Pulp fibroblasts express various pro-inflammatory mediators leading to marked infiltration of inflammatory cells in the progression pulpitis. We hypothesized that pulp play roles recognition invaded caries-related bacteria and subsequent innate immune responses. found clear expressions TLR2, NOD1, NOD2 a faint expression TLR4 human dental (HDPF) by RT-PCR flow cytometry. also observed mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, prostaglandin E 2 its key enzyme COX-2, not...

Nakanishi T, Mukai K, Yumoto H, Hirao Hosokawa Y, Matsuo T. Anti‐inflammatory effect of catechin on cultured human dental pulp cells affected by bacteria‐derived factors. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 145–150. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation Catechins (bioactive polyphenols in green tea) are known to exhibit potent anti‐inflammatory properties. However, the effects catechins inflamed tissue not known. In this study, we investigated epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin...

Marked infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as activated T-cells, is observed in the progression pulpitis; however, little known about mechanism their recruitment into pulpal lesions. It has been recently demonstrated that CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) chemoattracts receptor 3 (CXCR3)-positive T-cells. We therefore examined whether CXCL10 involved pathogenesis pulpitis. mRNA expression levels clinically inflamed dental pulp were higher than those healthy pulp. Immunostaining results...

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by microbial biofilm formed in the periodontal pocket. Gingival epithelium plays important roles as first physical barrier to bacterial invasion and orchestrating innate immune reaction via toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize various products, maintaining its function. Newly developed oral care products inhibit adherence, subsequent protect gingival are expected. We previously reported that 2-methacryloyloxyethyl...

Background/Aims: Periodontitis with bone resorption is caused by inflammatory reactions to bacterial infection. We recently reported that electromagnetic wave irradiation (EMWI) has bactericidal effects. However, the effects of EMWI on periodontal tissues remain unclear. This study was aimed investigate osteoblasts. Methods: Osteoblastic cells MC3T3-E1 were treated (500-1,000 kHz, 5 times, 1 sec/time). Cell growth and cytotoxicity determined cell proliferation assays measurement lactate...

The aim of this study was to clarify the effects homologous and heterologous extracellular DNAs (eDNAs) histone-like DNA-binding protein (HLP) on Streptococcus intermedius biofilm development rigidity.Formed mass measured with 0·1% crystal violet staining method observed a scanning electron microscope. localizations eDNA HLP (eHLP) in formed were detected by 7-hydoxyl-9H-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one) anti-HLP antibody without fixation, respectively. DNase I treatment (200 U...

As caries-related bacteria invade deeply into dentin and come close proximity to the pulp, inflammatory cells (such as lymphocytes, macrophages neutrophils) infiltrate bacterium-invaded area consequently pulpitis develops. Many types of cytokines adhesion molecules are responsible for initiation progression pulpitis. Dental pulp fibroblasts, a major cell type in dental also have capacity produce pro-inflammatory express response pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including...

Streptococcus intermedius is a commensal associated with serious, deep-seated purulent infections in major organs, such as the brain and liver. Histone-like DNA binding protein (HLP) an accessory architectural variety of bacterial cellular processes. In this study, we investigated mechanisms pro-inflammatory cytokine inductions THP-1 cells by stimulation recombinant HLP S. (rSi-HLP). rSi-HLP stimulation-induced production cytokines (IL-8, IL-1 beta TNF-alpha) occurred time- dose-dependent...

Dental biofilms that form in the oral cavity play a critical role pathogenesis of several infectious diseases, including dental caries, periodontal disease, and candidiasis. Houttuynia cordata (HC, Saururaceae) is widely used traditional medicine, for both internal external application. A decoction dried HC leaves (dHC) has long been consumed as health-promoting herbal tea Japan. We have recently reported water solution poultice ethanol extract (wHCP) exerts antimicrobial antibiofilm effects...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium and causes respiratory infection especially in elderly patients. Royal jelly has been used worldwide as traditional remedy nutrient; however, the effect against P. unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze antibacterial, antiadherent, anti-inflammatory effects royal aeruginosa. Wild-type strain PAO1 clinical isolates were for antibacterial assay antiadherent abiotic surface epithelial cells, which are pharynx (Detroit 562) lung...

Caries-related pathogens are first recognized by odontoblasts and induce inflammatory events that develop to pulpitis. Generally, initial sensing of microbial is mediated pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD); however, little known about NODs in odontoblasts. In this study, the levels expressed rat odontoblastic cell line, KN-3, were assessed flow cytometry chemokines NOD-specific ligand-stimulated KN-3 cells analyzed...

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the main component of propolis, has various biological activities including anti-inflammatory effect and wound healing promotion. Odontoblasts located in outermost layer dental pulp play crucial roles such as production growth factors formation hard tissue termed reparative dentin host defense against caries. In this study, we investigated effects CAPE on upregulation vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) calcification odontoblasts, leading to development...

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontopathogenic bacteria that form biofilms in periodontal pockets. The gingival epithelium acts as the first physical barrier fighting attacks pathogens, such primary etiological agent Porphyromonas gingivalis, and various exogenous chemicals, well regulates local innate immune responses. Therefore, development of novel oral care products to inhibit reactions bacterial infection protect necessary. Juncus effusus L. has generally...

The aim of this work was to clarify the effects electromagnetic wave irradiation (EMWI) on oral bacterial pathogens. A Gram-negative (Porphyromonas gingivalis) or Gram-positive (Streptococcus mutans, S. intermedius, Enterococcus faecalis) suspension irradiated by EMW apparatus (500-1000 kHz, 5-15 times, 1 s time(-1) ). Quantification survival bacteria CFU counting revealed that EMWI exhibited marked bactericidal activity against all tested and at 500 kHz increased in an number-dependent...

So far the photorespiration rate (RP) in a leaf has been determined as difference between net photosynthetic rates (PN) measured 21 % O2 air (PN21%) and 3 (PN3%). In C3 plant Vigna radiata C4 Amaranthus mongostanus L., PN chlorophyll fluorescence quenching leaves were monitored simultaneously. RP of situ was estimated termed RPE from electron transport through photosystem 2 (PS2), compared with RPO (PN3% - PN21%). V. radiataRPO 11.9 µmol(CO2) m-2 s-1 ratio to PN21% 42.2 %, whereas 25.7 %....

Abstract The heterosis of leaf photosynthesis was studied on the main characters included in range from CO 2 exchange rate (CER) to enzymatic activity using a remote cross F, rice. CER significantly higher than those parental strains, showing 111 % effect average; at same time strong observed for area production and growth. Also stomatal mesophyll conductances increased F 1 rice, which may contribute increase CER. Chlorophyll content (Ch1), soluble protein (SPC) ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate...

Abstract Bei der Reduktion 6β‐Hydroxysäure (I) mit Lithium in einer Mischung aus tert.‐Amylalkohol und Äthylamin entsteht die Carbonsäure (II), sich Diazomethan zu dem Methylester (III) durch Acetylierung Acetylchlorid Pyridin Verbindung (IV) umwandeln läßt. erschöpfenden Hydrierung Verbindungen (V), Desoxyverbindungen (VIII) (IX) Acetylderivate (XII) unter verschiedenen Drücken werden cis‐Verbindungen (VI), (X) (XIII) bevorzugt bei hö= heren trans‐Verbindungen (VII), (XI) (XIV) vor allem...