A5069008801- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Sex work and related issues
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Youth Development and Social Support
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Empathy and Medical Education
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation
2021-2025
University of Cape Town
2021-2025
Institute of Mineralogy
2024
University of Münster
2024
Health Foundation
2024
University of British Columbia
2024
Loyola University Chicago
2023
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2019
Digital adherence technologies (DATs) have emerged as an alternative to directly observed therapy (DOT) for supervisions of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis implementation feedback obtained from people with TB and health care workers (HCWs) involved in REACH Wave 6-funded DAT evaluation projects. Projects administered standardized post-implementation surveys based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model their workers. The included questions...
Objectives: Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) is used as a biomarker of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Recent treatment studies have shown that TFV-DP predicts future viremia persons with HIV (PWH) but there are few data from high-burden settings. We investigated whether DBS viral breakthrough South African PWH. Design: Prospective observational cohort. Methods: enrolled 250 adults receiving tenofovir-containing regimens, currently virally suppressed (<50...
The purpose of this study was to determine if implementation a new educational curriculum focusing on Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Resilience improved second year medical student scores in these areas.Our EI-Resilience offered as an elective for students voluntarily enroll in. consisted six 2-hour sessions taught by single faculty member over eight months. Sessions focused development EI skills teaching "PROGRAM" (Positive thinking, Reframing, Optimism, Gratitude, Reflection, Altruism,...
Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence monitoring is premised on patients' self-reported behaviour (prone to recall error) and verified by blood viral load measurement (which can delay results). A newly developed Urine Tenofovir Rapid Assay (UTRA) assesses tenofovir in urine at point-of-care a novel tool test immediately respond levels of people living with HIV (PLHIV). We explored PLHIV health workers' initial perceptions about integrating the UTRA into routine medical care for...
Objectives The tuberculosis (TB) MATE study evaluated whether a differentiated care approach (DCA) based on tablet-taking data from Wisepill evriMED digital adherence technology could improve TB treatment adherence. DCA entailed stepwise increase in support starting short message service (SMS) to phone calls, followed by home visits and motivational counselling. We explored feasibility of this with providers implementing clinics. Design Between June 2020 February 2021, in-depth interviews...
Despite the high prevalence of latent Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infections in patients from endemic areas with a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, KSHV lytic reactivation context other co-infections is not well understood. Lytic can contribute to severe inflammatory symptoms and KSHV-associated pathogenesis. We have previously reported on upon acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure non-hospitalised cohort people living HIV (PLWH)....
Abstract Background Obesity among women with HIV (WWH) is nearly 2-fold higher than in men. closely associated dysglycemia, and frequently necessitates the co-administration of dolutegravir metformin. A pharmacokinetic study 15 non-obese healthy volunteers determined that increased metformin plasma exposure by 79%, prompting regulatory guideline recommendations to limit 1,000 mg/day when co-administered dolutegravir. has been linked lower exposures, our aimed verify increasing population...
Access to viral load measurements is constrained in resource-limited settings. A lateral flow urine tenofovir (TFV) rapid assay (UTRA) for patients whose regimens include TFV offers an affordable approach frequent adherence monitoring.We conducted a cross-sectional study of assess the utility UTRA predict virologic failure, defined as greater than 400 copies/ml.We assessed among 113 participants at increased risk failure (who had previous on this regimen or previously been ≥30 days out...
The high cost of viral load (VL) testing limits its use for antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence support. A low-cost lateral flow urine tenofovir (TFV) rapid assay predicts pre-exposure prophylaxis breakthroughs, but has not yet been investigated in HIV treatment. We therefore evaluated utility a pilot cross-sectional study TFV-containing ART recipients at an increased risk virologic failure (VF). Participants who had treatment interruption ≥30 days or ≥1 episode viremia (VL ≥400...
