A5003412490- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- RNA Research and Splicing
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- interferon and immune responses
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
California Institute of Technology
2014-2025
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2013-2015
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2013-2015
Jilin University
2013
Small noncoding RNAs that associate with Piwi proteins, called piRNAs, serve as guides for repression of diverse transposable elements in germ cells metazoa. In Drosophila , the genomic regions give rise to so-called piRNA clusters, are transcribed generate long precursor molecules processed into mature piRNAs. How transcripts differentiated from rest genome and how these specifically channeled biogenesis pathway not known. We found transgenerationally inherited piRNAs provide critical...
A Gaulish partner in silencing transposons Small noncoding piRNAs protect animal germline genomes from devastating mutation and rearrangement caused by transposons. In fruit fly ovaries, bind to Piwi proteins, together they are required for the recognition of these parasitic DNA elements. Yu et al. show that gene Panoramix acts downstream piRNA-driven silence their transcription. does this binding newly synthesized transposon RNAs. Science , issue p. 339
From RNA interference to chromatin silencing, diverse genome defense pathways silence selfish genetic elements safeguard integrity. Despite their diversity, different share a modular organization, where numerous specificity factors identify targets and common effectors them. In the PIWI-interacting (piRNA) pathway, target RNAs are first identified by complementary base pairing with piRNAs then silenced PIWI-clade nucleases. Such binary architecture allows systems be readily adaptable, new...
The conserved THO/TREX (transcription/export) complex is critical for pre-mRNA processing and mRNA nuclear export. In metazoa, TREX loaded on nascent RNA transcribed by polymerase II in a splicing-dependent fashion; however, how functions poorly understood. Here we show that Thoc5 other components are essential the biogenesis of piRNA, distinct class small noncoding RNAs control expression transposable elements (TEs) Drosophila germline. Mutations lead to defects piRNA biogenesis, resulting...
Piwi proteins and their associated small RNAs are essential for fertility in animals. In part, this is due to roles guarding germ cell genomes against the activity of mobile genetic elements. piRNA populations direct silence transposon targets and, as such, form a molecular code that discriminates transposons from endogenous genes. Information ultimately carried by piRNAs encoded within genomic loci, termed clusters. These give rise long, single-stranded, primary transcripts processed into...
piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that guide the silencing of transposons and other targets in animal gonads. In Drosophila female germline, many piRNA source loci dubbed "piRNA clusters" lack hallmarks active genes exploit an alternative path for transcription, which relies on Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex. RDC was thought to be absent testis, so it remains date unknown how cluster transcription is regulated male germline. We found components complex expressed germ cells during early...
Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are essential components of the ribosome and among most abundant macromolecules in cell. To ensure high rRNA level, eukaryotic genomes contain dozens to hundreds rDNA genes, however, only a fraction genes seems be active, while others transcriptionally silent. We found that individual have level cell-to-cell heterogeneity their expression Drosophila melanogaster. Insertion heterologous sequences into leads repression associated with reduced cells decreased number...
Abstract PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) guide repression of transposable elements in germlines animals. In Drosophila , piRNAs are produced from heterochromatic genomic loci, called piRNA clusters, that act as a repositories information about genome invaders. generation by dual-strand clusters depend on the chromatin-bound Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex, which is deposited guided piRNAs, forming feed-forward loop promote their own biogenesis. However, how formed initially, before...
Summary From RNA interference to chromatin silencing, diverse genome defense pathways silence selfish genetic elements safeguard integrity 1,2 . Despite their diversity, different share a modular organization, where numerous specificity factors identify targets and common effectors them. In the PIWI-interacting (piRNA) pathway, which controls in metazoan germline, target RNAs are first identified by complementary base pairing with piRNAs then silenced PIWI-clade nucleases via enzymatic...
SUMMARY piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that guide the silencing of transposons and other targets in animal gonads. In Drosophila female germline, many piRNA source loci dubbed ‘piRNA clusters’ lack hallmarks active genes exploit an alternative path for transcription, which relies on Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex. It remains to date unknown how cluster transcription is regulated male germline. We found components RDC complex expressed germ cells during early spermatogenesis, from...
Abstract Regulation of transcription is the main mechanism responsible for precise control gene expression. While majority transcriptional regulation mediated by a multitude DNA-binding factors that bind to regulatory regions, an elegant alternative strategy employs small RNA guides, piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) identify targets repression. Here we show in Drosophila ubiquitin-like protein SUMO and E3 ligase Su(var)2-10 are required piRNA-guided deposition repressive chromatin marks...
Abstract Chromatin is critical for genome compaction and gene expression. On a coarse scale, the divided into euchromatin, which harbors majority of genes enriched in active chromatin marks, heterochromatin, gene-poor but repeat-rich. The conserved molecular hallmark heterochromatin H3K9me3 modification, associated with silencing. We found that Drosophila deposition most mark depends on SUMO SUMO-ligase Su(var)2-10, recruits histone methyltransferase complex SetDB1/Wde. In addition to...
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are commonly used vehicles for in vivo gene transfer. However, the tropism repertoire of naturally occurring AAVs is limited, prompting development novel AAV capsids with more desirable transduction characteristics. We have developed a capsid selection method, called Cre-recombination-based targeted evolution (CREATE), that enables identification efficiently transduce defined cell populations (Deverman et al. press, Nature Biotechnology)....
Abstract Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are essential components of the ribosome and among most abundant macromolecules in cell. To ensure high rRNA level, eukaryotic genomes contain dozens to hundreds rDNA genes, however, only a fraction genes seems be active, while others transcriptionally silent. We found that individual have level cell-to-cell heterogeneity their expression Drosophila melanogaster . Insertion heterologous sequences into leads repression associated with reduced cells decreased...