Obtaining an understanding, at the atomic level, of interaction nanomaterials with biological systems has recently become issue great research interest. Here we report on molecular dynamics study translocation fullerene C60 and its derivative C60(OH)20 across a model cell membrane (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine or DPPC bilayer). The simulation results indicate that, although pristine molecule can readily "jump" into bilayer translocate within few milliseconds, barely penetrate bilayer....

This study examined the interactions between Daphnia magna and a water-soluble, lysophophatidylcholine coated single-walled carbon nanotube. D. were able to ingest nanotubes through normal feeding behavior utilize coating as food source. modify solubility of nanotube, likely digestion lipid coating. provides evidence biomodification carbon-based nanomaterial by an aquatic organism. The modification significantly altered physical properties in freshwater. Acute toxicity was observed only...

The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) incident resulted in extensive oiling of the pelagic zone and shoreline habitats many commercially important fish species. Exposure to water-accommodated fraction (WAF) oil from spill causes developmental toxicity through cardiac defects However, few studies have evaluated effects on near-shore estuarine species such as red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Following exposure a certified weathered slick (4.74 μg/L ∑PAH50) DWH event, significant sublethal impacts were...

Mercury is a global contaminant, which may be microbially transformed into methylmercury (MeHg), bioaccumulates. This results in potentially toxic body burdens high trophic level organisms aquatic ecosystems and maternal transfer to offspring. We previously demonstrated effects on developing fish including hyperactivity, altered time-to-hatch, reduced survival, dysregulation of the dopaminergic system. A link between gut microbiota central nervous system function teleosts has been...

Abstract Engineered carbon nanostructures, such as multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs), are inherently hydrophobic and not readily stable in aqueous media. However, the stability bioavailability of these may be influenced by water quality parameters ionic strength, pH, natural organic matter (NOM). Natural adsorbs onto surface MWNTs, effectively covering resulting increased stability. This enhanced is likely to lead an residence time column exposure times for pelagic organisms. In current study,...

We studied the biomagnification of total mercury and methylmercury in a subtropical freshwater lake, Caddo Lake, Texas Louisiana, USA. The present study is unique that it not only included invertebrates (seven species) fish (six but also an amphibian (one species), reptiles (three mammals species). Nonfish vertebrates such as those are often assessments trophic transfer Hg. Mean position (determined using stable isotopes nitrogen) ranged from 2.0 (indicative primary consumer) to 3.8 tertiary...

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in the accidental release of millions barrels crude into Gulf Mexico. Photoinduced toxicity following coexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one mechanism by which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from spills may exert toxicity. Mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus), an important fishery resource, have positively buoyant, transparent eggs. These characteristics result mahi-mahi embryos being at particular risk photoinduced goal this study...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in crude oil are known to impair visual development fish. However, the underlying mechanism of PAH-induced toxicity system fish is not understood. Embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio) at 4 h post fertilization were exposed weathered and assessed for function using an optokinetic response, with subsequent samples taken immunohistochemistry gene expression analysis. Cardiotoxicity was also by measuring heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, as...

Abstract The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in the accidental release of approximately 700 million L crude into Gulf Mexico. Photo‐induced toxicity after co‐exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is 1 mechanism by which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from spills may exert toxicity. Blue crab are an important commercial and ecological resource Mexico, their largely transparent larvae make them sensitive PAH photo‐induced goal present study was examine sensitivity early...

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010 overlapped with the spawning of many pelagic fish species Gulf Mexico, including mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released during have been shown to cause photo-induced toxicity under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In present study, embryos were exposed high-energy water accommodated fractions source and naturally weathered oils for up 48 h. timing co-exposure UV radiation varied between an early development...

Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and potent neurotoxin. In aquatic environments, Hg can be transformed into methylmercury (MeHg), which bioaccumulates in food webs, including fish. Methylmercury has been shown to transfer from female fish developing eggs; however, relatively little known regarding the effects of maternally transferred MeHg on embryos. The present study evaluated fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) Embryos were collected adult fatheads exposed for 30 d...

Abstract Melano‐macrophage aggregates, collections of specialized cells the innate immune system fish, are considered a general biomarker for contaminant toxicity. To elucidate further relationship between macrophage aggregates and metals exposure, yelloweye rockfish ( Sebastes ruberrimus ), long‐lived species, were sampled from east west coasts Prince Wales Island, Alaska. Metals concentrations in livers (inorganic Hg, methyl mercury, Se, Ni, Cd, Cu, Zn) spleens Hg mercury) determined, as...

Abstract Nano‐titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is the most widely used form of nanoparticles in commercial industry and comes main configurations: rutile anatase. Rutile TiO ultraviolet (UV) screening applications, whereas anatase crystals have a surface defect that makes them photoreactive. There are numerous reports literature photo‐induced toxicity to aquatic organisms following coexposure nano‐TiO UV. All natural freshwater contains varying amounts organic matter (NOM), which can drive UV...

Mercury (Hg) contamination is a global issue with implications for both ecosystem and human health. In this study, we use new approach to link Hg exposure health effects in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) from Caddo Lake (TX/LA). Previous field studies have reported elevated incidences of macrophage centers liver, kidney, spleen fish high concentrations Hg. Macrophage are aggregates specialized white blood cells that form as an immune response tissue damage, considered general biomarker...