The cuticle is the first barrier against bacterial trans-shell penetration. To evaluate quality among different colored eggshells, an efficient and reliable method proposed in this paper on basis of opacity theory. It shown that Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between reported reflectance ΔE*ab methods are all more than 0.90 measuring deposition for same breed eggs, indicating result measured by credible. In addition, validity also verified Escherichia coli penetration experiments...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics egg consumption in China and production functional eggs, finally enrich types shell products. Trial 1 explored influence quality on Chinese consumers' willingness purchase eggs through a questionnaire, which investigated 1,317 preferences for appearance, factors influencing purchase, eggs. results showed that about 65% respondents ate more than 4 per wk, pink were most popular China, consumers preferred with an weight 48 58...

In this study, we compared the antibacterial effectivity of eggs six precocial and four altricial bird species using Escherichia coli, based on their eggshell traits. The ultrastructure was observed a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to SEM results, from birds (chicken, turkey, quail, duck, ostrich, goose) had cuticle eggshells, while (pigeon, budgerigar, munia, canary) did not. environment/selection pressure may induce divergent evolution process in birds. E. coli experiment...

Understanding the sex determination mechanisms in birds has great significance for biological sciences and production poultry industry. Sex chickens is a complex process that involves fate decisions of supporting cells such as granulosa or Sertoli cells. However, systematic understanding genetic regulation cell commitment underlying still lacking. We aimed to dissect molecular characteristics associated with gonads chicken embryos. Single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) ATAC-seq (snATAC-seq)...

Evaluating diverse structural variation (SV) detection-relevant programs leveraging different algorithms has become a pressing need in humans and farm animals. We addressed this by sequencing five genetically pig individuals (breeds) with short- long-read DNA-sequencing platforms. created the SV benchmark set for each breed assessed performance of 16 calling-relevant tools. Results showed that platforms enabled detecting many SVs missed short-read similar precision. Benchmark SVs, mainly...

Transposable elements (TEs) are a major source of genetic polymorphisms and play role in chromatin architecture, gene regulatory networks, genomic evolution. However, their functional pigs contributions to complex traits largely unknown. We created catalog TEs (n = 3,087,929) found that young SINEs were predominantly silenced by histone modifications, DNA methylation, decreased accessibility. some transcripts from active showed high tissue-specificity, as confirmed analyzing 3570 RNA-seq...

Fresh duck eggs normally have an unpleasant fishy odor when compared with from other poultry. However, the cause of this smell remains unknown. Besides, we limited knowledge regarding perception ability odor. Therefore, aimed to identify causative substances responsible for in eggs, and further evaluate factors affecting We detected quantified volatile yolks Jingjiang Beijing using headspace gas chromatography, evaluated rating scores. performed association studies on relationship between...

Studies on trimethylamine (TMA) in egg yolk have focused how it impacts the flavor of eggs, but there has been little focus its other functions. We designed an vitro antibacterial test TMA according to concentrations that covered contents typically found yolk. The change content was analyzed at different storage temperatures and for durations. known components including cuticle quality eggshell lysozyme activity white, were also assessed. total bacterial count (TBC) parts eggs detected....

Abstract The differences between the trimethylamine (TMA) content levels in duck and chicken egg yolks under normal dietary conditions were compared. Moreover, association polymorphisms of FMO3 gene TMA was analyzed. Then, to detect mutations associated with fish‐flavor trait, populations selected for a high‐choline diet experiment, which followed by full‐length sequencing exons. results showed that eggs (3.60 μg/g) significantly higher than those (2.35 ( P < 0.01). With regard diet,...

Abstract The cuticle formed in the uterus is outermost layer as first defense line of eggshell against microbial invasions most avian species, and analyzing its genetic regulation influencing factors are great importance to egg biosecurity poultry production worldwide. current study compared uterine transcriptome proteome laying hens producing eggs with good poor quality (GC PC, top tail distribution), identified several genes involved (ESCQ). Overall, transcriptomic analysis 53...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is ubiquitous in the environment and released after death of gram-negative bacteria, which may be related to inflammation immunosuppression. However, its impact on reproduction animals their offspring, especially underlying mechanism need further elucidation. Here, we used laying hens as a model organism investigate effects maternal exposure LPS (LPS stimulation) animal offspring's immunity reproductive performance, well regulatory role transcriptome. We found that...

Salmonella is the most common cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. Poultry eggs are a major contamination source Salmonella. The prevalence has been effectively reduced since series measures were taken to reduce in egg-laying houses. In present study, 1,512 environmental samples obtained from layer farms different production scales screened voluntary survey study. Contaminations detected using PCR method. Genetic relationships among specified molecular typing by enterobacterial repetitive...

Choline is an important nutrient, playing key roles in numerous metabolic pathways relevant to animal health.

Most duck eggs possess a fishy odor, indicating that ducks generally exhibit impaired trimethylamine (TMA) metabolism. TMA accumulation is responsible for this unpleasant and metabolism plays an essential role in trimethylaminuria (TMAU), also known as fish odor syndrome. In study, we focused on the unusual mechanism ducks, further explored unclear reasons leading to debilitating metabolism.To achieve this, transcriptome, proteome, metagenome analyses were first integrated based constructed...

Abstract The major components of vitelline membrane (VM) are ovomucin, VM outer (VMO) I and VMO II. At present, the distribution pattern maternal cells on has not been described in detail. In this study, existence characteristics were observed. There more than 3.2 × 10 5 somatic VM, which uneven distributed. calcein AM/PI staining showed that cells’ viability changed with freshness eggs, gradually underwent apoptosis became degraded. results morphology different tissues indicated most...

In the Suidae family, warthogs show significant survival adaptability and trait specificity. This study offers a comparative genomic analysis between warthog other species, including Luchuan pig, Duroc Red River hog. By integrating four genomes with sequences from we identified 8868 single-copy orthologous genes. Based on protein sequences, phylogenetic assessments highlighted divergence timelines unique evolutionary branches within suid species. Warthogs exist different compared to DRCs...

Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) are an extensive source of genetic polymorphisms and play indispensable role in chromatin architecture, transcriptional regulatory networks, genomic evolution. The pig is important animal protein serves as a biomedical model for humans, yet the functional TEs pigs their contributions to complex traits largely unknown. Here, we built comprehensive catalog (n = 3,087,929) by newly developed pipeline. Through integrating multi-omics data from 21 tissues,...

Abstract Background: The cuticle formed in the uterus is outermost layer as first defense line of eggshell against microbial invasions most avian species, and analyzing its genetic regulation influencing factors are great importance to egg biosecurity poultry production. current study compared uterine transcriptome proteome laying hens producing eggs with good poor deposition (GC PC, top tail distribution), identified several genes involved deposition. Results: Overall, transcriptomic...