A5002398368- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Gut microbiota and health
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Infant Health and Development
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Dietary Effects on Health
Stony Brook University
2012-2025
The University of Adelaide
2023-2025
Royal Adelaide Hospital
2025
George Washington University
2024
NorthShore University HealthSystem
2023
Anesthesia Quality Institute
2023
Harvard University
2023
SA Health
2023
Magee-Womens Hospital
2023
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
2023
Abstract Background Adaptive shifts in gut microbiome composition are one route by which animals adapt to seasonal changes food availability and diet. However, outside of dietary shifts, other potential environmental drivers microbial have rarely been investigated, particularly organisms living their natural environments. Results Here, we generated the largest wild nonhuman primate dataset date identify diversity function 758 samples collected from Ethiopian geladas ( Theropithecus gelada )....
Female rodents are known to terminate pregnancies after exposure unfamiliar males ("Bruce effect"). Although laboratory support abounds, direct evidence for a Bruce effect under natural conditions is lacking. Here, we report strong in wild primate, the gelada (Theropithecus gelada). geladas 80% of weeks dominant male replaced. Further, data on interbirth intervals suggest that pregnancy termination offers fitness benefits females whose offspring would otherwise be susceptible infanticide....
Feeding competition is suggested as a major factor constraining group size in social foragers. It has, however, been challenging to demonstrate consequences of reduced energy gain terms fitness, possibly because foragers may compensate negative effects scramble via adjustments time budgets. Herbivorous animals are particularly interesting this context their fibrous diet and slow digestion process make it difficult adjust Here we investigate infant development reproductive rates Phayre's leaf...
Abstract Studies in multiple host species have shown that gut microbial diversity and composition change during pregnancy lactation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these shifts are not well understood. Here, we use longitudinal data from wild Phayre’s leaf monkeys to test hypothesis fluctuations reproductive hormone concentrations contribute pregnancy. We described taxonomic of 91 fecal samples 15 females (n = 16 cycling, n 36 pregnant, 39 lactating) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon...
Abstract Primate life histories are strongly influenced by both body and brain mass mediated food availability perhaps dietary adaptations. It has been suggested that folivorous primates mature reproduce more slowly than frugivores due to lower basal metabolic rates as well greater degrees of arboreality, which can mortality thus fecundity. However, the opposite also proposed: faster in folivores a diet abundant, protein‐rich leaves. We compared two primate taxa often found sympatry: Asian...
Life history and socioecological factors have been linked to species-specific patterns of growth across female vertebrates. For example, greater maternal investment in offspring has associated with more discrete periods reproduction. However, primates it difficult test such hypotheses because very few studies obtained measurements from wild populations. Here we utilize a promising noninvasive photogrammetric method-parallel lasers-to examine shoulder-rump (SR) primate, the gelada...
Many nonseasonally breeding mammals demonstrate some degree of synchrony in births, which is generally associated with ecological factors that mediate fecundity. However, disruptive social events, such as alpha male replacements, also have the potential to affect timing female reproduction. Here, we examined reproductive seasonality a wild population geladas (Theropithecus gelada) living at high altitudes an afro-alpine ecosystem Ethiopia. Using 9 years demographic data (2006-2014),...
Abstract Objective Evaluate lesion visibility and radiologist confidence during contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM)-guided biopsy. Methods Women with BI-RADS ≥4A enhancing breast lesions were prospectively recruited for 9-g vacuum-assisted CEM-guided Breast density, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), characteristics (enhancement conspicuity), (scale 1–5), acquisition times collected. Signal intensities in specimens analyzed. Patient surveys Results A cohort of 28 women aged 40–81...
ABSTRACT In primates and other mammals, weaning is an equivocal concept, as reflected in the numerous ways it measured: a) first intake of solid food, b) conflict over access to nipple, c) ability survive without mother, d) maternal resumption cycling, or e) cessation nipple contact. The lack a consistent definition means that age, although falls between gestation (fetal growth) age at reproduction (most energy diverted from growth), currently not reliable life history variable capturing...
Abstract Monitoring genetic diversity in wild populations is a central goal of ecological and evolutionary genetics critical for conservation biology. However, studies nonmodel organisms generally lack access to species‐specific genotyping methods (e.g. array‐based genotyping) must instead use sequencing‐based approaches. Although costs are decreasing, high‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing (WGS), which produces the highest confidence genotypes, remains expensive. More economical reduced...
Maternal parity can impact offspring growth, but the mechanisms driving this effect are unclear. Here, we test hypothesis that vertically transmitted microbiota may be one potential mechanism. We analyzed 118 fecal and milk samples from mother-offspring vervet monkey dyads across first 6 months of life. Despite poorer production, born to low females grew larger than their counterparts. These exhibited reduced alpha diversity in days life, stronger seeding maternal microbiota, Bacteroides...
Across mammals, fertility and offspring survival are often lowest at the beginning end of females' reproductive careers. However, extrinsic drivers success-including infanticide by males-could stochastically obscure these expected age-related trends. Here, we modelled ageing trajectories in two cercopithecine primates that experience high rates male infanticide: chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) gelada (Theropithecus gelada). We found middle-aged mothers generally achieved shortest interbirth...
The relationship between postoperative in-hospital mortality and inflammatory markers has not been well described. This study aimed to characterize the association specific clinical of inflammation in early period general surgical patients. included consecutive surgery admissions at two tertiary hospitals South Australia over a 2-year period. Collected data patient demographics, Charlson comorbidity index, mortality, vital signs, laboratory tests. In particular, temperature, neutrophil...
ABSTRACT Intestivirids (order Crassvirales, family Intestiviridae ), viruses that infect Bacteroidales bacteria in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, have been identified as a highly abundant component of healthy human virome may shape patterns health and disease through direct action on microbiome. While double‐stranded DNA bacteriophages called crAssphages ( Carjivirus communis ) order humans within first month life, enormous variation post‐parturition infant environments diets has...
Abstract Socioecological theory suggests a link between the strength of competition for food/safety, rates agonism, structure dominance hierarchies, and dispersal among group‐living females. This study presents preliminary data on agonistic behavior relationships female Phayre's leaf monkeys ( Trachypithecus phayrei ), species in which females routinely disperse. Behavioral observations were conducted two groups (four adult females, five plus juvenile respectively) at Phu Khieo Wildlife...
Abstract Understanding the mechanisms by which organisms respond to environmental change is critical conservation biology. Recent research indicates that gut microbiome may mediate mammalian responses environment and can be used as a biomarker understand host ecological strategies. Here, we explore relationship between microbiome, dietary niche, potential resilience habitat alteration using two closely related, sympatric non‐human primate species: tufted gray langur ( Semnopithecus priam )...