In this study, we present a simple, hand-powered, and electricity-free centrifuge platform based on commercially available "fidget-spinner." The centrifugal force provided by inexpensive easy-to-use toy is sufficient to separate whole blood, producing plasma yield rate purity of 30% 99%, respectively, separated in as little 4–7 min. We verified the performing paper-based HIV-1 p24 capsid protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which achieved recovery up 98%, indicating features extremely...

Abstract In this study, we consider various contributions to the forces on an impulsively started finite plate from perspective of a diagnostic vorticity force theory. The wing has aspect ratio (AR) between 1 and 3, is placed at low high angles attack ( $\ensuremath{\alpha} \leq $ ${\gt }2{0}^{\ensuremath{\circ} } ), while Reynolds number either 100 or 300. theory enables us quantify exerted in terms all fluid elements with non-zero vorticity, such as tip vortices (TiVs), leading-...

A joint numerical and experimental investigation has been performed to study a vortex ring normally impinging on solid plane surface. Specific emphasis is placed upon the structure associated surface force at Reynolds numbers between 500 2000. Along line of Chang [Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. 437, 517 (1992)], was viewed be contributed by fluid elements with nonvanishing vorticity in flow. This viewpoint enables paper provide unique opportunity shed light detailed mechanism which causes small...

Insects perform their multitude of flight skills at frequencies tens to hundreds Hertz, and the aerodynamics these are fundamentally unsteady. Intuitively, unsteadiness may come from unsteady wing motion, surface vorticity or being shed into rear front wakes. In this study, we propose investigate dragonfly using a simplified wing–wing model perspective many-body force decomposition associated elements. Insect usually operates Reynolds numbers order several hundreds, which is shown play...

Laminar vortex rings approaching a solid planar surface and free have been investigated experimentally over the range of Reynolds numbers based on circulation, ReΓ, from 900 to 2350. The emphasis is process stretching, induction boundary layer surface, formation secondary vortices, rebounding primary ring. Detailed measurements were made using laser-induced photochemical anemometry (LIPA), nonintrusive visualization technique which enables multipoint simultaneous measurement unsteady...

The study presents a force theory for incompressible flow about several solid bodies, which enables us to examine the contribution each body from individual fluid elements. By employing auxiliary potential functions, we decompose hydrodynamic forces in terms of unsteadiness incoming stream, vorticity within flow, and surface on bodies. usefulness this decomposition is illustrated by examining separated circular cylinders. Guidelines were obtained finding an optimal arrangement achieve...

Head-on collision of two coaxial vortex rings has been studied by joint experimental and numerical investigation. The Reynolds number, Re Γ , based on the initial circulation rings, ranged from 400 to 2700. Besides data, vorticity field was also resolved a non-intrusive visualization technique, LIPA, which enabled simultaneous measurement velocities at multiple locations plane area. It found that enstrophy, rather than circulation, revealed three stages evolution prior their breakdown. These...

Three isotoxins (SP I-III) of the beta-bungarotoxin family were purified to homogeneity via a series isolation procedures including final step h.p.l.c. on an SP column washed with linear gradient 0.2-0.6 M sodium acetate at pH 7.4. Their proportions varied greatly batch venom. Each isotoxin was demonstrated by SDS/PAGE contain phospholipase A2 subunit and non-phospholipase subunit. The three proteins reductively alkylated 4-vinylpyridine derivatives two subunits each separated. N-Terminal...

In this study, we revisit two simplified models of hovering motion for fruit fly and dragonfly from the perspective force decomposition. The unsteady aerodynamics are analysed by examining lift its four constituent components, each which is directly related to a physical effect. These components include one vorticity within flow, surface contributions credited insect wing. According phase difference in models, can be classified into three types: symmetric, advanced delayed rotations....

beta 1-Bungarotoxin consists of a phospholipase A2 subunit and non-phospholipase subunit. The toxin was oxidized with 100-fold molar excess chloramine T respect to the methionine content protein in 0.1 M Tris/HCl at pH 8.5 room temperature. Reactivities two (Met-6 Met-8 subunit), five histidine, 14 tyrosine one tryptophan residues molecule were assessed from change intrinsic fluorescence amino acid composition protein. on less than histidine oxidized, while Met-6 remained intact after 30 min...

It is known that surface tension-capillary pumping an effective driving force in a microchannel, however power-free mixer uses only tension has not yet been achieved. In the present study, method explored to perform mixing microchannel without any external active mechanisms such as pumps, valves or energies like electrostatic magnetic fields. The cost channel designed have no sidewalls with liquid being confined flow between bottom hydrophilic stripe and top-covered hydrophobic substrate....

Abstract Numerical simulations and laboratory experiments were jointly conducted to investigate a bathtub vortex under the influence of protruding cylinder in rotating tank. In set-up, central drain hole is placed at bottom tank top-down suspended from rigid top lid, with fluid supplied sidewall for mass conservation. The protruded produce Taylor column effect. flow pattern depends on Rossby number ( $\mathit{Ro}= U/ fR$ ), Ekman $\mathit{Ek}= \nu / f{R}^{2} )$ height ratio, $h/ H$ , where...

The zebrafish is a well-established model system used to study and understand various human biological processes. present OCT investigate growth of the adult brain. Twenty were studied, using their standard lengths as indicators age. Zebrafish brain aging was evaluated by analyzing signal attenuation rates texture features in regions interest (ROIs). Optical scattering originates from light interaction with structures. During development, gains cells. Signal rate, therefore, increases...

In this article, we investigate the motion of a neutrally buoyant particle an elliptic shape freely moving in two dimensional shear flow by direct numerical simulation. An flow, when initially being placed at middle between walls, either keeps rotating or has stationary inclination angle depending on Reynolds number Re=Grra2/ν, where Gr is rate, ra semi-long axis particle, and ν kinetic viscosity fluid. The critical Recr for transition from to orientation depends aspect ratio AR = rb/ra...

CD = total drag coefficient CDa associated with the acceleration of wing CDm motion CDs surface vorticity and friction on CDv to within flowfield CL lift CLa CLm CLs CLv c chord length P static fluid pressure Re Reynolds number U max maximum velocity u vector air viscosity density auxiliary potential function !

The planarian is widely used as a model for studying tissue regeneration. In this study, we optical coherence tomography (OCT) the real-time, high-resolution imaging of Five planaria were sliced transversely to produce 5 head and tail fragments. During 2-week regeneration period, OCT images acquired analyze signal attenuation rates, intensity ratios image texture features (including contrast, correlation, homogeneity, energy entropy) compare primitive regenerated tissues. fragments, rates...