Histopathologic changes in rat brain due to chronic use of morphine and/or tramadol progressively increased doses were investigated this study. Thirty male Wistar rats (180-220 g) included and divided into three groups. Normal saline (1 ml/kg) was given intraperitoneally as placebo the control group (n = 10). Morphine 10) received at a dose 4 mg/kg/day for first 10 days, 8 between 11-20 12 21-30 days. The drug 20, 40, 80 first, second, third days study, respectively. All decapitated on 30th...

Anatomy education in medical schools has always been considered demanding, as students need to learn and remember vast amount of information about the human body. Since ongoing technological innovation, is changing how humans interact with information, integrating web anatomy can provide a way revise what they have learned an interactive competitive means. There research on use game-based response systems engage learners during lectures; however, significant gap exists demonstrating value...

Inadequate release of retaining ligaments during facelift surgery may lead to an unnatural appearance. However, most surgeons are hesitant in transecting these avoid possible injury facial subbranches.In the authors' surgical practice for modified composite flap rhytidectomy, authors employed finger-assisted malar elevation (FAME) technique order enable safe zygomatic cutaneous through prezygomatic space under direct vision. The aim was evaluate anatomical basis and safety measures this a...

We observed a bilateral and symmetrical variation of the anterior belly digastric muscle during dissection 35-year-old female cadaver. The accessory bundles were arranged in cross. These found superficial to mylohyoid deep platysma. Such from perfect symmetry has not been previously reported. To avoid misinterpretation radiological tests, it is important be aware variations when examining floor mouth submental region.

In this study,20 keratoconus corneal tissue were examined. TEM examination of the cornea, epithelium was irregular in thickness. these epithelial cells, number microvilli decreased and they showed an arrangement. Vesicular degeneration swelling mitochondria observed cytoplasm cells. Interepithelial relation normal desmosomes did not show any pathology. electron microscopic stroma, focal collagen fibers. SEM depressions elevations found on surface. Additionally, degenerated cells areas. To...

ABSTRACT: Background: Organophosphate intoxication can cause some well-known life threatening acute neurological complications such as seizures, paralysis, neuromuscular and cardiac conduction disorders. Less often, a predominantly motor delayed axonal neuropathy occur. This syndrome is due to inhibition of target esterase. Case Report: A 30-year-old woman attempted suicide by drinking approximately 1000mg/kg dimethyl-2,2-dichloro vinyl phosphate (DDVP). After muscarinic cholinergic lasting...

In this study, we focused on finding out whether branching patterns of the common fibular (CFN) and superficial (SFN) nerves change throughout early period life. The popliteal fossa legs both sides 20 fetuses (13 females 7 males) were dissected. ages varied between 36 weeks. levels where CFN diverged from sciatic nerve, to its terminal branches, cutaneous branches SFN became evaluated, together with similarity these sides. We observed that, comparing results previous studies adults, CFNs in...

There are various data about the incidence of accessory tendons (AT) extensor hallucis longus (EHL) muscle; however, their function is unknown. This study aimed to determine and morphometric features AT EHL muscle in fetuses order provide more information discuss its possible function. Forty-five (26 female 19 male) were used this study. Fetuses grouped as Group A (16-21 weeks), B (22-27 C (28-34 weeks) according age. In 23 (51%) out 45 fetuses, there AT. These bilateral 15 (65%) unilateral...

To evaluate the origin, distribution pattern, branches, and neighboring structures of iliolumbar artery (ILA) concerning anterolateral surgical approaches to spine.This study was performed in Anatomy Department Medical School, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey between 2014 2015. Pelvises 11 male formalin-fixed human cadavers were dissected by anterior posterior under microscope. The origins, patterns, calibers, distances certain measured.The ILA found as a single trunk on 17 sides arising...

In this study, we evaluated the effects of trapidil on crush injury by monitoring nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and transforming growth factor-Beta2 levels transmission electron microscopy in rat sciatic nerve. The nerve was compressed for 20 sec using a jewelers forceps. Trapidil treatment groups were administrated single dose (8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally just after injury. + 2nd, 7th, 15th, 30th 45th days post-crush period. On 7th 15th days, damage thin thick myelinated axons, endoneural...

Abstract The aim of this study was to obtain information by assessing the relationship between temporal region fascial structures, fat pads, and branches facial nerve in human fetuses use knowledge on treatment early childhood period surgeries. This anatomic dissection conducted 40 hemifaces with no visible external abnormalities their faces. Fascial layers related pads were dissected layer beginning from superficial deep. relations temporoparietal fascia structures these evaluated....

This report presents a rare example of bilateral congenital anophthalmos and an agenesis the optic pathways. The MR imaging studies revealed that eyeballs, nerves, chiasm, tracts radiation were absent. chromosomal examination was normal. Mild mental retardation also observed. Apart from rarity total absence pathways, no etiologic reason for this pathology could be detected, which makes case more significant.

To reveal the detailed morphological features of fibular collateral (fibular) ligament, popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament and synovial components regarding to achieve data for surgical biomechanical utilization.Knees 10 formalin-fixed male cadavers were dissected bilaterally.Bursae around lateral relation tendon with at femoral attachment site noted.The positional between both ends was evaluated statistically.The PT exceeded anterior margin in 11 sides, posterior 3 sides margins 5...

Objectives:The anatomical relationship of the fibrous structures in posterolateral corner knee is highly complex, with many different descriptions these literature.Discrepancy definitions FF, AL and PF are a problem for both clinicians anatomists.This study aimed to examine describe their features clarify our understanding morphology. Methods:The joint was bilaterally dissected 10 male cadavers.Fibrous originating from fibular head as common mass were defined relation attachment sites...