Previous studies have shown that chronic heavy alcohol consumption and of a high-fat (HF) diet can independently contribute to skeletal muscle oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction, yet the concurrent effect these risk factors remains unclear. We aimed assess different dietary compositions on activity markers. Male female mice were randomized an (EtOH)-free HF diet, + EtOH or low-Fat (LF) for 6 weeks. At end study, electron transport chain complex expression as well antioxidant...

Alcohol is a myotoxin that disrupts skeletal muscle function and metabolism, but specific metabolic alternations following binge the time course of recovery remain undefined. The purpose this work was to determine response alcohol, role corticosterone in response, whether nutrient availability mediates response. Female mice received saline (control) or alcohol (EtOH) (5 g/kg) via intraperitoneal injection at start dark cycle. Whole body metabolism assessed for 5 days. In separate cohort,...

Binge and chronic alcohol intake impair skeletal muscle liver circadian clocks. Scheduled exercise is suggested to protect against misalignment, like that induced by alcohol. It was tested whether scheduled, voluntary daily wheel running would the gastrocnemius clocks alcohol-induced perturbations. Female C57BL6/Hsd mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups: control-sedentary (CON SED, n = 26), control-exercise EX, 28), alcohol-sedentary (ETOH 27), or alcohol-exercise 25). Exercise granted access...

This study examines relationships between frailty, concerns about falling (CaF), and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old). Frailty, CaF, were cross-sectionally assessed using the FRAIL, short FES-I, STEADI questionnaires 178 participants. Spearman correlations, logistical regression, ordinal regression analysis performed. 38.2% of participants robust, 48.9% pre-frail, 12.9% frail. Logistic regressions revealed that frail individuals 91.4% more likely to have CaF...

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can lead to a wide spectrum of deficits in growth and neurological function, there is an established link between PAE auditory dysfunction. However, the effects on development are complex vary depending age pattern exposure. In this study, we developed mouse model during first half gestational period, mimicking consumption trimester pregnancy humans. This did not affect overall or induce anxiety-related symptoms offspring, as indicated by normal body weight...

Background Acute and chronic alcohol use can cause skeletal muscle myopathy in concert with impairments strength, function fatigue resistance. However, the fundamental contractile deficits induced presence of versus those observed recovery period following clearance have not yet been characterized nor is it known whether sex influences these outcomes. Methods Male female mice received an intraperitoneal injection either saline (Control) or ethanol (EtOH; 5g/kg body weight). Muscle force,...

Chronic alcohol intoxication decreases muscle strength/function and causes mitochondrial dysfunction. Aerobic exercise training improves oxidative capacity increases mass strength. Presently, the impact of chronic on aerobic exercise-induced adaptations was investigated. Female C57BL/6Hsd mice were randomly assigned to one four groups: control sedentary (CON SED;

ABSTRACT Background The translation of promising therapies from pre-clinical models hindlimb ischemia (HLI) to patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) has been inadequate. While this failure is multifactorial, primary outcome measures in preclinical HLI and clinical trials involving PAD are not aligned well. For example, laser Doppler perfusion recovery measured under resting conditions the most used studies, whereas primarily assess walking performance. Here, we sought develop a 6-min...

The intrinsic skeletal muscle core clock has emerged as a key feature of metabolic control and influences several aspects physiology. Acute alcohol intoxication disrupts the molecular clock, but whether chronic consumption, like that leading to alcoholic myopathy, is also zeitgeber for remains unknown. purpose this work was determine consumption dysregulates clock-controlled genes (CCGs). C57BL/6Hsd female mice (14 weeks old) were fed (CON) or (EtOH) containing liquid diet 6 weeks....

Alcohol is a myotoxin that impairs skeletal muscle metabolism and function following either chronic consumption or acute binge drinking; however, mechanisms underlying alcohol-related myotoxicity have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we demonstrate alcohol acutely interrupts oscillation of core clock genes, this neither direct effect ethanol on the muscle, nor an elevated serum corticosterone, major regulator.

Alcohol is a carcinogen and its intake prior to developing cancer throughout duration exacerbates cachexia in rodent models. However, the effects on of stopping alcohol tumor establishment are unknown.Male female mice consumed either nonalcohol control liquid diet (CON) or 20% ethanol (kcal/day) (EtOH) for 6 weeks. All then groups were inoculated with C26 colon cells. Gastrocnemius muscles collected analyzed after ~2 weeks.Skeletal muscle weight male epididymal perigonadal fat mass reduced...

