nMost contemporary achievement goal conceptualizations consist of a performance versus mastery dichotomy. The present research offers an alternative framework by partitioning the orientation into independent approach and avoidance motivational orientations. Two experiments investigated predictive utility proposed approach-avoidance conceptualization in intrinsic motivation domain. Results from both supported framework; only goals grounded failure undermined motivation. Task involvement was...

Interests and goals have been identified as two important motivational variables that impact individuals' academic performances, yet little is known about how best to utilize these enhance childrens' learning. We first review recent developments in the areas then examine connection between interests goals. argue polarization of situational individual interest, extrinsic intrinsic motivation, performance mastery must be reconsidered. In addition, although we acknowledge positive effects...

C. Midgley et al. (2001) raised important questions about the effects of performance-approach goals. The present authors disagree with their characterization research findings and implications for theory. They discuss 3 reasons to revise goal theory: (a) importance separating approach from avoidance strivings, (b) positive potential goals, (c) identification ways goals can combine mastery promote optimal motivation. review theory substantiate claim that is in need revision, they endorse a...

For the Love of Science Which is a better predictor student's continued participation in science, facile understanding or personal interest? Hulleman and Harackiewicz (p. 1410 ) designed an experiment to find out what drives high-school students. First-year students were asked either write about they had just learned how connected some facet their lives. Connections relevance stronger than good grades for predicting interest further science courses future careers. This low-cost intervention...

Abstract Achievement goal theory has been one of the most prominent theories motivation in educational research for more than 25 years. It undergone considerable revision during that span, notably with distinction between approach and avoidance goals, debate concerning critical features performance emergence a multiple perspective emphasizes positive potential performance-approach goals alongside mastery goals. This met several criticisms from theorists taking traditional over We review...

The authors examined the role of achievement goals, ability, and high school performance in predicting academic success over students’ college careers. First, which variables predicted interest an introductory psychology course taken their first semester college. Then, followed students until they graduated to examine continued subsequent classes. Achievement ability measures, prior each contributed unique variance initial long-term outcomes, but these predictors were linked different...

Currently, there is a debate about which types of achievement goals promote optimal motivation. A number theorists argue for mastery goal perspective focusing on the adaptive consequences and maladaptive performance goals. Others endorse multiple in both can be beneficial. The purpose present investigation was to review why this has emerged offer critical test versus perspectives. In Study 1, correlational approach used identify college participants adopt learning activity. 2, an...

Why do some students excel in their college classes and develop interest an academic discipline? The authors examined both the short-term long-term consequences of students' achievement goals introductory psychology course. Mastery positively predicted subsequent course, but not course grades. Performance grades, interest. Three semesters later, obtained measures continued die discipline performance. enrollment courses, whereas performance These positive complementary effects mastery on...

The types of goals that students adopt in educational settings and the consequences those an 2 important outcomes-performance intrinsic motivation-are discussed. In case performance, we briefly review evaluate a large body theory research conducted by other investigators. particular, consider possibility some commonly accepted conclusions about effects achievement are premature. motivation, describe theoretical model has guided our own work on this topic provide recent experimental results....

The authors investigated personality predictors of achievement goals in an introductory psychology class, as well the consequences these for motivation and performance 311 undergraduates. Two dimensions (workmastery competitive orientations; J. T. Spence & R. L. Helmreich, 1983) predicted endorsed. Individuals high workmastery were more likely to adopt mastery less work avoidance goals, whereas individuals endorse goals. Students adopting interested but students achieved higher levels...

The dynamics of individual and situational interest academic performance were examined in the college classroom 7 semesters later conjunction with achievement goals. At beginning an introductory psychology course, participants reported their initial psychology, goals, course lectures. end semester, (N = 858) lectures psychology. In short term, relationships emerged among interest, class performance. Longitudinally, during independent predicted subsequent choices. Results are discussed terms...

We tested whether a utility value intervention (via manipulated relevance) influenced interest and performance on task this had different effects depending an individual's expectations or prior performance. Interest was defined as triggered situational (i.e., affective emotional reactions) maintained inclination to engage in the future). In 2 randomized experiments, 1 conducted laboratory other college classroom, through writing which participants were asked explain how material they...

Interest is a powerful motivational process that energizes learning, guides academic and career trajectories, essential to success. both psychological state of attention affect toward particular object or topic, an enduring predisposition reengage over time. Integrating these two definitions, the four-phase model interest development interventions promote capitalize on existing interests. Four interest-enhancing seem useful: attention-getting settings, contexts evoking prior individual...

The research presented in this article integrates 3 theoretical perspectives the field of motivation: expectancy-value, achievement goals, and interest. authors examined antecedents (initial interest, goals) consequences (interest, performance) task value judgments 2 learning contexts: a college classroom high school sports camp. pattern findings was consistent across both contexts. Initial interest mastery goals predicted subsequent values mediated these relationships. Performance-approach...

The pipeline toward careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) begins to leak high school, when some students choose not take advanced science courses. We conducted a field experiment testing whether theory-based intervention that was designed help parents convey the importance of courses their school-aged children would lead them more school. three-part consisted two brochures mailed Web site, all highlighting usefulness STEM This relatively simple led whose were...

Many college students abandon their goal of completing a degree in science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM) when confronted with challenging introductory-level science courses. In the U.S., this trend is more pronounced for underrepresented minority (URM) and first-generation (FG) students, contributes to persisting racial social-class achievement gaps higher education. Previous intervention studies have focused exclusively on race social class, but not examined how 2 may be...

The authors examined the effects of competition and cooperation on intrinsic motivation performance in 4 studies. Across 3 behavioral studies that involved shooting a basketball, no differences were observed between task enjoyment or performance. However, combination (intergroup competition) consistently led to higher levels motivation, 2 studies, In questionnaire study, replicated positive intergroup process measures might account for these effects. These findings suggest both have aspects...

Three studies were conducted to develop and validate scores on a new measure appropriate for assessing adolescents’ situational interest (SI) across various academic settings. In Study 1 ( n = 858), self-report questionnaire was administered undergraduates in introductory psychology. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) supported three-factor model that differentiated between generated by (a) the presentation of course material grabbed students’ attention (triggered-SI), (b) extent which...

Many students start college intending to pursue a career in the biosciences, but too many abandon this goal because they struggle introductory biology. Interventions have been developed close achievement gaps for underrepresented minority and women, no prior research has attempted gap first-generation students, population that accounts nearly fifth of students. We report values affirmation intervention conducted with 798 U.S. (154 first-generation) an biology course majors. For significantly...

Significance The need for students trained in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) jobs is growing rapidly the United States, yet do not enroll necessary courses to prepare STEM careers. In a randomized controlled trial, parents utility–value intervention group received materials detailing importance of their adolescents high school. increased science ACT scores course-taking This greater high-school preparation was associated, 5 y later, with career pursuit. These...