Recently, the thermal management of power electronic converters has gained significant attention due to continuous trend developing very compact with high density. With evolution semiconductor devices, operating temperatures and large cycles have become possible, necessitating a improvement in system designs. Researchers made efforts develop effective systems for improving reliability lifetime converters. This article intends present thorough review employed electronics cooling. The applied...

Expanding adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and broad deployment charging stations push the limits distribution grid infrastructure increase importance effective coordination. Smart EV chargers with several functionalities coordination solutions that can manage sessions hundreds EVs are becoming common, increasing risk triggering significant operational problems in case cyberattacks. The information exchange between coordinator, network operator, users is essential scheduling a large...

This paper discusses the growing influence of renewable energy and distributed generation, emphasizing need for smart control systems to maximize benefits optimize network performance. However, absence a standardized evaluation framework makes it challenging compare different effectively, especially in large-scale hybrid networks with both AC DC components. While show promise greener more reliable power networks, they introduce complexity methods. Researchers are exploring innovative...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly recognized as an effective solution in the battle against climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Lithium-ion batteries have become standard for energy storage automobile industry, widely used EVs due to their superior characteristics compared other batteries. The growing popularity of Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) concept can be attributed its surplus capacity,...

Cyber-physical system (CPS) of EV on-board chargers is connected to an IOT-based communication network for coordinated control, which highly vulnerable cyber-attacks. This charging coordination control incorporating hundreds EVs and associated sessions, feed in a stochastic reference input energy management (EMS) chargers. Hence, under these varying operating conditions, pure data-driven-based detection model can experience disturbance failure. Therefore, predictive (MPC) based machine...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Semiconductor devices in electric vehicle (EV) motor drive systems are considered the most fragile components with a high occurrence rate for open circuit fault (OCF). Various signal-based and model-based methods explicit mathematical models have been previously published OCF diagnosis. However, this proposed work presents model-free machine learning (ML) approach single-switch detection localization (DaL) two-level,...

Electrified transportation is considered one of the most feasible technological solutions to address growing climate change challenges in electric sector. However, batteries used vehicles (EVs) and hybrid (HEVs) have limited life. The degradation battery accelerated by operating conditions vehicle, which further reduces its life increases reliability economic concerns for vehicle's operation. This paper provides a technique minimize HEVs called prognostic-based control framework. A...

Introduction: Motor-function modulation through Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid was assessed against. Haloperidol induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) in albino-mice. The objectives of this study were to test the effect development PD, effectiveness mice and evaluation motor-function changes before after treatment.
 Methods: divided into 3 phases: During Phase-I (randomization), all subjects randomly 4 groups trained for wire-hanging, grip strength, vertical rod swim tests 1 week. Phase-II...

The purpose of extracting Bio-Medical Entities is to recognize the particular entities, whether word or phrases, from unstructured data contained in text. This work proposes different approaches and methods, i.e. Machine Learning Hybrid Classification, Rule Based Non-tested Generalized Exemplars Partial Decision Tree (PART) Learners for Named Entity Recognition. Prime objective consider, preferably, simple characteristics, such as, affixes context. In addition, orthographic, Parts Speech...

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are age-related, multifactorial, and complicated conditions that affect the nervous system. In most cases, these may begin with an accumulation of misfolded proteins rather than decay before they develop clinical symptoms. The progression can be influenced by a number internal external factors, including oxidative damage, neuro-inflammation, amyloid proteins. Astrocytes, highest abundance among cells mammalian central system, perform several important...

This study focuses on a stand-alone hybrid system combining photovoltaic/wind with super-capacitor/battery storage for rural residential applications. Various DC/DC converters are used to control the power flow load and Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is maximum extraction from systems. In proposed architecture, Photovoltaic (PV) has priority meet required load. A wind turbine integrated in support PV during demand. Both super-capacitor battery as an energy surplus and/or backup device...

Abstract Unleashing the potential of distributed renewable energy sources (RESs), intelligent and autonomous microgrids are becoming pivotal in attaining net‐zero carbon emission goals. Hybrid AC/DC rise as cutting‐edge microgrid topologies, capitalising on best both AC DC systems. However, integration intermittent renewables uncertainties loading poses stability challenges. Advanced bidirectional converter controls provide efficient power exchange, but extreme contingencies, a resilient...

<div class="section abstract"> class="htmlview paragraph">In the age of advancing digitalization and integrating complex electronics within modern vehicles, hybrid tracked vehicles (HTVs) are increasingly becoming susceptible to cybersecurity threats. Particularly vulnerable control units, which have become prime targets for adversarial exploitation due their pivotal role in vehicle functionality. To address these security concerns, this study demonstrates two distinct yet equally...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The application of power electronic converters (PEC) in electric vehicles (EVs) has increased immensely as they provide enhanced controllability and flexibility to these vehicles. Accordingly, the interest developing innovative sustainable technologies ensure safe reliable operation PECs also risen. One most difficult challenges experienced during development is design proper thermal management systems for controlling...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper proposes a novel 1-ϕ, Cuk based on-board electric vehicle (EV) charger with least power components. The proposed EV has special feature to achieve factor correction (PFC) at AC grid without requirement of the voltage and current sensors which cuts cost increases density along robustness noise. automatic PFC is accomplished by operating output DC inductor in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). necessitates...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the greatest threats to modern global health. DM may affect male reproductive function at multiple levels as a result its effects on spermatogenesis, sperm motility, morphology, and change in structure.
 Methods: The present study deals with motility morphological changes associated diabetes population. In this study, 50 insulin-dependent metformin users were selected, ages males ranging from 26-54 years duration distributed over 3-15...

Pakistan being an agricultural country greatly depends on the water.Intense agriculture and ever-increasing population growth have created stress limited water resources of country.Therefore, use industrial discharge effluent sewage for irrigation is a common practice.Realizing situation safe disposal wastewater in Pattoki to minimize public risks indiscriminate wastewater, Punjab government Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) constructed treatment plant at district Kasur.The...