The interaction between liquid spray and the surrounding air is crucial in fluid research, especially study of fuel combustion. However, spray–air a complex process influenced by multiple factors, including type, injection pressure, temperature. These factors are coupled together, making it challenging time-consuming to accurately capture data using traditional experimental methods alone. current proposes hybrid physics-based machine learning model for utilizing images reconstruct ambient...

Smoke aerosols are mixtures of fine particles suspended in the atmosphere. Based on absorption or scattering light by these particles, researchers have conducted extensive optical diagnostics studies smoke aerosol morphology and behavior. However, conventional methodologies restricted to two-dimensional (2D) single-point measurements. To overcome this constraint, study introduces a novel three-dimensional (3D) diagnostic technique based tomographic spectroscopy (TAS) reconstruction. A...

Fuel–air interaction inside a gasoline direct injection engine is key factor affecting the fuel mixture formation and combustion efficiency. In this study, fluorescent particle image velocimetry Mie scattering are applied to capture air velocity field spray morphology simultaneously. This work aims reveal dominant factors underlying mechanisms mass entrainment under various superheated conditions ranging from subcooled flash boiling. First, spray-induced rate examined at boundary. Next,...

Rock burst disaster affects underground mining safety. The energy-absorbing hydraulic support for preventing tunnel impact has been implemented in rock mines. In order to compare the resistance characteristics of conventional columns and columns, based on derivation energy theory, CEL fluid-solid coupling simulation algorithm is used simulate process static load 1000 kN superimposed 1500 φ180 mm type column column. Combined with static-dynamic combined test 6500 testing machine column,...

Warming and drought brought about by climate change seriously harm sustainable agricultural production in southern Xinjiang. It is still unclear how irrigation can improve the ability of crops to cope with change.Therefore, this study, we calibrated validated AquaCrop model using data collected cotton from 2017 2018. The effectively simulated growth, biomass, yield plants at experimental site under different warming conditions. meteorological 1987 2016 were used a simulation predict 3...

In-cylinder flow characteristics play a significant role in the fuel–air mixing process of Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) engines. Typically, planar Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to measure representative velocity field sectioning through center plane engine cylinder. However, single offers very limited perspective regarding Three-Dimensional nature fields. Since in-cylinder stochastically complex, large datasets measurements along multiple planes are needed provide...

In-cylinder flow fields and their temporal evolution have strong effect on the combustion dynamics of internal engines. Proper orthogonal decomposition is a statistical tool to analyze these by decomposing them into patterns (known as proper modes) corresponding coefficients with contribution ensemble kinetic energy successively maximized. However, neither two prevailing approaches satisfactorily describes behavior fields. The phase-dependent approach limited analyzing spatial structures at...

Abstract The complex vortex flow interactions are critical to affect the fuel–air mixing and combustion stability in direct-injection engine. However, due strong cyclic variations inside engine, multiscale swirl characteristics with details difficult be sufficiently revealed. Therefore, a detection characterization framework, including physical data-driven methods, is implemented elucidate interaction process. In this study, high-speed time-resolved particle image velocimetry applied record...

In-cylinder air flow structure makes significant impacts on fuel spray dispersion, mixture formation, and flame propagation in spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. While vortices can be observed during the early stage of intake stroke, it is very difficult to clearly identify their transient characteristics because these are multiple length scales with different swirl motion strength. In this study, a high-speed time-resolved two-dimensional (2D) particle image velocimetry (PIV)...

Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) are one common rodent species, they serve as intermediate hosts Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on presence larval form H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown worldwide, little information is available genetic characterization this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, April 2014 to March 2016, study was...

Abstract Cycle-to-cycle variation (CCV) of in-cylinder flow strongly affects the performance and efficiency spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. In order to achieve a precise control inside engine, underlying dynamic features field CCV must be thoroughly investigated. this work, large-eddy simulations (LES) with 50 consecutive cycles are employed for high fidelity numerical realizations engine under motoring condition. To supplement analysis, time-resolved particle image...

In-cylinder air flow structure makes significant impacts on fuel spray dispersion, mixture formation, and flame propagation in spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. While vortices can be observed during the early stage of intake stroke, it is very difficult to clearly identify their transient characteristics because these are multiple length scales with different swirl motion strength. In this study, a high-speed time-resolved 2D particle image velocimetry (PIV) applied record...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The continuous improvement of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine is largely attributed to the enhanced understanding air-fuel mixing and combustion processes. This work investigates transient behavior ambient flow fields hexane spray using combined diagnostics fluorescent particle image velocimetry (FPIV) mie scattering. A hybrid analysis approach proposed investigate residual effect on fields, including similarity...

This study conducted water-induced fracture experiments and full-diameter core displacement on the cores of a certain oil reservoir in Ordos Basin, aiming to investigate impact these induced fractures different sizes efficiency distribution remaining oil, perform quantitative analysis. The experimental results indicate that is related depth, angle, complexity fractures.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The continuous improvement of spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) engines is largely attributed to the enhanced understanding air-fuel mixing and combustion processes. The intricate interaction between transient spray behavior ambient flow field important unveil airflow dynamics during injection process. This study investigates fuel-spray boundary interactions under different superheated conditions by analyzing...

Optimizing water and nitrogen management is an effective measure to reduce fertilizer loss environmental pollution risks. This study aims quantify the impacts of different strategies on soil microenvironment yield spring soybeans in southern Xinjiang. In this study, two irrigation quotas were established: W1—36 mm (low water) W2—45 (high water). Three application gradients low (150 kg·hm−2, N1), medium (225 N2), high (300 k N3). The analysis focused physicochemical properties, enzyme...

Abstract In-cylinder flow fields make significant impacts on the fuel atomization, mixture formation, and combustion process in spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. In recent years, model-based simulation approaches are preferred regard to investigating transient in-cylinder field characteristics. Most commonly, models validated using single representative at a typical crank angle measured by particle image velocimetry (PIV). However, it provides only limited knowledge about which...