative data the general population was lacking. In Dutch sample we examined scales' structure, reliability invariance respect to gender, age education, score distributions across demographic...

This paper shows how decision theory can be used to determine optimal cut-off scores on mental health screeners. The procedure uses (a) the costs and benefits of correct erroneous decisions, (b) rates decisions as a function score. Using this information, for each point expected are calculated. with lowest is An illustration given in which General Health Questionnaire employed major depression screener. Optimal points determined four different contexts: patients, service providers, society,...