Background: Digital adherence technologies have gained traction recently, with medication monitors showing improved in large trials China. Data on long term TB outcomes following use of digital tools is lacking.Methods: We conducted a cluster randomized trial 18 primary health clinics South Africa. measured and 18-month clinical amongst people drug-susceptible (DS-TB) supported by monitor differentiated care approach (intervention) versus standard (SoC). Adherence was calculated as days the...
We conducted qualitative research among people with HIV (PWH) and care providers in Cape Town, South Africa to understand the impact of negative clinic experiences on adherence support preferences. In-depth interviews were 41 patients an unsuppressed viral load or a treatment gap, focus group discussions physicians, nurses, counselors, community health workers. Questions addressed history barriers, then participants evaluated evidence-based interventions for potential scale up. Inductive...
Worldwide, non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is problematic. Digital adherence technologies (DATs) offer a person-centered approach support and monitor treatment. We explored over time while using DATs. conducted meta-analysis on anonymized longitudinal data for drug-susceptible (DS) TB (n = 4515) drug-resistant (DR) 473) populations from 11 DAT projects. Using Tobit regression, we assessed six months of across sex, age, project enrolment phase, DAT-type, health care facility...
Abstract Introduction Digital adherence technologies (DATs) have emerged as an alternative to directly observed therapy (DOT) for supervisions of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis implementation feedback obtained from people with TB and health care workers (HCWs) involved in REACH Wave 6-funded DAT evaluation projects. Methods Projects administered standardized post-implementation surveys based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model their...
The introduction of digital adherence technologies (DATs) such as medication monitors in tuberculosis (TB) programmes supports treatment among people with (PWTB). We evaluated the acceptability using (Wisepill evriMED) prompting a stepwise differentiated care approach (DCA), involving short message service (SMS), phone calls, home visits and motivational counselling, PWTB South Africa.
Abstract Background Periods of droughts can lead to decreased food security, and altered behaviours, potentially affecting outcomes on antiretroviral therapy (ART) among persons with HIV (PWH). We investigated whether rainfall is associated adverse PWH ART in Southern Africa. Methods Data were combined from 11 clinical cohorts Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, participating the International epidemiology Databases Evaluate AIDS Africa (IeDEA-SA) collaboration....
Abstract Background South Africa bears a large HIV burden with 7.8 million people (PWH). However, due to suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and retention in care, only 66% of PWH are virally suppressed. Standard care allows for detection when routine testing indicates unsuppressed virus. Several interventions known improve outcomes, yet few implemented routinely the resources required. Therefore, determining scalable evidence-based support resource-limited settings (RLS) is...
Background: Electronic adherence (EA) and tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) are objective measures of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. We characterized the association between these a prospective cohort persons with HIV (PWH) on ART. Setting: Four primary health clinics Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: enrolled 250 virally suppressed PWH receiving tenofovir-based collected EA data, monthly viral load, TFV-DP DBS for 12 months. used logistic regression to...
The recent analysis of radar data from NASA&#8217;s Magellan mission suggests that volcanic activity is ongoing on Venus [1], providing unprecedented evidence Venus&#8217;s evolution and present day state has been dominated by processes. geodynamics tectonics seem to be well characterized the so-called &#8220;plutonic squishy lid&#8221; regime, where part melt formed in interior rises surface but a significant remains trapped crust lithosphere forming intrusions [2]. These...
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) constitute a rapidly growing population group whose health concerns are gaining recognition throughout care. There is appreciation of the need to involve AYA in all matters affecting their lives, including participation research. Yet, they infrequently participate research that focuses on experiences genetic counseling testing. This may stem from entrenched perspectives about challenges conducting We aimed provide guidance engaging research, based review...
Abstract Background Suboptimal adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is common and puts individuals at increased risk of failure. Identifying factors for poor may help better target improve resource allocations. We assessed specific determinants adherence: HIV status; antiretroviral therapy; time clinical care access; perceived stigma, among adults with drug-sensitive TB. Methods This a secondary analysis the “TB Mate'' cluster-randomised trial, which implemented TB intervention in 18...