Objective To assess rates of overweight/obesity and related health behaviors among rural urban children using data from the National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Data were drawn 2003–2004 2005–2006 NHANES surveys regarding demographic characteristics, weight status, dietary physical activity behaviors. Results Significantly more found to be obese than children. behavior differences explain this differential obesity rate primarily not significant, but multivariate...

To evaluate brain activation in response to common food and nonfood logos healthy weight obese children.Ten children (mean body mass index the 50th percentile) 10 97.9th completed self-report measures of self-control. They then underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing logos.Compared with children, showed significantly less bilateral middle/inferior prefrontal cortex, an area involved cognitive control.When shown logos, than regions associated control. This provides...

Branding and advertising have a powerful effect on both familiarity preference for products, yet no neuroimaging studies examined neural response to logos in children. Food is particularly pervasive effective manipulating choices The purpose of this study was examine how healthy children's brains respond common food other logos. A pilot validation first conducted with 32 children select the most culturally familiar logos, match non-food valence intensity. new sample 17 weight were then...

The objective of the current study was to examine effectiveness a multidisciplinary weekly family-based behavioral group delivered via telemedicine rural areas, compared with standard physician visit intervention.A randomized controlled trial conducted 58 children and their families comparing intervention structured condition. Outcome measures included child body mass index z-score (BMIz), 24-hr dietary recalls, accelerometer data, Child Behavior Checklist, Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding...

Though a diagnosis rarely made decade ago, Hashimoto's disease is now recognized with considerable frequency. This change due to the wider use of needle biopsy and, more importantly, demonstration autoimmunization in this by Witebsky, Rose and Shulman1 Roitt et al.2 The circulating autoantibodies were initially thought be cause inflammatory process, but seems unlikely. thyroid lesions are not necessarily correlated level antibodies, passive transfer means serum has failed. It that initial...

Previous studies have documented the presence of specific barriers to school nurses' communications with families about weight-related health. The purpose present study was contribute literature by further analyzing, using focus group methodology, perceived addressing health issues children and their families.Twenty-two nurses from urban rural districts in Midwestern United States participated 7 groups during spring semester 2008. Sessions were recorded transcribed entirety. Study authors...

A soluble enzyme functioning as an iodide-peroxidase and tyrosine-iodinase complex has been prepared from sheep thyroid tissue. The is detached cell particles by chymotrypsin digestion in the presence of deoxycholate, followed a butanol acetone extraction procedure. It can be purified diethyl-amino-ethyl cellulose column chromatography. During preparation specific activity enhanced fiftyfold. appears to basic protein which does not contain porphyrin group. no cytochrome oxidase activity....

Objective The objective of the current study was to examine feasibility telemedicine vs. telephone for delivery a multidisciplinary weekly family-based behavioural group intervention treat paediatric obesity delivered families living in rural areas using randomized controlled trial methodology. Methods 103 children and their were recruited. Feasibility measures included participant satisfaction, session attendance retention. Treatment outcome child Body Mass Index z-score (BMIz), parent BMI,...

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be at increased risk for overweight and obesity, but little information is known about correlates of obesity in this population. This study compared prevalence rates parent-reported specific health behaviors (i.e., parent report child sleep, family meal patterns, screen time, physical activity) among children ASD (N = more than 900 [weighted to represent 690,000; age 10-17]) without using data from a nationally representative sample....

Little is known about body weight status and the association between common comorbidities in children adults with Down syndrome (DS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) other intellectual developmental disabilities (IDDs).Data were extracted from University of Kansas Medical Center's Healthcare Enterprise Repository for Ontological Narration clinical integrated data repository. Measures included demographics (sex, age race), disability diagnosis, comorbid health conditions, height, mass index...

Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide associated with sensory innervation of lymphoid tissue and suspected modulator lymphatic function in inflammation. Only few studies have examined the effects SP on contraction, it not clear to what extent acts directly muscle and/or endothelium or indirectly through changes intraluminal filling pressure secondary increases capillary permeability/filtration. We tested spontaneous contractions rat isolated mesenteric vessels under isometric isobaric...

Background: Pediatric obesity is a serious and prevalent problem. Smartphone technology, which becoming increasingly available to children of diverse backgrounds, presents unique opportunity instill healthy behaviors before the onset obesity. Past studies have examined use smartphone applications as tools health behavior modification for adults. The present study examines content children's exercise nutrition apps. Method: Sixty-two iPhone apps were identified coded by two independent raters...

We tested the hypothesis that lymphatics would exhibit myogenic constrictions and dilations to intraluminal pressure changes. Collecting lymphatic vessels were isolated from rat mesentery, cannulated, pressurized for in vitro study. The diameter responses controlled steps of different magnitudes absence presence inflammatory mediator substance P, which is known enhance contractility. Myogenic constriction, defined as a time-dependent decrease end-diastolic over 1- 2-min period following...

Introduction: Pediatric overweight is currently reaching epidemic proportions but little information exists on differences in weight related behaviors between urban and rural children. Objective: To assess health status among school-age Methods: Fifth-grade children at two schools were invited to participate an assessment study of their status. A total 138 (mean age = 10 years; % female 54.6) chose participate. Results: Children areas consumed equivalent calories per day from fat, ate more...

Objective To examine the effectiveness of a family-based behavioral group intervention (Positively Fit; PF) for pediatric obesity relative to brief family (BFI) in sample treatment-seeking children and adolescents. Methods Families (n = 93) were randomized treatment condition. Assessments conducted at pre- posttreatment 12-month follow-up. Outcome indices included standardized body mass index (BMI) quality life (QOL). Results indicated significant reduction zBMI follow-up across both...

Oral aversion is a frequent diagnosis in the pediatric population. For minority of children, feeding challenges rise to level requiring clinical evaluation and intervention. Determining best treatment plan can be challenging, but there consensus that for children with severe oral involves an interdisciplinary approach. Within team model, multiple strategies have demonstrated effectiveness, including sensorimotor skill building, behavioral modification, hunger provocation, sensory integration...

Objective Obese children demonstrate less activation in prefrontal regions associated with self‐control and inhibition when presented food cues advertisements. This study evaluates the differences between obese healthy weight resting‐state functional connectivity to these brain regions. Methods Seed bilateral middle frontal gyri were chosen based on previous task‐based analysis showing children's responses food‐associated stimuli. Functional seed was measured scans collected lean undergoing...

Background: Strategies to treat pediatric obesity are needed, especially among high-need populations. Technology is an innovative approach; however, data on technology as adjuncts in-person treatment programs limited. Methods: A total of 64 children [body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile, mean age = 9.6 ± 3.1 years, 32.8% female, 84.4% Hispanic] were recruited participate in one three cohorts a family-based behavioral group (FBBG) program: FBBG only, TECH1, and TECH2. Rolling, nonrandomized...

ABSTRACT The current article describes a 14‐week outpatient protocol for transitioning from gastrostomy tube to oral feeding in toddlers with medical complications. team ensured that eating skills were mastered before treating patients 8 weeks continuous gastrojejunal drip feedings and low‐dose tricyclic antidepressant and/or gabapentin. We prescribed 6 of megestrol hunger provocation while withdrawing feedings. A chart review after treatment demonstrated 9 subjects exclusively orally 1 was...