The use of radio and television as means to spread reproductive health awareness in Sub-Saharan Africa has been extensive, its impacts significant. More recently, other communication, such mobile phones, have received the attention researchers policy makers communication tools. However, evidence on which two types (i.e. passive from TV/radio, or active through phones) is more effective fostering better choices sparse. This study aims identify potential influence TV ownership opposed cell...

Despite a wide under-prioritization, the issue of child poverty has received increasing attention worldwide over last decade. The acknowledgement in Vietnam that child-specific measurement is crucial for efforts directed towards children, and current lack thereof, instigated development approach. This paper proposes country-specific, multidimensional outcome-based approach incidence, depth severity poverty. It does so at level individual using household survey data. such an presents...

Roelen K, Gassmann F, de Neubourg C. False positives or hidden dimensions: what can monetary and multidimensional measurement tell us about child poverty in Vietnam? A widely used division between measures based on conceptual underpinnings analytical outcomes is that of versus measures. Comparisons the use two methods have shown they predominantly provide different pictures terms size, rank group. This article contributes to long‐standing ongoing debate by comparing approaches, with a...

This article evaluates a policy change from universal to means-tested child allowances in terms of targeting efficiency and poverty reduction, taking the introduction latter form benefits Russia as case-study. We use Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) 2000 2004 analyse impact reforms simulate effects various benefit schemes. Since 2000, more children have received there has been improved low income households. Nevertheless, both inclusion exclusion errors are considerable although...

Increased attention to childrens' special position within poverty measurement resulted in the development of various child approaches last decade. Analysis shows that their processes involve a similar set steps and decisions, predominantly taken same sequence. However, it also becomes apparent many these decisions are made implicitly rather than explicitly, resulting unclear non-transparent underlying constructs. Consequently, often lack solid robust foundation misinterpreted misunderstood...

Abstract The gender pay gap is a persistent and pervasive problem. This study systematically reviews the literature on two determinants of wage that have attracted attention more recently: contribution personality traits social norms. Based 39 studies identified, we discuss how norms are operationalized much they explain. We find both important in understanding closely related, most notably, as preferences reflections However, there no clear consensus constructs, what precisely capture to...

Despite considerable achievements in the reduction of poverty over last decades, remains conspicuously high and profound. While fast urban population growth, especially Sub-Saharan Africa, has contributed to reduction, new development challenges like urbanisation emerge. However, little is known about state persistence areas. This study investigates within theory traps among households Nigeria, Tanzania Ethiopia, three countries Africa with large populations growth. Using household panel...

ABSTRACT This paper empirically evaluates the wellbeing of elderly individuals ‘left behind’ by their adult migrant children in Moldova. Using data from a nationally representative household survey conducted 2011–12 Moldova, outcomes aged 60 and older with without living abroad are compared (N = 1,322). A multi-dimensional index is constructed on basis seven indicators within four dimensions wellbeing: physical health, housing, social emotional wellbeing. Probit regressions used to predict...

Social cash transfers are increasingly recognized as an effective instrument in the reduction of poverty. The objective present study is to model introduction basic social transfer programmes on household welfare, poverty incidence and depth two African countries: Senegal Tanzania. Based budget survey data, a set were modelled terms their impact reduction. In addition, rough cost estimate simulated provided.

This study estimates the rates of return non-contributory social transfer programmes in Cambodia using household-level data and going beyond standard cost–efficiency analyses by developing a dynamic microsimulation model. It shows that protection promotes equitable economic growth enhancing human capital fostering performance at micro level. A positive rate is achieved after 12 periods can reach between per cent 15 20 periods. models be extended order to analyse long-term returns on protection.

The Energy Poverty Action Initiative of the World Economic Forum suggests that 'access to energy is fundamental improving quality life and a key imperative for economic development'. This particularly true in Central Asia, where winters are harsh long. Changes prices affect purchasing power households, hitting poor particular. impact very much depends on household's basket available strategies switching alternative sources. Using data from 2011 Kyrgyz Integrated Household Survey, this...

Do remittances and social assistance transfers have different impacts on household's expenditure patterns? While two separate strands of literature looked at how or been spent, few studies compared them directly. Using data from a household survey conducted in Moldova 2011, this paper assesses the impact both types patterns. Contrary to common assumption that money is fungible, we find patterns (having controlled for potential endogeneity). In other words, where income comes can determine it...

Globally, 21 percent of young women are married before their 18th birthday. Despite some progress in addressing child marriage, it remains a widespread practice, particular South Asia. While household predictors marriage have been studied extensively the literature, evidence base on macro-economic factors contributing to and models that predict where cases most likely occur limited. In this paper we aim fill gap explore region-level indicators persistence four countries Asia, namely...

This paper seeks to conceptualize multi-dimensional vulnerability in a post conflict environment. Such environments are characterized by four types of losses. These include human security, losses exchange freedom, loss sense belonging, and access markets services. occur because availability resources is reduced even when they available, individuals households may not be able convert them into well-being. Viewing such uni-dimensional way, perhaps terms income or consumption losses,...

With the majority of poor people now living in middle-income countries and post-millennium development goals framework taking shape, issue inequality has gained prominence many policy debates. Although detailed assessments poverty well-being are crucial for formulating adequate policies, all too often such focus on average outcomes. In this paper we present an analysis child Kazakhstan that moves beyond averages two ways: first, it explicitly reports situations different socioeconomic groups...

Abstract Using unique crop‐specific data gathered over 7 years, we study if and how maize‐producing farmers in Ethiopia adjust their land allocation decisions response to pre‐planting‐season weather variations. We show that increased temperatures early the growing season. In addition quantifying a substantial adaptation margin has not been documented before, our also reveals presence of variation‐induced expansion maize production into areas are less suitable for cultivation.