The purpose of this longitudinal, descriptive study was to observe changes in maximal strength measured via isometric clean grip mid-thigh pull and home runs (total per game) across three years training competitive seasons for four National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 baseball players. A one-way repeated measures analysis variance (ANOVA) performed, revealing significant univariate effects time peak force (PF) (p = 0.003) allometrically scaled (PFa) 0.002). Increases PF...

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a significant risk factor for both the development of peripheral artery (PAD) and major adverse limb events. However, little known about how coalescence these two conditions impacts muscle pathophysiology. The objective current study was to determine impact CKD on skeletal strength mitochondrial health in patients with without PAD. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective design employed assess plantar flexor strength, fiber area (CSA), four groups (61...

A primary co-morbidity of cancer is cachexia characterized by the wasting adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Up to 80% patients may suffer from this condition leading reduced quality life, poor treatment effectiveness increased morbidity mortality. The risk enhanced in those with lifestyle habits including habitual consumption alcohol both prior a diagnosis when continued during disease progression. use muscle contraction improve outcomes has been explored naïve models some success, however...

BACKGROUND: Aging involves a gradual deterioration of physical and physiological functions, ultimately leading to mortality. Unfortunately, there are no treatments available that successfully mitigate the age-associated decline in function. Recent studies have revealed strong association between elevated levels L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) frailty, muscle weakness, neuromuscular junction degeneration humans mice, however causal relationship has not been tested. L-Kyn is product tryptophan catabolism...

Introduction Circadian rhythms are ~24‐hour oscillations generated by a transcription‐translation feedback loop known as the core molecular clock. The clock is comprised of positive arm, which includes genes circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock) and brain muscle arnt‐like (Bmal1), negative period (Per)1/2/3 cryptochrome (Cry)1/2. Several physiological processes ‘Clock’ controlled, disruptions to these linked many chronic diseases, such cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression,...

Electronic cigarettes (Ecigs) are being promoted as safer than traditional tobacco cigarettes, leading to increased use even during pregnancy. However, the risks associated with Ecig usage pregnancy on offspring has not been examined. Rat dams were either exposed nicotine‐free vapor (Ecig+0) or ambient air. pups sacrificed at one month (Air n=6, Ecig+0 n=5) three months n=4, n=3). Maternal exposure (Joyetech eGrip OLED using 5‐sec puff @ 17.5 W) consisted of 30 puffs over 1‐hour each day, 5...

Alcohol is a known myotoxin that disrupts skeletal muscle function and health. Mitochondria play an important role in maintaining proper as they contribute to the production of ATP. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism well xenobiotics like alcohol, lead reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can cause cellular damage if antioxidant response exceeded. Chronic alcohol ingestion has been linked enhanced stress liver, while temporal progression gene programs following acute intoxication remains...

The skeletal muscle clock contributes to the regulation of health and function. Mutations result in decreased mass strength, altered mitochondrial health, substrate metabolism muscle. Chronic alcohol (EtOH) ingestion disrupts components core molecular clock, alters function, decreases strength. Exercise is a potent stimulator exercise training promotes health. PURPOSE: In current study, we examined potential protective effects scheduled, voluntary wheel running on alcohol-induced disruptions...

Chronic stress‐induced depression is a major cerebrovascular risk factor, and the link between obesity strong. We have previously shown that chronic stress in obese rats significantly reduces function, mediated by an increase oxidative stress. Xanthine oxidase (XO) source of stress, thus, we examined effects Febuxostat (XO inhibitor) on improving function after development depressive like symptoms. Diet induced (60 kcal% fat) started at 6 weeks age C57BL/6 mice (n=12) lasting for total...

Chronic stress is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We have shown that chronic stress, which acts as trigger anxiety and depression, significantly reduces vascular function in obese rats mice. Such dysfunction linked to an increase systemic inflammation. The spleen adipose tissue are sources of these peripheral immune cells. sought identify the immunological changes after unpredictable (UCMS). Spleen gonadal cells from male mice who underwent either 8 weeks non‐UCMS (controls,...