Longitudinal analyses reported here explored the relationship between a perceived sense of being at risk for AIDS and variety behavioral, social, psychological consequences. Data were obtained from cohort 637 homosexual men living in Chicago, who are participating psychosocial study have completed two waves data collection. Their perceptions quantified using both an absolute comparative measure; these combined into index, scored one to nine ( x̄ = 3.91; SD 1.64). Univariate demonstrated that...

ABSTRACT Homosexual and bisexual men ( N = 825) enrolled in the Multi‐center AIDS Cohort Study Chicago completed a 90‐minute self‐administered questionnaire that included Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, Well‐Being Index, Hopkins Symptom Checklist. Participants indicated their experiences with gay stigma, visihility as men, involvement community, commitment to positive identity. Data from this predominantly white, young, educated, tniddle‐class cohort are consistent structural model which...

Context. Medical errors are an important problem for hospitalized adult inpatients. However, medical in children remain comparatively understudied, and published research has been relatively limited. Objectives. To investigate the national rates of hospital-reported pediatric inpatients over period 1988–1997; to determine association patient hospital characteristics with occurrence children. Design, Setting, Patients. A nonconcurrent cohort study nonnewborn patients United States ≤18 years...

Abstract Background Researchers have frequently encountered difficulties in the recruitment and retention of minorities resulting their under-representation clinical trials. This report describes successful strategies African Americans Latinos a randomized trial to reduce smoking, depression intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Socio-demographic characteristics risk profiles retained vs. non-retained women lost follow-up dropped-out are presented. In addition, subgroups pregnant who...

Abstract New models of healthcare delivery such as accountable care organizations and patient-centered medical homes seek to improve quality, access, cost. They rely on a robust, secure technology infrastructure provided by health information exchanges (HIEs) distributed research networks the willingness patients share their data. There are few large, in-depth studies US consumers’ views privacy, security, consent in electronic data sharing for together. Objective This paper addresses this...

<h3>Background</h3> Agricultural work can expose workers to increased risk of heat strain and volume depletion due repeated exposures high ambient temperatures, arduous physical exertion limited rehydration. These factors may result in acute kidney injury (AKI). <h3>Methods</h3> We estimated AKI cumulative incidence a convenience sample 283 agricultural based on elevations serum creatinine between preshift postshift blood samples. Heat was assessed changes core body temperature heart rate....

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors experience psychological distress often because of its treatment. However, no prior studies have evaluated the additional medical expenditures health care utilization associated with in AYA survivors.AYA a comparison matched group adults history were identified from 2011-2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. multivariable regression models.AYA more likely to (11.5% 1757) than (5.8% 5227). The prevalence was found be high many years...

Objective: To determine if an emergency departmentbased asthma follow-up clinic could improve outcomes within a high-morbidity pediatric population.Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial with 6 months of follow-up.Setting: Emergency department urban medical center.Participants: Convenience sample 488 patients aged 12 to 17 years, inclusive, prior physiciandiagnosed and 1 or more other unscheduled visits in the previous and/or hospitalizations months.Intervention: Single visit...

BACKGROUND: Blood product transfusions are a valuable health‐care resource. Guidelines for transfusion exist, but variability in their application, particularly children, remains. The risk factors that threaten safety well established, because occurrence children is rare, single‐institution studies have limited utility determining the rates of occurrence. An epidemiologic approach investigates blood hospitalized may help improve our understanding transfused products this vulnerable...

<h3>Objective</h3>To determine if patient race/ethnicity is independently associated with cranial computed tomography (CT) use among children minor blunt head trauma.<h3>Design</h3>Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.<h3>Setting</h3>Pediatric research network 25 North American emergency departments.<h3>Patients</h3>In total, 42 412 younger than 18 years were seen within 24 hours trauma. Of these, 39 717 documented white non-Hispanic, black or Hispanic race/ethnicity. Using...

PURPOSE: Reducing acute care use is an important strategy for improving value in cancer care. However, little information available to describe and compare population-level hospital across types. Our aim was estimate unplanned hospitalization rates the reasons a population-based cohort recently diagnosed with cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: California Cancer Registry data linked administrative inpatient were used examine among individuals between 2009 2012 (n = 412,850). Hospitalizations...

Objectives a) To determine the risk factors for early hyperthermia after traumatic brain injury in children; b) to identify contribution of neurologic status at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharge and PICU length stay head-injured children. Study Design Observational cohort study. Setting a tertiary care, university medical center. Patients Children (n = 117) admitted from July 1995 May 1997 with injury. These children had median age 5.4 yrs (3 wks 15.2 old), 33.4% were girls....

Abstract Objectives: To determine if there are racial/ethnic differences in the rates of appendiceal rupture among children two large states. Because is primarily due to delayed diagnosis, would suggest disparities timely access quality emergency care. Methods: This was an observational, cross‐sectional analysis full‐year samples acute appendicitis cases from California and New York 4 18 years old. Racial/ethnic groups were compared for risk adjusted biological factors both before after...

The authors' goal is to provide basic epidemiologic data on the issue of reactivity stress and HIV symptom onset by studying relationship between a broad set naturally occurring stressor events natural history in large longitudinal community sample HIV-seropositive homosexual men.Subjects were recruited from cohort 1,011 men enrolled Chicago site Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who also participated Coping Change Study. given self-administered questionnaires assessing behavioral,...

Objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of a primary care intervention targeting pregnant African American women and focusing on psychosocial behavioral risk factors for poor reproductive outcomes (cigarette smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, depression, intimate partner violence). Methods. Pregnant (N = 1044) were randomized to an or usual group. Clinic-based, individually tailored counseling sessions adapted from evidence-based interventions. Follow-up data obtained 850 women. Multiple...

In Brief OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of an integrated multiple risk intervention, delivered mainly during pregnancy, in reducing such risks (cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, depression, and intimate partner violence) postpartum. METHODS: Data from this randomized controlled trial were collected prenatally on average 10 weeks postpartum six prenatal care sites District Columbia. African Americans screened, recruited, randomly assigned to behavioral intervention...

Objective: Chronic kidney disease in Central America suggests that agricultural work is potentially harmful to the kidneys. We investigated cumulative incidence of acute injury (AKI) over one shift among workers California. Methods: Serum creatinine was measured both before and after a estimate AKI. Associations incident AKI with traditional occupational risk factors were tested using Chi-square trend tests logistic regression. Results: In 295 workers, summer detected 35 participants...