A5012833629- Health disparities and outcomes
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Sleep and related disorders
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
- Community Health and Development
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Public Health Policies and Education
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Noise Effects and Management
- Youth Development and Social Support
- Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
University of Pittsburgh
2024-2025
RAND Corporation
2015-2024
University of Michigan
2020
University of London
2017
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2017
Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School
2016
New England Research (United States)
2007
New England Research Institutes
2007
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
2007
Harvard University Press
2007
Placing full-service supermarkets in food deserts—areas with limited access to healthy food—has been promoted as a way reduce inequalities food, improve diet, and the risk of obesity. However, previous studies provide scant evidence such impacts. We surveyed households two Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, neighborhoods 2011 2014, one which received new supermarket 2013. Comparing trends neighborhoods, we obtained multiple positive impacts from placement. In neighborhood found net changes overall...
<h3>Objective</h3> To assess whether neighbourhood socioeconomic status (NSES) is independently associated with disparities in biological ‘wear and tear’ measured by allostatic load a nationally representative sample of US adults. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting</h3> Population-based survey, the Third National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), merged census data describing respondents9 neighbourhoods. <h3>Participants</h3> 13 184 adults from 83 counties...
Using data ( n = 60,775 women) from the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trial (WHI CT)—a national study of postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years—we analyzed cross‐sectional associations between availability different types food outlets in 1.5 miles surrounding a woman's residence, census tract neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES), BMI, and blood pressure (BP). We simultaneously modeled NSES using linear logistic regression models, adjusting for multiple sociodemographic factors,...
Abstract Objective To provide a richer understanding of food access and purchasing practices among US urban desert residents their association with diet BMI. Design Data on practices, dietary intake, height weight from the primary shopper in randomly selected households ( n 1372) were collected. Audits all neighbourhood stores 24) most-frequented outside 16) conducted. Aspects relationships them examined tests associations quality BMI Setting Two low-income, predominantly African-American...
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Objectives. To examine the impact of COVID-19 shutdowns on food insecurity among a predominantly African American cohort residing in low-income racially isolated neighborhoods.Methods. Residents 2 desert neighborhoods Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, were surveyed from March 23 to May 22, 2020, drawing longitudinal (n = 605) previously followed 2011 2018. We examined trends 2020 and compared them with national trends. also assessed use assistance our sample 2018 versus 2020.Results. From increased...
As part of the Harvard Cancer Prevention Program Project, we used a social contextual model health behavior change to test an intervention targeting multiple risk-related behaviors in working-class, multiethnic populations. We examined relationships between factors our conceptual and changes fruit vegetable consumption from baseline completion centers small business studies. analyzed consumption, measured at final assessments by self-report, 2 randomized controlled prevention trials: 1...
A growing body of evidence has highlighted an association between a lack access to nutritious, affordable food (e.g., through full-service grocery stores [FSGs]), poor diet, and increased risk for obesity. In response, there been interest among policy makers in encouraging the siting supermarkets “food deserts,” that is, low-income geographic areas with low healthy options. However, is limited research evaluate impact such efforts, most studies date have cross-sectional. The Pittsburgh...
In 2013, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) embarked on a pioneering effort to advance Culture of Health initiative. A places well-being at center every aspect life, with goal enabling everyone in our diverse society lead healthier lives. To implement this vision, RWJF worked RAND develop an action framework that identifies how nation will work toward achieving these outcomes.
Neighborhood disadvantage has been linked to poor sleep. However, the extant research primarily focused on self-reported assessments of sleep and neighborhood characteristics. The current study examines association between objective perceived characteristics actigraphy-assessed duration, efficiency, wakefulness after onset (WASO) in an urban sample African American adults. We examined data from predominantly adults (n = 788, mean age 55 years; 77% female) living two low-income neighborhoods....
Since 2013, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) has embarked on a pioneering effort to advance Culture of Health. The Health action framework is founded vision in which "everyone our diverse society leads healthier lives now and for generations come." To put into action, RWJF asked RAND support development an measurement strategy. This article summarizes stakeholder engagement efforts that used inform this work. It draws series interviews focus groups researchers conducted with...
Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately strained households experiencing poverty, particularly Black and Latino households. Food insecurity, which entails having limited or uncertain access to a sufficient quantity of nutritious food, is key pandemic-related consequence. We examined how people enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) have been affected by pandemic, participants residing food deserts. Methods Using survey data...
This study investigates how lifecourse, immigrant status and acculturation, neighbourhood of residence influence food purchasing preparation among low-income women with children, living in the USA. research sought to understand physical economic access food, from both 'individual' 'community' perspectives.This used qualitative methodology (focus groups) examine mechanisms pathways within context daily life activity for US- foreign-born women, The analysed notes verbatim transcripts,...
We quantified the use of placement and price reduction marketing strategies in different food retail outlets to identify associations between these risk overweight obesity among customers.In 2011 we collected dietary health information from 1372 residents "food deserts" Pittsburgh, PA. audited neighborhood restaurants stores (n = 40) including 16 distant venues at which reported shopping. assessed end-aisle displays, special floor cash register reductions for sugar-sweetened beverages...
Background: Research has demonstrated the adverse impact that discrimination on physical and mental health. However, few studies have examined association between symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is evidence African Americans experience higher rates PTSD are more likely to develop following trauma exposure than Whites, may be one reason for this disparity.Purpose: To examine among a cross-sectional sample largely comprising American women, controlling other...
To examine where residents in an area with limited access to healthy foods (an urban food desert) purchased healthier and less foods.Food shopping receipts were collected over a one-week period 2013. These analysed describe shopped for what types of they bought.Two low-income, predominantly African-American neighbourhoods Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Two hundred ninety-three households which the primary shoppers female (77·8 %) non-Hispanic black (91·1 adults.Full-service supermarkets by far most...
In Brief OBJECTIVE: To estimate the interest in using intrauterine contraception among women and adolescent girls seeking emergency or walk-in pregnancy testing. METHODS: We surveyed 412 who requested testing at four family planning clinics Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The 41-item survey assessed knowledge of, attitudes toward, an device (IUD). Data were analyzed χ2 Fisher exact tests multivariable logistic regression methods. RESULTS: response rate was 85%. Twelve percent (95% confidence...